Variety selection:
1. 1 Ping Long seed superior line 79 1 leek, Longyan No.6, Ping Long No.10, Hansong Snow Allium, Sheguan Snow Allium and so on should be selected for winter protected cultivation.
1.2 Ping Long seed industry should be selected for winter and spring protected cultivation. Hongmei leek, Ping Long No.1, etc.
1.3 Application of Ping Long seed industry Ping Long Taijiuwang in the production of leek moss.
1.4 Ping Long seed industry No.1 should be selected to produce leek.
First, preparation before broadcasting. Dry seeds can be used for direct seeding (mainly spring sowing). You can also soak the seeds in warm water at 30-40℃ for 8- 12 hours, remove impurities and shriveled seeds, clean the mucus on the seeds, wrap them with wet cloth, put them in an environment of 15-20℃ to accelerate germination, rinse them with clean water 1-2 times a day, and sow 50% of the seeds when they show white tips (.
Second, soil preparation and fertilization
⑴ Soil preparation: Before sowing, the soil should be deeply ploughed below 20cm, combined with fertilization, raked carefully after ploughing and leveled for border cultivation. Ridge cultivation can be carried out in places where conditions permit, so as to facilitate drainage, or flat border cultivation can be carried out. ⑵ Fertilization: In combination with soil preparation, 5000-6000 kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 6 kg of urea, 0/0 kg of calcium superphosphate/kloc or compound fertilizer converted according to this ratio shall be applied per mu.
Third, sowing
(1) Sowing time: Sowing can be done at any time from the thawing of the soil to the autumnal equinox, generally from late March to early May, and it is advisable to sow in spring, rather than in summer. ⑵ Sowing amount: 4-5 kilograms should be planted per mu. Transplanting seedlings in the open field1.5-2kg. (3) Sowing method: Before sowing, part of the soil on the surface of the border should be removed (screened for covering the soil for sowing), and then it should be leveled with a shallow hoe. First, the bottom water should be poured once, about 3.3 cm deep, and then the water with a depth of about 3.3 cm should be poured after the water permeates. After the water permeates, the seeds are evenly sown, then covered with soil 1.5 cm, and leveled with a rake the next day to keep the topsoil loose and moist, which is beneficial to the germination and excavation of seeds. After sowing, cover with plastic film to conserve moisture. When more than 30% of the seeds emerge, remove the plastic film in time to prevent the seedlings from burning. If it is found that the seedlings are exposed and lodging, some moist soil should be added.
There are also "dry seeding methods". Dry seeding means that dry seeds without germination are directly seeded on the seedbed. According to the row spacing of10cm, make a small shallow ditch with a width of10cm and a depth of1.6cm on the sorted seedbed, then sprinkle seeds into the ditch, then gently level and compact the ditch with a broom, then water it once, and water it again after 2-3 days. Keep the soil moist before and after the seeds are unearthed.
Fourth, post-broadcast management
(1) Water topdressing: combine water topdressing with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer for 2-3 times, topdressing with 6-8kg urea per mu, and generally do not harvest before planting, so as to promote leek seedlings to grow roots, and reach the standard of strong seedlings when planting. (2) Standard for strong seedlings: generally, the seedling age is 80-90 days, the seedling height is 15-20 cm, and there is no disease or lodging per plant. ⑶ Weeding: Manually pull weeds in time after emergence to remove sick and disabled plants. Herbicides such as quizalofop-p-ethyl and Gaicaoneng can also be used to control monocotyledonous weeds, or 30% herbicide-controlled emulsifiable concentrate per mu100-150g and 50 kg of water can be sprayed on the border before emergence.
Five, colonization
(1) Planting time: Spring seedlings should be planted after the summer solstice, and summer seedlings should be planted around the summer heat. When planting, it is necessary to stagger the high humidity season, so it is not conducive to the slow growth of leek seedlings after planting. (2) Planting method: sprout leeks, cut short fibrous roots (only 2-3 cm) and cut short blade tips (leaf length 10 cm). Planting 7-10 seedlings per hole according to row spacing18-20cm and hole spacing10cm in the border is suitable for leek. Ditching according to row spacing of 30-36 cm, ditch depth of 16-20 cm, hole spacing of 16 cm, and planting 20-30 seedlings per hole, which is suitable for producing softened leeks, and the cultivation depth is suitable for burying tillering nodes.
VI. Field Management
1, temperature management: after the shed is sealed, keep it at 20-24℃ during the day and 12- 14℃ at night. When the plant height is more than10cm, keep 16-20℃ during the day, and let out fresh air and reduce humidity when the temperature in the shed exceeds 24℃. In winter, the heat preservation should be strengthened in small arch shed cultivation and kept above 6℃ at night.
2. Fertilizer and water management: After planting, when new roots and leaves appear, topdressing and watering can be carried out, and urea 10- 15 kg should be applied with water per mu, and the seedlings should be in the 4-leaf stage, so as to control water and prevent overgrowth, and strengthen intertillage and weeding. When tillering begins at the 6-leaf stage, the phenomenon of root jumping occurs (the tillering rhizome is on the upper part of the original rhizome). At this time, sand covering, soil pressing or ridging can be carried out to prevent the root system from exposing the soil surface. When the seedlings are 20 cm high, stop topdressing and watering for harvesting. After harvesting, topdressing fertilizer once every harvest 1 time. When the plant height reaches 10 cm after harvesting, combine with soil cultivation, apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and topdressing urea 8 kg per mu. When the weather turns cold, water should be stopped and frozen water should be poured once before freezing.