Pests mainly include mites, thrips, whiteflies and caterpillars.
1, the harm of mites
Mites are one of the most important pests of eggplant, which occur all year round. Mites are divided into red spiders and white spiders, tea yellow mites and two-leaf mites, which mainly harm leaves and fruits, especially young leaves. The main symptoms of mite damage are yellow leaves, spider silk on the leaves, rough and dull fruit surface, and even fruit deformity.
Prevention is the main way to control harmful mites, and abamectin and pyridaben can be sprayed. If mite hazards have occurred, bifenazate, ethiuron, spirodiclofen, ethiprole, etc. It can be sprayed, and the effect of compound profenofos is better. Pay attention to the dosage of profenofos when compounding to prevent phytotoxicity.
2. The harm of thrips
Thrips are the most difficult pests to control on eggplant at present. It doesn't happen all year round, which mainly harms leaves and fruits. The back of leaves is smooth, the surface is green, the fruit stalk is rough, and the surface of fruit is rough, which affects the normal growth of fruit.
The control of thrips must be carried out in advance. Once the outbreak is difficult to eradicate, acetamiprid and thiamethoxam can be sprayed at ordinary times. If thrips are found to be harmful, emamectin benzoate microemulsion, chlorfenapyr, ethyl spinosad, spirotetramat, etc. Can be used for foliar spraying, if necessary, can be washed to make the insecticidal effect more thorough.
3. The harm of whitefly
Whitefly is also the main pest affecting eggplant, which mainly harms leaves, makes them yellow, loses photosynthesis and finally dries up, usually in late spring and summer and autumn.
The control of whitefly can be carried out by spraying imidacloprid and acetamiprid in advance. If whitefly damage has occurred, nitenpyram, dinotefuran and spirodiclofen can be used alternately to control whitefly.
Step 4 hurt the caterpillar
This insect mainly occurs in summer and autumn, which is very harmful to eggplant, mainly in leaves. Emamectin benzoate, chlorantraniliprole and indoxacarb can be used for control.
These are the main pests. When spraying, synergists such as silicone can be used, which can effectively improve the efficacy. Smoke agent can be used in conjunction with fumigation shed at night, and the control effect is more thorough.
Eggplant diseases mainly include gray mold, Fusarium wilt, leaf spot, leaf mold and so on:
1, botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinerea and Phytophthora blight are the most important diseases, which generally occur seriously at high humidity and low temperature, and mainly harm stems and fruits, especially fruits. Plants with serious diseases will be infected all over the plant, and gray mold and rot will appear in the diseased spots.
In view of this disease, we should first increase the temperature and reduce the humidity in the shed. We can spray procymidone and cymoxanil in advance to prevent it. If the disease has occurred, Kaiser, iprodione and fluazinam can be used to prevent it.
2. Leaf spot disease
Leaf spot mainly harms leaves. When it occurs, the leaves appear brown spots, and when it is serious, the whole leaves are dry.
To control leaf spot, pyraclostrobin and chlorothalonil can be sprayed in advance, and benomyl and bromothalonil can be sprayed if the disease has occurred.