Reproduce into new plants.
Second, tuber analysis of potato,
1. Potato tubers have bud eyes, that is, "nodes". When sowing, they can be cut into pieces in the unit of bud eyes. As long as they have bud eyes, they can reproduce asexually after sowing.
Reproduce into new plants. Potatoes and potatoes are nicknames for potatoes.
2. Most of the organs that store nutrients in potato tubers are hidden underground. The difference is that, except whether there are nodes or not, how many new plants can be produced by a tuber, and the germination method is different.
3. Potato tuber is an underground special-shaped stem. The end of the underground stem forms an enlarged irregular block, which is a metamorphosed stem suitable for storing nutrients and wintering. The top is hypertrophy, the parenchyma is developed, and rich nutrients are stored.
4. There are many bud eyes on the surface of tuber, which are generally arranged in a spiral shape. There are 2 ~ 3 axillary buds in the bud eye, and only one axillary bud can germinate easily and grow new branches, so tuber can be used for propagation. A tuber, such as a potato tuber, has a terminal bud at the top. The underground branches of potatoes crawl in the soil layer, and when they extend 9 ~ 12 cm, the ends swell and form thick tubers with short internodes.
5. On the growing tuber, there is periderm on the surface and a few lenticels on it. On the cross section of tuber, it can be divided into cortex, outer phloem, xylem, inner phloem and central pith. From the appearance or structure, it can be explained that it is an abnormal situation of terrier.
Third, reproduction:
When tuber is used for asexual propagation, seed potato can germinate and grow at soil temperature of 5 ~ 8℃, and the optimum temperature is 15 ~ 20℃. The suitable temperature for the growth and flowering of plant stems and leaves is 16 ~ 22℃. The optimum temperature for tuber formation at night is 10 ~ 13℃ (soil temperature is 16 ~ 18℃), and it forms slowly when it is higher than 20℃. When the temperature drops to -2℃, it will be frozen.
Fourthly, the diagnosis and prevention of tuber diseases.
1, diagnosis
The whole process of potato production, storage and sale has a thorough inspection. The leaves of plants with viral diseases are dark green, shriveled and short.
2. Use disease-free potato blocks for prevention and control, and try to use whole potato cultivation to avoid the spread of germs.