peony
In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Yuxi said in a poem: "The peony demon in front of the court is unqualified, and the lotus on the pond is pure and heartless. Only peony is the real national color, and capital moves when flowers bloom. " In the late Qing Dynasty, peony was once regarded as the national flower of China. 65438+May 0985 Peony was rated as two of the top ten famous flowers in China. It is a rare woody flower unique to China, with thousands of years of natural growth and 1500 years of artificial cultivation history. It is widely cultivated in China and has been introduced all over the world. Peony is known as the king of flowers.
The habit of peony is 1. Peony leaves only in winter, not dead branches. Peony likes the sun, but doesn't like the sun. 2. The base fertilizer for cultivating peony must be sufficient. Peony is suitable for loose and fertile soil layer and deep loam, and peony should be dry and not wet. 3. The hot and humid weather in the south is extremely unfavorable to the growth of peony, but as long as we grasp the above points; This is not impossible. 4. In the first year, peonies generally don't bloom, when there was sufficient fertilizer; It will bloom in 2-3 years.
Method of raising peony indoors
Before potted peony, the seedlings should be dug out and aired 1 to 2 days to make the roots dehydrated and soft, which is convenient for pruning and planting. Before planting, put the flowerpot into the pool to absorb enough water. When planting, first put tiles on the drainage holes at the bottom of the basin to prevent soil leakage; Then lay pebbles or waste brown rope with a thickness of 2 to 5 cm, which is easy to drain. Prune peony seedlings before planting, so that the above-ground and underground parts are balanced, the shape is beautiful and generous, and it is convenient for cultivation management. Cut off dead branches, dead leaves and excessively long roots, and disinfect the roots with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5~ 10 minutes. Then, put the seedlings in the center of the pot for planting, and compact them by hand while planting until they are 3 to 5 cm away from the upper edge of the pot. After potted, the pot surface can be matched with plants such as Taihu stone, quartz stone, bamboo shoots, peony, etc., which not only increases the beauty of potted peony, but also makes the pot surface full of green, full of vitality, and can also play the role of moisturizing and heat preservation.
operate
(1) water. Potted plants must be watered in time to maintain the normal water demand of peony because of their small capacity, little soil and limited water holding capacity. Water 1 time immediately after planting, and then water 1 time every 3~4 days to keep the soil moist. If the soil is too wet. It is easy to make the branches and leaves white and long, too wet or stagnant for a long time will rot the roots. Especially in summer and autumn, we should control the humidity of the basin soil, do not dry it, and do not water it. Too wet buds flourish in autumn and do not bloom in the following spring.
(2) fertilization. The nutrients in the basin soil are limited, and only timely topdressing can ensure the normal growth and development of peony. Top dressing can be started in the next spring, and sesame seeds, peanuts and bean cakes can be used after fermentation. When watering, water 1~2 times a week during the growing period. Water 1 time per day before and during flowering. After the flowers wither, they should be cultivated for foliar spraying, and no topdressing is needed during winter dormancy.
Peony can be cultivated in the open field or potted for viewing. The best planting season is September -65438+ 10. Potted peony should choose varieties with strong adaptability, early flowering and good flower pattern, such as Luoyanghong, Hong Hu and Zhao Fen. Plants should choose peony as rootstock, 3-4-year-old peony or 3-5 branch seedlings.
Illumination temperature
Boiled peony is native to Hebei and Northeast China. It likes semi-shady environment with sufficient scattered light, so it is relatively cold-resistant, but it is afraid of heat and high temperature and strong light. Therefore, it should be placed under the big tree in the courtyard, under the grape trellis, on the shady side of high-rise buildings, or on the balcony facing east or north. During the dormant period in summer, it should be placed in a well-ventilated and cool place without direct light, and often sprinkle water on the nearby ground to improve the air humidity and reduce the temperature.
At this stage, the skills of raising peony flowers indoors (1), adequate water and fertilizer, diligent cultivation and pest control (1), the plants are thriving, and the demand for water, fertilizer and nutrition is comprehensive, so it is necessary to irrigate in time and maintain moderate water content. (2) Diligent tillage should weed and loosen the soil to promote root development. (3) Spraying targeted drugs and adding a new type of high-fat film can greatly improve the utilization rate of effective components of pesticides and fertilizers, and it is not afraid of sun evaporation, and can adjust the water absorption and prevent drought and rain. 2, plastic pruning (1) cut off the extra branches and bad leaves, according to the natural growth of the tree and the tree you want to cut. (2) The wound antiseptic film can be directly used for cutting and sawing wounds, and can quickly form a tough soft film to cling to wood to protect the growth of wound healing tissue. (3) It is also necessary to prevent the infection of rot germs, soil and rain pollution, freezing and wound cracking.
Misunderstanding of Peony Management Misunderstanding 1: Watering is too late.
In spring, the temperature rises rapidly, but it is extremely unstable. Watering in early spring can effectively reduce the ground temperature, delay the germination of plants and avoid the harm of late frost and cold in spring. But watering too late will not only prevent cold and frost, but also affect the quality of flowering. Therefore, watering should be done sooner rather than later, and sufficient water should be poured thoroughly, with no water on the soil surface as the degree. In addition, it should be mentioned that watering should be controlled in the full flowering period of peony, otherwise it will shorten the flowering period and make the flowers wither prematurely.
Myth 2: Improper pruning
Pruning peony is very important. Improper pruning will affect the growth of peony. One way to prune peony is to cut all the new buds from the soil. You can keep them if you plan to use them as regeneration branches or crown branches. This is commonly known as "peony pedicure". If these foot buds are preserved, they will consume a lot of nutrients during the lignification process, which will affect the quality of flowering and the differentiation of summer flower buds. Another pruning is thinning too many buds, leaving only one bud per branch. If the terminal bud is not as strong as the lateral bud, it is necessary to thin the terminal bud and keep the lateral bud. The nutrients of plants are limited. The more buds there are, the less nutrients each bud can get. The smaller the flower, the shorter the life span of a single flower, and the more likely it is to have deformed flowers.
Myth 3: Lack of fertilizer after flowering
Peony is generally fertilized three times a year, that is, after autumn, before flowering in early spring and after flowering in mid-spring. In fact, this fertilization is very important, which directly affects the growth and flower bud differentiation of peony. Although fertilizer is applied before flowering, nutrients are consumed after flowering. No topdressing at this time will affect the future growth of the plant, leading to a decline in growth and flower bud differentiation. Within half a month after the flowers wither, apply a compound fertilizer mainly composed of phosphate fertilizer, or apply some decomposed and fermented farmyard manure appropriately. If plants grow poorly after flowering, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be used for foliar topdressing, which can make plants grow vigorously.
Myth 4: Flowering exposure
Peony likes light but avoids exposure to the sun. At the beginning of May, when the peony was in full bloom, the light in North China was already very strong, so it needed proper shading. If the sun exposure is too high, it will not only shorten the flowering period of peony, but also make the blooming flowers lose their luster, thus reducing the ornamental value. That's why people always complain that the peony flower period is too short. When peony blooms in North China, it is exposed to natural light before 9: 00 a.m. and after 5: 00 p.m., which can not only make the blooming flowers big and bright, but also effectively avoid the problems of leaf sunburn and edge scorching.