The Qingming Festival originated from the ancient times of ancestral beliefs and spring festival rituals, both natural and humanistic connotation, is both a natural festival point, but also a traditional festival. The following small make-up for you to organize the origins and origins of the Qingming Festival, I hope you like it!
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Origin and Origin of Qingming Festival
The origin of Qingming Festival is rumored to have begun in ancient times with the "tomb sacrifice" of the emperor. Originally, the Cold Food Festival and the Qingming Festival were two different festivals, but in the Tang Dynasty, the day of the Tomb Sweeping Festival was designated as the Cold Food Festival. The correct day for the Cold Food Festival is one hundred and five days after the winter solstice, around the time of the Qingming Festival, and because of the proximity of the two days, the Qingming Festival and the Cold Food Festival were combined into one day.
The custom of visiting the graves of one's ancestors has its origins very early in China. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty, great importance was attached to burials. In the Warring States period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Mengzi - Qi Renzhi also mentioned that a disgraced Qi man often went to Dongguo grave to beg for food and offerings to the tomb, so it can be seen that the tomb-sweeping custom was very prevalent in the Warring States period. To the Tang Xuanzong, the imperial decree set the cold food tomb sweeping as one of the "five rituals", so whenever the Qingming Festival comes, "the fields and roads, women all over, soaps and servants and beggars, all have to parents Qiu tomb." (Liu Zongyuan "and Xu Jingzhao book") tomb sweeping has become an important social custom. Han book. Yan Yan Nian biography", even if the Yan's thousands of miles away from the capital will be in the Qingming "to return to the East China Sea to sweep the tomb". In terms of Chinese ancestor worship and the development and strengthening of the sense of kinship, Yan Yan Nian's action is reasonable. Therefore, the later generations did not include the ancient norms of the tomb sacrifice into the five rituals: "the common people's homes, it is appropriate to allow the tomb, into the five rituals, forever as a regular pattern." With this official recognition, the style of tomb worship was bound to flourish.
Other Traditional Foods of Qingming Festival
1, green dumplings
Qingming Festival, the southern part of the Yangtze River has the custom of eating green dumplings. The green dumplings are made of a wild plant called "pulp wheat grass" pounded and squeezed out of the juice, and then take this juice with the drying of the water milled pure glutinous rice flour mixed and kneaded, and then began to make the dumplings. The filling of the dumplings is made of fine sweetened bean paste, and a small piece of sweetened lard is added to the filling. When the dumplings are ready, they are steamed in a cage, and when they come out of the cage, the cooked vegetable oil is brushed evenly over the surface of the dumplings with a brush, and the work is done.
2, Ai (bǎn)
The Hakka people have an old saying, "Eat Ai (bǎn) around the time of the Qingming Festival, and you won't get sick all year round. Ai is a traditional snack for Hakka people during the Qingming Festival. The first step is to wash the fresh and tender mugwort, put it into a pot and cook it, then lift it up and drain it, and keep the water in which the mugwort was boiled as a reserve. Then the boiled mugwort will be chopped into grass mud, grass mud chopped the finer the more rotten the better. Mugwort mud chopped, with the water of cooking mugwort, plus glutinous rice flour and mix together into a ball. Then the prepared sesame seeds, brown beans, peanuts and other fillings into the dough, and then sealed and kneaded into a round, long and other shapes, into the pot of water steaming for 15-20 minutes can be removed from the oven.
3. Warm Mushroom Buns
Warm Mushroom Buns are a traditional specialty of Taining. The raw material of warm mushrooms is scientifically known as rat grass, also called Buddha's ear grass, locally known as warm mushroom grass. Every year on the eve of the Ching Ming Festival, the fields are full of sagebrush, which is hairy and tender, so it is a good time to pick it, and it is also a good season to make warm mushroom buns. In Taining, there are some differences between the northern and southern slices of warm mushroom buns. The southern piece of production, the use of freshly picked warm mushroom grass raw materials, shaped like a full moon, similar to the bun; the northern piece of warm mushroom powder production, shaped like a curved moon, more like dumplings. The southern piece of the general in the eve of the Qingming eat, the figure is fresh flavor, do not talk about too many rules.
4, deep-fried noodle cakes (sǎn)
There is a custom of eating deep-fried noodle cakes in Qingming Festival in the north and south of China. "Deep-fried noodle cake is a kind of deep-fried food, which is crispy and exquisite, and was called "cold food" in ancient times. The custom of forbidding fire and cold food on the cold food festival is no longer popular in most parts of China, but deep-fried noodle cakes related to this festival are y loved by the world. Now the deep-fried noodle cakes popular in the Han area have the difference between the north and the south: the northern deep-fried noodle cakes are generous and free, with wheat flour as the main material; the southern deep-fried noodle cakes are delicate and detailed, with rice flour as the main material.
5. Zi Push Bun
"Zi Push Bun", also known as "Old Bun", is similar to the helmet of the ancient military generals, weighing about 250-500 grams. It is filled with eggs or dates and has a top. The top is surrounded by a flower. The flower is a small bun molded in the shape of a swallow, a worm, a snake, a rabbit, or the Four Treasures of the Scholar's House. The round "Zi Pui Bun" is reserved for men. Married women eat the bar-shaped "pike bun", while unmarried girls eat the "bun bun". The children are served with Yan, Snake, Rabbit, Tiger and so on. The "big tiger" is exclusively for boys to eat, and it is also the most popular among them.
6, pancakes
Xiamen folk proverbs, "Qingming to eat pancakes," meaning that the Qingming Festival family after sweeping the tomb to get together to wrap pancakes to eat. Today, most places in southern Fujian still retain this custom. When the old Xiamen people rolled pancakes, they usually like to put some crispy seaweed, fried egg shreds, or smear a little hot sauce in the pancake skin, and then eat it while it is still hot and more flavorful. Which is wrapped in a variety of vegetables, heralding the agricultural seedlings will prosper, six animals thrive, some regions also believe that eating a rolled celery, leek pancakes, will make people more diligent (celery) labor, life is more long (leeks), the family business is more prosperous.
7, green onions and egg cakes
Qingming Festival, Qingdao, many people have to eat green onions and egg cakes, meaning smart and clever, this custom has continued to this day. In addition, some people in Qingdao area in the old days, they also have to pinch face flower, called "steam swallow", eat white chicken and eggs. This symbolizes the arrival of the little swallows and the arrival of the real spring. Qingming this morning, the whole family must eat eggs and white chicken, bright eyes and not sick, many students want to bring eggs to the teacher in order to show their admiration.
8, Park Seed Kuey Teow (guǒ)
To make Park Seed Kuey Teow, the leaves and fruits of the Park Seed Tree are first mashed, pounded with rice to make a powder, then fermented and then mixed with sugar, and then finally steamed with a ceramic model or a plum blossom model. Generally, there are two types of steamed rice kuey teow, the plum blossom type and the peach type, and there is also the bowl-fermented peach type. The steamed kuey teow is grass-green in color, with a big grin on its face, which always gives people a beautiful feeling of spring. They are light green in color and have a very sweet taste. It is said that eating them can relieve accumulated heat and remove diseases.
9, mustard rice
Ching Ming Festival, east of Fujian, both urban and rural, most have eaten mustard food custom. It is said that every year on February 2 ate with mustard and rice mixed cooking "mustard rice" can not grow scabies all year round. There are also in March 3, boiled loach noodles ancestor worship custom.
10, jujube cake
Jujube cake, also known as "Zi Push Cake", some places in the north of the fermentation of bad flour, folder jujube steamed. They are also accustomed to the date cake made of swallow-shaped, with willow string hanging on the door, can be cold food, in order to commemorate the noble qualities of the mediator push not to seek fame and fortune. Cake is cereal, cereal plus jujube, in line with the purpose of the spring nourishment to increase sweet, can increase the function of the spleen to limit the liver qi too much outward flare.
The origin of the Qingming Festival
Legend has it that during the Spring and Autumn Period, the Prince of Jin, Chong Er, went into exile to escape persecution. On the way to exile, in a deserted place, he was so tired and hungry that he could no longer stand up. After half a day of searching, he could not find anything to eat, and when everyone was very anxious, the minister Jie Zi Tui went to a secluded place, cut a piece of meat from his own thigh, and cooked a bowl of broth for the duke to drink, after which Chong Er gradually regained his spirit, and was moved to tears when he realized that the meat had been cut from his own thigh by Jie Zi Tui.
Nineteen years later, Chong Er became the king of the country, the historical Duke Wen of Jin. He rewarded all the ministers who had accompanied him into exile, but forgot about Jie Zitui. Many people were angry with Jie Zi Tui and urged him to face the king to ask for rewards, but Jie Zi Tui despised those who competed for rewards. He packed his clothes and went to Mianshan Mountain with his mother to live quietly.
When Duke Wen of Jin heard about this, he was so ashamed that he went to ask Jie Zi push in person, but Jie Zi push had already left his home and went to Mianshan Mountain. Mianshan Mountain is high and dangerous, dense trees, it is not easy to find two people, someone suggested a plan, from three sides of the fire Mianshan, forcing out Jie Zi push. The fire burned all over the Mianshan Mountain, but did not see the figure of Jie Zi push, after the fire went out, people realized that the back of his mother Jie Zi push has been sitting under an old willow tree died. Jin Wendong see, mournful. When the coffin, from the tree hole found a piece of lapel, written on it: "cut meat to serve the king's heart, but I hope that the Lord is always clear." In order to honor Jie Zi Tui, Duke Wen of Jin ordered that this day be designated as the Cold Food Festival.
The next year, Duke Wen of Jin led his ministers to climb the mountain to pay homage to the old willow tree and found that the old willow tree had risen from the dead, so he gave the old willow tree the name of "Qingming Willow", and informed the world that the day after the Cold Food Festival would be designated as the Qingming Festival.