Ramie is a perennial rooted herbaceous plant with two types of ramie: white-leaved ramie and green-leaved ramie. The Ramie that is grown on a large scale is the White Leaf Ramie.

Ramie stems are cylindrical, erect, green and hairy, and gradually turn brown at maturity. Leaves are simple, alternate, large leaves; mature leaves are green or yellowish green on the front side, some varieties have wrinkles, and the reverse side is densely intertwined with white hairs. Flowers are solitary, monoecious, inflorescences compound spikelike, male inflorescences are born in the middle and lower part of the stem, and female inflorescences are born in the tip. Ramie has a well-developed underground part, commonly known as root and stem or root and stem, consisting of underground stems and roots. The underground stems are located above the root and stem and can grow many buds, which extend out of the ground to form above-ground stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, and other organs. Ramie roots are divided into the main root, branch roots and fine roots, the main root and part of the branch roots expand, become a long fusiform fleshy roots, commonly known as radish roots, with the function of storing nutrients.