The most common complications of diabetes are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, microvascular diseases, diabetic foot and diabetic nephropathy.
Different complications naturally have different "premonitions":
First, diabetes causes cardiovascular diseases.
Poor control of diabetes leads to systemic vascular injury, especially cardiac atherosclerosis, cardiovascular stenosis, coronary heart disease, angina pectoris and even myocardial infarction. When the degree of cardiovascular stenosis is aggravated, angina pectoris will appear. At this time, it will be manifested as chest pain, precordial pain, headache, toothache, chest tightness, sweating, back pain, tight throat, shoulder pain and so on. Coronary heart disease caused by diabetes is often a three-vessel disease, that is, the three major blood vessels of the heart will be severely narrowed, and it is often impossible to place stents and need bypass.
Second, diabetic cerebrovascular disease
Atherosclerosis caused by diabetes is systemic, harmful to carotid artery and cerebrovascular disease, leading to carotid artery stenosis plaque, cerebrovascular stenosis and even cerebral infarction. When severe cerebral blood supply deficiency or cerebral infarction occurs, it will be manifested as asymmetric strength of hands, mouth skew, walking skew, dizziness, headache, numbness of limbs, unclear pronunciation, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting or burping; Facial paralysis and tongue paralysis, hemianopia, choking cough when drinking water, dysphagia, etc.
Three, diabetic microangiopathy:
If blurred vision appears and becomes more and more serious, we should pay attention to diabetic retinopathy. The longer the course of the disease, the higher the probability, so diabetics need to check their fundus every six months. Examination of fundus, blurred vision, retinopathy and cataract are all microangiopathy complicated by diabetes. Pay attention to early detection and timely treatment.
Fourth, diabetic nephropathy.
Edema, eyelid, face and lower limbs edema, hypertension, proteinuria, a lot of foam urine, etc. When it happens, diabetic nephropathy should be suspected, and urine routine and renal function should be tested to determine whether diabetic nephropathy occurs.
Five, diabetic foot:
Blood sugar control is not good, blood vessels and nerves are damaged, limbs are not healed, and it is easy to fracture. Only after amputation can it be improved!
Six, diabetic neuropathy:
Limb numbness, sensory ataxia, cranial and spinal nerves can also be involved. Get up early can appear limb numbness or abnormal sensation, pay attention to medical treatment in time, and rule out other nervous system diseases.
These complications may occur independently or simultaneously. For diabetics, we can't wait for complications to attract our attention. Early detection, early treatment and early control are required. Only when long-term blood sugar is at an ideal safe level can complications be avoided.