Fire Day Fire Day, also known as the fire worship festival. Trace the origin, it is mainly from the ancient Mongolian worship of fire. The Mongolian "fire worship song" sings:
On the eternal Ovoo,
burned the soaring fire.
Burn, eternal fire,
To have fire is to have life.
The Fire Ceremony was held on the evening of the 23rd day of the 12th lunar month. It is possible that it was influenced by the Han Chinese fire sacrifice on the twenty-third day of the lunar month. However, the custom of fire sacrifice has been practiced by Mongolians since ancient times, which is the prelude to the lunar year. Before the fire festival begins, the whole family goes to the courtyard (or in front of the fire pit or stove), and the chief celebrant (the elder of the family) first sets up offerings and burns incense. Then take 'bundles of firewood and light them. Butter, white wine, meat (beef and mutton) and other offerings are thrown into the fire, and the whole family kowtows to the fire under the leadership of the elders. The officiating priest also prays; thanks to the blessings of the Fire God during the year. Some unclean things were thrown into the fire, please forgive the God of Fire. (Blessing next year, the grain harvest, people and animals two prosperous, auspicious and happy.
New Year Ancient Mongolians put the Lunar New Year "Heath Gilead", that is, the New Year.
The New Year falls on the first day of the first month. Towards the end of the year, people are busy with the New Year. Whether agricultural or pastoral areas, to set up lantern poles. On the 30th day of the New Year, the courtyard should be cleaned well in the early morning. In front of the Buddha, the ancestors have to set up a small altar. Large pieces of boiled mutton are placed on the altar. Dairy products and fruit made of flour are also offered.
New Year's Eve to be held on the night of ancestor worship ceremony, since ancient times. The Yuan Shi? Sacrifices," the old rituals of the country; "every year in September and December 16th later, in the burning rice courtyard, with a horse, sheep three, horse bac weight, wine sweet, red woven silk and wrapped in silk each three horses, Mongolia, Mongolia, a member of the official, together with the Mongolian wizard (refers to the shaman - quoted), digging for the Can to prairie meat, and still with wine sweet, Horse bac heavy mixed baking. Wizard to the national language called tired dynasty imperial name and sacrifice." This is to think that the dead in the ground, so digging the ground and sacrifice.
This sacrifice is called "Hazaru?
This kind of sacrifice is called "Hazaru" and "Yitiru". The new translation of the brief note of the Mongolian secret history, Dao Run Tibu that this is the form of the royal sacrifice. The form of folk sacrifice is called "Tulie Food Company". The original meaning of the word "Tulie food" is fuel, i.e. firewood. "Tulie Food Company" refers to the Mongolian ancestor worship, bonfires, roasted meat, wine, rice, cloth and other things into the fire burned. This is burned things, that is, "the soil is strong food", so called "soil is strong food even", in the past, in the ancestor worship ceremony, but also forging iron activities. As mentioned earlier, the Mongolian people have an old legend of "Iron out of the mountain", which has been passed down from generation to generation. People see it as their own national origin of the legend. It is believed that it shows the heroism of the Mongolian people who defied difficulties and conquered nature. Therefore, whenever the New Year's Eve ancestor worship, always put the iron bar in the fire red. Put on the anvil or stone, forged with a hammer, the elders and to tell the story of "iron out of the mountain", so as to educate the children and grandchildren to inherit the national spirit of their ancestors to struggle. New Year's Eve lights all night long. Some also invited Mongolian folk artists to rap "Uligar" (i.e., Mongolian book). Young people also get together to sing folk songs. Or dance "Bugik" (dance). The girls who do not participate in singing and dancing get together to play "Shaha "1. People keep the New Year's Eve until midnight.
On the first day of the New Year, the whole family puts on holiday clothes and gathers in one hall (in the pastoral area, the whole family gathers in the yurt of the eldest) to celebrate the New Year. First of all, the number of generations of small, to the elders to pay tribute to the New Year, in turn, the younger generation kowtow, the younger generation, and loaded with cigarettes, wine, offering Hada. After the elders were saluted, they should express their blessings to their brothers, nephews, children and grandchildren:
As strong as a lion,
As bold as a tiger;
As plentiful as the Sumeru Sea,
As strong as the Sumeru Mountain;
As bright as the moon,
As glittering as the sun...
The first step is to pay homage to the elders, in order of precedence. ...
After the blessings are over, you have to give some gifts to the children, or give "New Year's money" to those children who are not yet financially independent.
As soon as the sun comes up, family members and friends begin to pay their respects to each other. Those who traveled long distances had to come on horseback or in a car. Knocking festival, New Year's Eve generally to the end of the first month before the fifteenth. But remote pastoral areas are often a long time until the production is busy.
In remote farming and herding areas, the sixteenth day of the first month of the morning, when the sun is not yet out, often play together, there is "playing black ink" (Harid) custom. That is, when the other snoring, secretly smeared black on his forehead. The coating is mostly ash, chili pepper.
Over the New Year, there is another custom inherited from ancient times, that is, if someone in the family went on a military expedition, the New Year's Eve, a day earlier than usual.
Ovoo Ovoo is a grand festival of the Mongolian people. Generally in the lunar calendar in July 13, electricity, some of the spring and fall of the selection of the mouth. According to the "Yuan Shi? Sacrifices," in the Yuan dynasty, every year on June 24, the emperor to - Budu (now the blue flag territory), the line sprinkled with the sacrifice of the horse's milk. The purpose of this trip, when the emperor to the summer grasslands over the sacrifice of Ovoo Festival, and summer fun; but the sacrifice of Ovoo, mainly folk festivals, sacrifices Ovoo, all the drop people (or the whole Tun people) are to participate in the sacrifice to eat meat porridge, held a grand wrestling, horse racing, archery competitions as the main content of the "Naadamu" (art) activities. (For details, see the book "Sports? Amusement" part)
Genghis Khan Festival Genghis Khan is the unification, development, revitalization of Mongolia's great characters. With his outstanding talent, he made the twelfth century on the Mongolian original, nearly a hundred tribes of different sizes, languages and cultures, united into a large Mongolian nation. He put an end to the situation of "attacking and robbing each other and making people live in peace". It shocked the world and promoted the development of social history. For a long time, the Mongolian nation has been worshipped as the "Holy Lord" of national development. Ancient times around the time of sacrifice varies, some in the lunar calendar April 16 (the legendary salivation day), some in the lunar calendar July 12 (jinxed day), some in the lunar calendar December 1 (united Mongolia, Dengtaihan big position day), there are also in the lunar calendar in March 21 (Spring Festival), May 15 (Summer Festival), September 12 (Autumn Festival), January 3 (Winter Festival). (See the Changchun City Library Reference Department collection of Japanese version of the Mongolian year in the act) after the liberation of Mongolia and other ethnic groups, the sacrifice has been gradually replaced by commemorative activities.
Dragon Boat Hunt Every year on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, Dragon Boat Festival, the Mongolian people have a special custom is to play a big circle. It is often larger than other hunting days, so in the eastern part of the region, some places even as the Mongolian "hunting".
The big circle, two or three times a year or three or five times. The date is mainly to take the agreed approach. But the May Dragon Boat Festival, is a fixed hunting activities. Legend has it that, a long time ago, there was a Mongolian tribes were attacked by the foreigners, because the Mongolian tribal members are out to play a big round, so that a revenge vendetta to be spared. Because this day is the lunar calendar May cut five, so from then on, every May 5, have to play a big siege, one is to call people to remember this incident, the second is also a kind of military maneuvers. Thus, the custom of the May 5th to fight the big round is also inherited. Another legend is: Genghis Khan is in May this day, due to hunting mounts frightened and disabled and died. Later, the fifth of May for the hunting day, to shoot the beasts, report the grace of the Holy Lord's favor. This traditional hunting day has been inherited until today.
A few days before the start of the big round, the human body agreed on the route of the roundup, the scope, elected the "Abinda". Abinda is the commander-in-chief of the fight. He is good at hunting in this area, but also respected, fair people.
The way to play the big round, there are generally two:
One is "Haraga Ab", that is, the door hunting. Mainly in the mountains, the hunters will hunt from the mountain pass to a ravine around.
The other is the "Hurriyen Ab", that is, hunting. This is in the plains. Because there is no ravine, in a circle of several dozen miles, from all sides to the center of the circle.
The beginning of the roundup, the hunters rode the best hunting horses, carrying a gun (or bow and arrow), the waist with a hunting knife, don't have a Bru (commonly known as "Taolalang", throw the beast with the inflection of a small stick), with packs of hounds, and some of the hounds are also wearing an embedded nail, red tassel neck pinch (to protect the hound's throat). Agricultural districts also drove large carts into the paddocks from different locations.
The big round to noon, the hunters three or five gathered, lit a bonfire, on the ground picnic. After the meal continue to hunt. In the afternoon, the hunt into the climax. This time the prey is very "thick". The hunters gradually meet in the paddock. This has become a place for comparing heroes and spreading miracles. Some old people took the opportunity to introduce the good hunters to each other and matchmaking. It is late in the day and people return to their gacha (village) with their hunted goods.
After the Dragon Boat Festival, the summer arrived, production was busy, the beasts also came to the breeding period, hunting activities are basically stopped.