Ginger is propagated asexually without seeds, so it has no taproot and belongs to a shallow root crop. After planting ginger, several adventitious roots appeared from the stem of the bud and several small lateral roots appeared on it. After entering the vigorous growth period, several fleshy roots can also occur on ginger and ginger, and these fleshy roots also have certain absorption ability. Ginger stems are divided into aboveground stems and underground stems.
Above-ground stem The aboveground stems of ginger stand upright, with a height of 60 cm-100 cm. Some varieties of aboveground stems have few branches and thick stems, which are called sparse seedling type, while others have many branches and thin stems, which are called dense seedling type.
Underground stem. The underground stem of ginger is called rhizome, which is not only a product organ, but also a reproductive organ. The formation process of rhizome is: when the ginger germinates and emerges, it gradually grows into the main stem. With the growth of the main stem, the base of the main stem gradually expands, forming a small rhizome, usually called "ginger mother". The axillary buds on both sides of ginger can continue to sprout 2-4 Jiang Miao, that is, primary branches, and its base gradually expands to form a primary ginger block, which is called ginger. The lateral buds on Zingiber officinale continue to germinate, and new seedlings are produced, which is the second branch, and its base expands to form a secondary ginger block, which is called Sun Ginger. The third, fourth and fifth ginger lumps continue to occur until the harvest, and a complete rhizome composed of ginger mother and ginger is formed. In general, the more branches there are in the aboveground part of ginger, the more ginger pieces there are in the underground part, and the bigger the ginger pieces, the higher the yield. Ginger leaves are lanceolate and alternate. There is a leathery leaf sheath under the leaves to wrap the stem, and there is a hole at the joint between the leaves and the leaf sheath, from which the new leaves are drawn out.
In the middle, southeast and southwest of China, Xianfeng Huolong Laifeng, Tongshan, Yangxin, Echeng, Xianning and Daye provinces are widely cultivated. It is also commonly cultivated in tropical Asia.
Rhizomes are used for medicine, and fresh or dried products can be used as cooking ingredients or made into pickles and sugar ginger. Aromatic oil can be extracted from stems, leaves and rhizomes, which can be used in food, beverage and cosmetics.
Characteristics: It blooms in autumn and has small yellow flowers, which are shaped like chrysanthemums. It is generally propagated by tubers in production. Its underground tubers are rich in fructose polymers such as starch and inulin, which can be eaten, cooked or porridge, pickled pickles, dried Jerusalem artichoke, or used as raw materials for making starch and alcohol.
Three slices of ginger in the morning are more pungent and warm than drinking Shentang, and contain gingerol and other active ingredients. Eating some ginger can strengthen the spleen and warm the stomach, paving the way for the digestion and absorption of food in a day, and the volatile oil in ginger can speed up blood circulation, excite nerves and make the whole body warm.
Reducing blood sugar and quenching thirst: it has the function of lowering blood sugar, promoting sugar decomposition, transforming excess sugar into heat, and improving fat balance in the body. Ginger can regulate blood sugar in two directions, that is, on the one hand, it can reduce blood sugar in diabetic patients, on the other hand, it can increase blood sugar in hypoglycemia patients. Studies have shown that galangal contains a substance with a structure very similar to that of endogenous insulin in human pancreas. When urine sugar appears, eating galangal can control urine sugar, indicating that it can lower blood sugar. When people have hypoglycemia, they can also be relieved after eating ginger.
Ginger is a common cooking auxiliary material, which is divided into three types: ginger, dried ginger and processed ginger. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, ginger can be used as soup, juice or seasoning. Its medicinal properties are as follows: dispersing wind-cold, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, warming and stopping vomiting, detoxifying, etc., and it is often used to treat exogenous wind-cold and stomach-cold vomiting. However, Chinese medicine experts pointed out that eating ginger for health care should pay attention to different diseases and personal physical characteristics, and cannot be generalized.
Efficacy of the Jerusalem artichoke tree: The aboveground stems of Jerusalem artichoke can also be added with working feed. Its tubers or stems and leaves have the effects of promoting diuresis, removing dampness, clearing heat and cooling blood, benefiting stomach and harmonizing middle energizer. Planting near the house has the function of beautification.
Ginger is native to the tropical region of Southeast Asia, and likes warm and humid climate. Its cold resistance and drought resistance are weak, and its plants can only grow in frost-free period. The optimum temperature for growth is 25-28℃, and when the temperature is lower than 20℃, it will germinate slowly, and the plants will wither in case of frost, and the roots will lose their germination ability completely.
Ginger is widely cultivated in central, southeast and southwest China, and in Xianfeng, Tongshan, Yangxin, Echeng, Xianning and Daye provinces. The ginger produced in Anqiu, Changyi, Laiwu and Dazeshan, Pingdu, Shandong Province is especially famous. It is also commonly cultivated in tropical Asia.
Medical efficacy: diuresis and dehumidification, clearing away heat and cooling blood, benefiting stomach and harmonizing middle energizer, and reducing swelling; Indications: intestinal heat bleeding; Injury from falls; Fracture swelling and pain, rhizome mashing and external application to treat unknown swelling and mumps. External application of mashed rhizome to treat unknown swelling and mumps. Suitable for diabetics, edema and dysuria.
Cooling, sweating, refreshing and refreshing
Ginger has the function of sweating and relieving exterior syndrome. After eating, it will make human body fever and blood vessels dilate, thus accelerating blood circulation, promoting pores to open, taking away excess heat in the body, and playing the role of cooling, sweating and refreshing. Ginger is warm and spicy, and has the functions of expelling cold, sweating and reducing fever. It is suitable for cold, fever and runny nose.
Promote digestion and stop vomiting.
Aroma stimulation of ginger can promote the secretion of digestive juice and help digestion. The ingredients such as zingerone and zingerone can increase the peristalsis of the intestine and effectively stop flatulence. At the same time, it has the functions of warming the middle warmer, lowering qi and stopping vomiting, which can relieve nausea and vomiting, abdominal distension and acid regurgitation, loss of appetite, etc. It can also warm the spleen and lungs, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough, and assist in treating cough with excessive phlegm.
Chinese medicine believes that ginger is a product that helps yang, so since ancient times, Chinese medicine has always said that "a man can't live without ginger for a hundred days." Ginger has the functions of accelerating human metabolism and dredging meridians. Therefore, ginger is often used for male health care, which can help yang and has a certain therapeutic effect on impotence due to kidney deficiency. If men often feel cold stomach and loss of appetite, they can often take fresh ginger slices to stimulate gastric juice secretion and promote digestion. Dried ginger warms the middle warmer to dispel cold, strengthens stomach and promotes blood circulation, and Lycium barbarum nourishes liver and kidney, which is beneficial to eyesight. Combined with eating, it can treat impotence, chills, lumbago, soreness of waist and knees, burnout and so on caused by kidney-yang deficiency.
Relieve a cold
As the saying goes, "there is ginger in winter, which is not afraid of wind and frost". In the early stage of a cold, you can boil a big bowl of ginger soup. After drinking it while it is hot, cover the quilt and sleep, sweating all over, which will help you recover from a cold. This is because ginger contains gingerol, gingerol, phellandrene, gingerol and other ingredients with anti-inflammatory, heat dissipation, sweating and other effects, which can effectively relieve cold symptoms such as runny nose.
When postpartum women are confined to the moon, the meal is accompanied by ginger vinegar, which is beneficial to physical recovery and feeding the baby. In addition, Jiang Shui bath can also prevent rheumatism headache. In particular, it is unscientific for lying-in women not to wash their hair for a month in hot summer, which is not only unsanitary, but also may cause skin inflammation and prickly heat. Maternal women can try to wash their hair and take a bath with ginger boiling water, or even wash their faces and hands, because ginger can drive away the cold, and bathing with ginger boiling water can prevent rheumatism and migraine.
Although ginger has many functions and functions, because of its pungent nature, in the words of traditional Chinese medicine, it is easy to consume pneumatic blood and hurt yin to help fire. Therefore, the constitution belongs to yin deficiency and internal heat, and people with ulcers and sores should not eat ginger. In addition, because pregnant women are hot, especially don't eat ginger. In addition, the ingredients of ginger are also taboo. Ginger should not be eaten with dog meat, which may easily lead to excessive internal heat: it should not be eaten with liquor, which may easily hurt the stomach; It is not suitable to eat with horse meat, which may easily lead to dysentery.