1. The original text and translation of "Historical Records of Confucius' Family"

Confucius then went to Weiguo and stayed with his wife's brother Yan Zhuo and Zou's family in Zilu.

Duke Linggong of Wei asked Confucius: "How much salary do you get in the state of Lu?" Confucius replied: "The salary is 60,000 yuan in grain." The people of Wei also sent 60,000 yuan in grain.

Not long after, someone spoke ill of Confucius to Duke Ling of Wei. Duke Linggong of Wei sent his official Gongsun Yujia to visit Confucius' residence frequently.

Confucius was afraid of offending Duke Ling of Wei, so he stayed there for ten months and left Wei State. Confucius planned to go to Chen State and passed through Kuangyi. Yan Ke was the driver, and pointed it to Confucius with the whip in his hand, and said: "In the past, I entered this place through that gap."

When the Kuang people heard that someone was coming, they thought it was the Yang of Lu State. Tiger. Yang Hu once killed the people of Kuang, so the people of Kuang left Confucius behind. Confucius looked like Yang Hu and was detained in Kuang for five days.

Yan Yuan fell behind. (After seeing him) Confucius said: "I thought you were dead." Yan Yuan said: "You are still alive, how dare I die!" Kuang people detained him. Confucius, the situation is becoming more and more urgent, and the disciples are afraid.

Confucius said: "After the death of King Wen of Zhou, didn't the culture of the Zhou Dynasty belong to me? God intends to destroy the culture of the Zhou Dynasty, and I, a later person, should not master the culture of the Zhou Dynasty. God does not want to Destroy the culture of the Zhou Dynasty, what can the Kuang people do to me!" Confucius sent his disciples to Weiguo to serve as Ning Wuzi's retainers, and then he was able to leave.

Confucius left Kuangyi and immediately passed by Puyi. More than a month later, he returned to Weidu and stayed at Zang Boyu's house.

Duke Linggong of Wei had a wife named Nanzi. Duke Linggong sent someone to say to Confucius: "Gentlemen from all over the world who do not think it is humiliating to become brothers with a widower will definitely meet my wife. My wife hopes See you."

Confucius declined, and finally had to pay a visit to Nanzi. The lady is in the fine Ge curtain.

Confucius entered the door and bowed his head facing north. His wife bowed twice from the curtain, and the jade on her body jingled. Confucius said: "I didn't want to see her originally, but now that I have seen her, I will respond politely."

Zilu was not happy. Confucius swore: "If I am not what I said, I will let God reject me! God will reject me!" After living in Weidu for more than a month, (one day) Duke Ling of Wei and his wife were riding in the same car, and the eunuch Yong Qu served as a guard for the right chariot when he went out to visit the palace, and asked Confucius to ride in the second chariot and parade through the city.

Confucius said: "I don't see him loving virtue as much as he loves women." So he hated Wei Linggong, left Wei State, and passed through Cao State.

In this year, Lu Dinggong passed away. Confucius left the State of Cao and went to the State of Song, where he practiced etiquette with his disciples under a big tree.

Sima Huan of the Song Dynasty wanted to kill Confucius and uprooted the big tree. Confucius left that place.

The disciple said: "You can leave quickly." Confucius said: "God has given me virtue.

What can Huan Yu do to me?" Confucius went to Zheng State, Confucius and his disciples lost each other, and Confucius stood alone at the east gate of the outer city. A man from Zheng said to Zigong: "There is a man in the east gate. His forehead is like Tang Yao, his neck is like Gaotao, and his shoulders are like Zichan. However, from the waist down, he is three inches worse than Xia Yu. He is thin and tired. He looked like a bereaved dog."

Zigong told Confucius the truth. Confucius smiled happily and said, "The shape he mentioned must come true.

But he said I look like a bereaved dog, yes! Yes!" Confucius then arrived in the state of Chen and stayed at Sadako's house in Sicheng. A falcon fell in the courtyard of Duke Hua Chen and died. The arrow shaft of a wooden arrow penetrated the body. The arrowhead was made of stone and the length of the arrow was one foot and eight inches.

Chen Mingong sent someone to ask Confucius. Confucius said: "The place where the falcon flew is very far away. This is the arrow of the Sushen tribe.

In the past, King Wu of Zhou conquered the Shang Dynasty and opened up roads with the barbarian tribes in the four directions, so that they could control the land there. The Sushen tribe sent them local specialties as tribute, so that they would not forget their duties. So the Sushen tribe paid tribute with wooden arrow shafts and stone arrowheads, and the arrows were one foot and eight inches long.

In order to demonstrate his virtue, the late king gave the eldest daughter Daji the arrows that Su Shen paid tribute to. He also betrothed Daji to Duke Yu and granted Duke Yu Hu the title of Chen. Giving treasures and jades to princes with the same surname is to promote and deepen the relationship between kin; giving tributes from far away to princes with different surnames so that they will not forget their obligations, so Su Shen's arrows are given to Chen Guo. ”

Chen Minggong tried to send people to search for it in the old warehouse, and he really got this kind of arrow. Confucius lived in Chen State for three years, and when Jin and Chu were fighting for hegemony, they took turns attacking Chen. The state of Wu also invaded the state of Chen, and the state of Chen was often plundered. Confucius said: "Go back! Go back! The boys from my hometown were ambitious and worked hard without losing sight of their original intentions. "So Confucius left the state of Chen.

When passing through Pucheng, he encountered the Weiguo official Gongsun who occupied Pucheng and rebelled. The Pucheng people detained Confucius. There was a disciple named Gong Liangru who followed him with five private cars. Confucius.

He was a wise man and had courage and strength. He said to Confucius: "I was in danger with you in Kuang in the past, and now I am in danger here. This is my fate. I am in trouble with you again and would rather fight to death. "

The fight was very fierce. The people of Pucheng were frightened and said to Confucius: "If you don't go to defend the capital, we will let you go." Confucius made an oath with them, and the people of Pucheng released Confucius from the east gate.

Confucius then went to Weidu and said, "Can the oath be broken? Confucius said: "This is a threat to make an oath, and God will not pay attention to it." "

When Duke Linggong of Wei heard that Confucius was coming, he liked it very much and went to the outskirts to greet him. Duke Linggong of Wei asked: "Can Pupei be attacked? Confucius replied: "Yes." "

Wei Linggong said: "My doctor thinks it is not possible. Nowadays, Pu Yi is a barrier used by the Wei State to defend the Jin and Chu States. I'm afraid it won't work to use the Wei State army to attack Pu, right? Confucius said: "The men there have the ambition to fight to the death, and the women there have the ambition to defend Xihe."

The rebels we want to defeat are only four or five people. "Wei Linggong said: "Okay. "

However, Pucheng was not attacked. Duke Linggong of Wei was old and lazy in governing, so he did not appoint Confucius.

Confucius sighed deeply and said, "If someone If you use me, it only takes one year, and you will see great results in three years. " Confucius left on the road.

Fogui of Jin State was appointed as the governor of Zhongmou. Zhao Jianzi led troops to attack the Fan family and Zhonghang family, and attacked Zhongmou.

Fogui rebelled against Zhao Jianzi and sent people to summon him. Invite Confucius. Zilu said: "I heard you say something like this: 'A gentleman will not join that person who is doing bad things.

'Now that Buddha has occupied Zhongmou and rebelled, you plan to go there. How to explain it? Confucius said: "I have said this." But isn't it said that it is hard, no matter how hard it is sharpened? 2. The original text and translation of "Historical Records of Confucius' Family"

Confucius then went to Weiguo and stayed with his wife's brother Yan Zhuozou's family in Zilu.

Duke Linggong of Wei asked Confucius: "How much salary do you get in the state of Lu?" Confucius replied: "The salary is 60,000 yuan in grain." The people of Wei also sent 60,000 yuan in grain.

Not long after, someone spoke ill of Confucius to Duke Ling of Wei. Duke Linggong of Wei sent his official Gongsun Yujia to visit Confucius' residence frequently.

Confucius was afraid of offending Duke Ling of Wei, so he stayed in Wei for ten months and left Wei. Confucius planned to go to Chen and passed through Kuangyi. Yan Ke was the driver, and pointed it to Confucius with the whip in his hand, and said: "In the past, I entered this place through that gap."

When the Kuang people heard that someone was coming, they thought it was the Yang of Lu State. Tiger. Yang Hu once killed the people of Kuang, so the people of Kuang left Confucius behind. Confucius looked like Yang Hu and was detained in Kuang for five days.

Yan Yuan fell behind, and (after seeing him) Confucius said: "I thought you were dead." Yan Yuan said: "How dare I die when you are still alive!" Kuang people detained Confucius, and the situation became more and more urgent. , the disciples were frightened.

Confucius said: "After the death of King Wen of Zhou, didn't the culture of the Zhou Dynasty belong to me? God intends to destroy the culture of the Zhou Dynasty, and I, a later generation, should not master the culture of the Zhou Dynasty.

God does not want to destroy the culture of the Zhou Dynasty, what can the Kuang people do to me! "Confucius sent his disciples to the capital of Wei to serve as Ning Wuzi's retainers, and then he was able to leave.

Confucius left Kuangyi and immediately passed through Puyi. More than a month later, he returned to Weidu and stayed at Zang Boyu's house. .

Duke Linggong of Wei had a wife named Nanzi. Duke Linggong sent someone to say to Confucius: "Gentlemen from all over the world who do not think it is humiliating to become brothers with me will definitely meet my wife. My lady wishes to see you. ”

Confucius declined, and finally had to pay a visit to Nanzi. His wife was inside the fine Ge curtain.

Confucius entered the door and bowed his head facing north. His wife came from the curtain. Zhongxing bowed twice, and the jade on his body jingled. Confucius said: "I didn't want to see her at first, but now that I have seen her, I will respond with courtesy. "

Zilu was not happy. Confucius swore: "If I am not what I said, I will let God reject me! God has rejected me! "After living in Weidu for more than a month, (one day) Duke Linggong of Wei and his wife rode in a car together. The eunuch Yongqu served as the guard on the right side of the car. They went out to visit the palace and asked Confucius to take the second car and swagger through the city.

Confucius said: "I don't see him loving virtue as much as he loves women. " So he disliked Duke Ling of Wei, left Wei, and passed through Cao.

In this year, Duke Dingg of Lu passed away. Confucius left Cao and went to Song, where he practiced etiquette with his disciples under a big tree.

Sima Huan of the Song Dynasty wanted to kill Confucius and uprooted the big tree.

Confucius said: "You can leave quickly. Confucius said: "God gave me virtue."

What can Huan Yu do to me? " Confucius went to Zheng State, and his disciples lost each other. Confucius stood alone at the east gate of the outer city. A Zheng man said to Zigong: "There is a man at the east gate. His forehead is like Tang Yao, and his neck is like Gao Tao. His shoulders were like those of Zi Chan, but from the waist down he was three inches smaller than Xia Yu's. His skinny and tired appearance was like that of a bereaved dog. "

Zigong told Confucius the truth. Confucius smiled happily and said, "The shape he said will definitely come true.

But you say I look like a lost dog, yes! yes! " Confucius then arrived in the State of Chen and stayed at Sadako's house in Sicheng. A falcon fell in the courtyard of Duke Hua of Chen and died. The wooden arrow shaft penetrated his body. The arrowhead was made of stone and the arrow was one foot and eight inches long.

Chen Mingong sent someone to ask Confucius. Confucius said: "The falcon flew very far away, and it was an arrow from the Sushen tribe.

In the past, King Wu of Zhou conquered the Shang Dynasty and opened up roads with barbarian tribes from all over the world, allowing them to send local specialties as tribute, so that they would not forget their respective obligations. So the Sushen tribe paid tribute with wooden arrow shafts and stone arrowheads, and the arrows were one foot and eight inches long.

In order to demonstrate his virtue, the late king gave the eldest daughter Daji the arrows that Su Shen paid tribute to. He also betrothed Daji to Duke Yu and granted Duke Yu Hu the title of Chen. Giving treasures and jades to princes with the same surname is to promote and deepen the relationship between kin; giving tributes from far away to princes with different surnames so that they will not forget their obligations, so Su Shen's arrows are given to Chen Guo. ”

Chen Minggong tried to send people to search for it in the old warehouse, and he really got this kind of arrow. Confucius lived in Chen State for three years, and when Jin and Chu were fighting for hegemony, they took turns attacking Chen. The state of Wu also invaded the state of Chen, and the state of Chen was often plundered. Confucius said: "Go back! Go back! The boys from my hometown were ambitious and worked hard without losing sight of their original intentions. " So Confucius left the state of Chen.

When passing through Pucheng, he encountered the Weiguo official Gongsun who occupied Pucheng and rebelled. The Pucheng people detained Confucius. There was a disciple named Gong Liangru who followed him with five private cars. Confucius.

He was a wise man and had courage and strength. He said to Confucius: "I was in danger with you in Kuang in the past, and now I am in danger here. This is my fate. I am in trouble with you again and would rather fight to death. "

The fight was very fierce. The people of Pucheng were frightened and said to Confucius: "If you don't go to defend the capital, we will let you go." Confucius made an oath with them, and the people of Pucheng released Confucius from the east gate.

Confucius then went to Weidu.

Zigong said: "Can an oath be broken?" Confucius said: "This is an oath made under threat. God will not pay attention to it."

When Duke Linggong of Wei heard that Confucius was coming, he liked it very much. Welcome to the countryside. Duke Linggong of Wei asked: "Can Puzhen be attacked?" Confucius replied: "Yes."

Duke Linggong of Wei said: "My doctor thinks it is not possible. Nowadays, Puzhen is used by the state of Wei. It is impossible to defend the barriers of Jin and Chu and use the Wei army to attack Pu. Confucius said: "The men there have the ambition to fight to the death, and the women have the ambition to defend Xihe." There are only four or five rebels to be attacked. "Wei Linggong said: "Okay." However, he did not attack Puyi. Duke Linggong of Wei was old and lazy in governing, so he did not appoint Confucius.

Confucius sighed longly and said, "If someone hires me, it will only take one year, and it will achieve great results in three years." Confucius left on the road.

In the Jin Dynasty, Buddha was appointed as the Prime Minister of Zhongmou City. Zhao Jianzi led troops to attack the Fan family and the Zhonghang family, and attacked Zhongmou.

Fogui rebelled against Zhao Jianzi and sent someone to summon Confucius. Zilu said: "I heard you say something like this: 'That person himself is doing bad things, and a gentleman will not join him.

'Now that Fogui has occupied Zhongmou and rebelled, you plan to "Go, how to explain it?" Confucius said: "I said this, but it doesn't matter no matter how hard you try. 3. The full text of "The Family of Confucius" in Historical Records

His ancestor was from the Song Dynasty, and his name was Uncle Kongfang. Uncle Kongfang gave birth to Uncle Lianghe, and Uncle Lianghe and Yan's daughter gave birth to Confucius. Ni Qiu prayed and got Confucius. Confucius was born in the 22nd year of Lu Xianggong. Confucius was born with a hollow in the middle of his head, so he was named Qiu, his given name was Zhongni, and his surname was Kong.

Taishi. The Duke said: "The Book of Songs" has this saying: "The majestic mountains make people look up, and the wide roads make people walk." "Although I cannot go back to the time of Confucius, I yearn for it very much in my heart. When I read Confucius's books, I can imagine what he was like. I went to Lu and saw Zhongni's ancestral temple halls, vehicles, clothing, ritual instruments, and Confucian scholars. I practiced etiquette at the former residence of Confucius on time, and I couldn't bear to leave. There are many people in the world, from kings to sages. They are glorious for a while when they are alive, but they are gone after death. Confucius is a commoner who has been passed down for more than ten generations and is respected by scholars. He. From the emperor to the princes, everyone in the Central Plains who teaches the Six Classics must use Confucius as the standard to judge right and wrong. Confucius can be said to be the supreme sage! 4. Translation of "The Family of Confucius" in Historical Records

Minimum 0.27 Yuan Kaitong Library member, view the full content gt; Original publisher: xgvkshd Confucius was born in Zouyi, Changping Township, Lu State.

His ancestor was a native of the Song Dynasty, named Uncle Kong Fang. Bo Xia gave birth to Shu Liang He.

Shu Liang He and Yan's daughter gave birth to Confucius out of etiquette. They prayed to Ni Qiu and got Confucius in the 22nd year of Lu Xianggong. Confucius was born with a hollow in the middle of his head, so he was named Qiu, his given name was Zhongni, and his surname was Kong.

When Confucius was born, his uncle Liang He died and was buried in Fangshan. The mountain is east of the capital of Lu, so Confucius did not know the location of his father's tomb, and Confucius' mother kept it secret.

When Confucius was a child, he often displayed various ritual utensils and practiced etiquette. Action. When Confucius' mother passed away, he first placed the coffin in Wufu's Qu. This was out of caution for Confucius.

The mother of Wanfu, a native of Zouyi, told Confucius the location of his father's tomb. Confucius then sent his mother's coffin to Fangshan for burial. Confucius wore a hemp belt around his waist. At this time, the Ji family hosted a banquet, and Confucius went with him.

Yang Hu dismissed Confucius and said, "The Ji family hosted a banquet. You are a scholar, no one invites you. " Confucius withdrew.

Confucius' family was poor and his status was low. When he grew up, he once served as an official under the Ji family, and his management and statistics were accurate; Breeding of livestock increased.

He became Sikong. Soon after he left the state of Lu, he was ostracized in the state of Qi, expelled by the people of Song and Wei, and was trapped between the states of Chen and Cai, so he returned to the state of Lu.

Kong Yu is nine feet six inches tall, and people find it strange that he is called "the long man". The king of Lu treated Confucius kindly, so he returned to the state of Lu.

Uncle Nangong Jingshu from Lu said to Lu Zhaogong: "Please let me follow Confucius to Zhou Jingluo." Lu Zhaogong gave them a car, two horses, and a boy servant to go to Zhou Jingluo. Yi asked about Zhou Li and heard that he had met Lao Tzu.

When Confucius said goodbye, Laozi said to him: "I have heard that wealthy people give gifts to others with money, and righteous people give gifts with words." 5. Full text translation of "The Family of Confucius" in Historical Records

Confucius was born in Zouyi, Changping Township, Lu State (now Zucheng, southeast of Qufu County, Shandong Province).

His ancestor was originally a noble family of the Song State, and was named Kong Fang. Uncle Fang fled to the state of Lu to settle down. Uncle Fang gave birth to Uncle Liang He.

Liang He married a woman named Yan in his later years ("Book of Rites·Tan ??Gong"). Confucius was born only after his mother named Yun Zhengzai, and she went to Niqiu (named Nishan) to pray to the gods to conceive Confucius.

When Confucius was born, his head was concave in the middle, so he was named Qiu, his given name was Zhongni, and his surname was Kong. He died and was buried in Fangshan ("Suoyin" quoted from "Family Language") when Yun Sheng was three years old.

Fangshan is to the east of Lucheng ("Kuo Di Zhi" says. (Twenty-five miles east of Qufu County), so Confucius could not know the exact location of his father's grave; his mother buried her husband when she was young, and according to the customs of the time, she could not go to the funeral in person, so she could not tell the exact address of the tomb when Confucius was a child. He often set up various sacrificial utensils and learned the etiquette movements of adults.

His mother died ("Confucius Family Supplement"; "Quelizhi" and other books said that Confucius was twenty-four years old). Today's Mr. Qian Mu (Zeyun), before Confucius was seventeen years old, temporarily lived on the roadside of Wufuqu (the name of a road in Lucheng) and did not dare to bury him far away. Maybe it was because of his caution! The mother, who was from the city, pointed out the gravesite of Confucius's father, and then Confucius moved his mother to Fangshan to be buried with his father.

Confucius was still mourning with filial piety tied around his waist, and Grandson Ji was hosting a banquet. Confucius went to attend a military service (a literary scholar, according to Fang Bao). Ji Sun's retainer Yang Hu refused him and said: "Ji's family invites soldiers to serve in the banquet, and I dare not entertain you. "

So Confucius withdrew. When Confucius was seventeen years old, Meng Lizi, a senior official in the state of Lu, followed Lu Zhaogong to Chu. After returning, he was deeply worried that he could not help him with the proper etiquette. He blamed himself, so before he died, he also warned his heir Meng Yizi: "Confucius is a descendant of a sage ("Jijie" quoted Qian said: the sage is called Shang Tang). He fled to the state of Lu because of misfortune.

His ancestor Fufu He could have succeeded to the throne as the king of Song Dynasty, but he gave it to his younger brother Li Gong ("Jijie" quoted Du Yu as saying: Fu Fuhe, the eldest son of Duke Min of Song Dynasty, was the eldest son of Duke Li. Brother. He should be the direct heir to let Duke Li.)

When he arrived at Zhengkaofu, the great-grandson of Fufu He, he assisted Dai Gong, Wu Gong and Xuan Gong in the three dynasties and became a minister. Every time he received an order, he became more respectful, so the inscription on Kao Fuding said: "When I was ordered for the first time, I bowed and bowed. When I was ordered for the second time, I bowed and arched my back. When I was ordered for the third time, my head was lowered, and my back was More curved.

No one dared to insult me ??when I walked close to the wall; I used this cauldron to make some batter porridge to live frugally. ’ He is so respectful and frugal.

I heard that although the descendants of saints may not be able to succeed the country, there will definitely be people with outstanding talents and virtues. Nowadays, Confucius is erudite and polite at a young age. Isn't this the so-called eminent person? I am a newbie, you must learn from him. ”

After the death of Meng Lizi, Yizi and Nangong Jingshu from Lu ("Suoyin" said that Jingshu and Yizi were both sons of Meng Lizi, Fu Que Geng said that they were from Lu) went to learn etiquette from Confucius.

This year, Ji Wuzi died and Pingzi succeeded to the throne.

In his early years, Confucius lived in poverty and low status. After he became an adult, he worked as a warehouse manager (Ji's History, "Huizhu Textual Research" cited various sayings that he was regarded as a "commissioned official", Mencius also said: "Confucius tasted that he was a commissioned official", and this is what he is now), cashier He was able to calculate accurately and clearly, and he also held a small position in managing the ranch, where he raised more and more animals.

Later, he served as Sikong in charge of construction. Not long after, he left the state of Lu, but was ostracized in the state of Qi. He moved to Song and Wei, and his life was unstable. He encountered difficulties between Chen and Cai, and finally returned to the state of Lu.

Confucius was nine feet six inches tall. People called him "The Long Man" and looked at him strangely. The authorities of the State of Lu finally treated him well, so he returned to the State of Lu.

Uncle Nangong Jingshu of the State of Lu said to Lord Lu: "Please help Confucius go to Zhou." So Lord Lu gave him a carriage, two horses, and a boy servant to accompany him to Zhou. To learn etiquette, it is said that I met Lao Tzu.

When he said goodbye after completing his studies, Lao Tzu said to him: "I heard that rich people give away money, and virtuous people give away words. I cannot be rich, but I steal benevolence. I will give you a few words about the name of a person. These words are: A person who is smart and thoughtful often encounters difficulties and almost loses his life. This is because he likes to talk about other people. He is knowledgeable and knowledgeable. A person who puts himself in danger is because he exposes the sins of others; as a child, you should have your parents in mind, and not just yourself; as a subject, you should have your king in mind, and not just yourself. ”

After Confucius returned to Lu from Zhou Dynasty, the number of students under his disciples increased day by day. At this time, Duke Ping of Jin was immoral, and the ministers of the six families (referring to Fan, Zhonghang, Zhi, Zhao, Wei, and Han) controlled the state affairs and attacked the countries to the east from time to time. King Ling of Chu's army was very powerful. , often came north to invade the Central Plains; Qi was a big country and close to Lu.

The State of Lu is small and weak. If it annexes itself to Chu, the State of Jin will be unhappy; if it annexes itself to Jin, the State of Chu will come to attack the State of Lu; if it does not treat the State of Qi well, the State of Qi will invade the State of Lu. . Lu Zhaogong was twenty years old, and Confucius was about thirty years old.

Qi Jinggong brought Yan Ying to the state of Lu. Jinggong asked Confucius: "In the past, Duke Mu of Qin, the country was small and remote. What was the reason why he was able to dominate?" Confucius replied: " Although Qin is a small country, its goals are far-reaching; although its status is remote, its governance is very legitimate. He personally promoted the sage Baili Xi, who was redeemed with five black sheepskins, and gave him the title of a doctor, so that he could be released from the confinement of a slave. After being rescued from the enemy, he held talks with him for three days, and then handed over the power of government to him.

Judging from these facts, it is possible to rule the entire world, and his success in dominating the princes is relatively small. Come on!" Jinggong was very happy after hearing this. When Confucius was thirty-five years old, Ji Pingzi offended Lu Zhaogong because of a cockfighting match with Pi Zhaobo. Duke Zhao brought an army to fight against Pingzi.

So Pingzi united the Mengsun family and the Shusun family, and the three families besieged Zhaogong together. Zhaogong was defeated and fled to Qi State. Qi State placed Zhaogong in Qianhou (now Cheng'an County, Hebei Province). place. Not long after, the state of Lu. 6. Historical Records Translated by the Confucius Family

Confucius was born in Zouyi, Changping Township, Lu State.

His ancestor was from the Song Dynasty, named Uncle Kong Fang. Uncle Kong Fang gave birth to Bo Xia, and Bo Xia gave birth to his uncle Liang He.

Uncle Liang He and Yan's daughter gave birth to Confucius in an unethical manner. They prayed to a nun and got Confucius. Confucius was born in the 22nd year of Duke Xiang of Lu. Confucius was born with a hollow in the middle of his head, so he was named Qiu, his given name was Zhongni, and his surname was Kong.

After Confucius was born, Shu Lianghe died and was buried in Fangshan. Fangshan is located to the east of the capital of Lu, so Confucius did not know the location of his father's tomb, and Confucius' mother kept the matter secret.

Confucius played games when he was a child. He often displayed various ritual utensils and practiced etiquette movements. When Confucius' mother passed away, he first parked her coffin in the Five Fathers' Crossing. This was out of Confucius' prudent consideration.

The mother of Wanfu, a native of Zouyi, told Confucius the location of his father's tomb. After that, Confucius sent his mother's coffin to Fangshan for burial together. Confucius was in mourning with a hemp belt around his waist. At this time, the Ji family hosted a banquet for scholars, and Confucius went with him.

Yang Hu rebuked Confucius and said, "The Ji family is entertaining scholars, and no one has invited you." Confucius therefore withdrew.

Confucius’ family was poor and his status was low. When he grew up, he worked as an official under the Ji family, and his management and statistics were accurate; he also worked as a minor official, so that the number of livestock shepherded increased.

He became Sikong. Soon after he left the state of Lu, he was ostracized in the state of Qi, expelled by the people of Song and Wei, and was trapped between the states of Chen and Cai, so he returned to the state of Lu.

Kong Yu is nine feet six inches tall, and people find it strange that he is called "the long man". The king of Lu treated Confucius kindly, so he returned to the state of Lu.

Uncle Nangong Jingshu from Lu said to Lu Zhaogong: "Please let me follow Confucius to Zhou Jingluo." Lu Zhaogong gave them a car, two horses, and a boy servant to go to Zhou Jingluo. Yi asked about Zhou Li and heard that he had met Lao Tzu.

When Confucius said goodbye, Laozi said to him: "I heard that wealthy people give gifts to others with money, and righteous people give gifts to others with words. I can't be rich, so I have to steal the name of a benevolent person. , these words are sent to you in words: 'Smart, clear and insightful is on the verge of death because of the tendency to talk about others.

Being knowledgeable, eloquent and broad-minded is endangering one's body because of it. It is because of the ugliness of others. If you are a son, you should not have yourself, and if you are a minister, you should not have yourself.

'" Confucius returned to the state of Lu from Luoyi in Zhoujing, and the number of his disciples gradually increased. When Confucius was thirty-five years old, Ji Pingzi and Li Zhaobo offended Lu Zhaogong because of a cockfight.

Lu Zhaogong led the army to attack Ji Pingzi. Ji Pingzi, the Mengsun family and the Shusun family jointly attacked Lu Zhaogong. Zhaogong's army was defeated and he fled to Qi. Qi Jinggong placed Zhaogong in Qianhou. Shortly thereafter, the state of Lu was in chaos.

Confucius went to the state of Qi and became a retainer of Qi Qing Gao Zhaozi, intending to have contacts with Qi Jinggong. Confucius talked about music with the grand master of Qi. He heard the music of "Shao" and studied the music of "Shao". He was so intoxicated that he didn't know the taste of meat for three months. The people of Qi praised Confucius.

Qi Jinggong asked Confucius how to govern. Confucius said, "The king should be like the king, the ministers should be like ministers, the father should be like father, and the son should be like son." Jinggong said: "Well said! If A real king is not like a king, his ministers are not like his ministers, his father is not like his father, and his son is not like his son. Even if there is food, how can I eat it?" Another day, Qi Jinggong asked Confucius about politics, and Confucius said: "For politics! It's about saving money."

Jinggong was very happy and would grant Confucius the land in Nixi. Yan Ying further said: "These Confucians are eloquent but cannot be regulated by laws; they are arrogant and self-righteous, so they cannot be used to educate the people; they advocate mourning at funerals and spend money on burying the dead, and this cannot become a custom; they lobby and beg everywhere. Borrowing money cannot be used to govern the country.

Since the death of the sages and the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, the rituals and music have been incomplete for a long time. Nowadays, Confucius dresses up and stipulates the rules of hierarchy. The knowledge of etiquette and the moderation of gestures and gestures cannot be exhausted for several generations, and his rituals and music cannot be fully learned from young to old.

I am afraid that the monarch intends to use this to transform the customs of Qi. A good way to guide the common people." After that, although Qi Jinggong received Confucius respectfully, he stopped asking about etiquette.

One day, Qi Jinggong tried to persuade Confucius to stay and said, "I can't treat you according to the standards of the Ji family." So he used the standards between the Ji family and the Meng family of Lu. Welcome Confucius.

A senior official in Qi attempted to murder Confucius, and Confucius heard about it. Qi Jinggong said: "I am old and can no longer use you."

Confucius left Qi and returned to Lu. When Confucius was forty-two years old, Duke Zhao of Lu died in Qianhou, and Duke Din of Lu came to the throne.

In the summer of the fifth year of Lu Dinggong's reign, Ji Pingzi died and Ji Huanzi succeeded to the throne.

Ji Huanzi's favorite was named Zhongliang Huai, who had a grudge against Yang Hu.

Yang Hu planned to expel Zhong Liang Huai, but Gong Shan Buxu stopped him. In the autumn of that year, Zhonglianghuai became more and more arrogant, and Yang Hu arrested Zhonglianghuai.

Ji Huanzi was angry, and Yang Hu took the opportunity to imprison Ji Huanzi, make a covenant with him and then release him. From then on, Yang Hu looked down upon Ji's family more and more.

The Ji family themselves also overstepped the etiquette and law and placed themselves above the official office, and the officials were in charge of the state affairs. Therefore, from the officials down, everyone in Lu State overrode the etiquette and law and deviated from the right path. Therefore, Confucius did not serve as an official and retired to organize the "Poems", "Books", "Rituals" and "Music". His disciples became more numerous and came from far away, and all of them accepted the studies taught by Confucius.

In the eighth year of Duke Dinggong of Lu, Gongshan Buxuan failed under the control of the Ji family. He used Yang Hu to cause trouble and planned to depose the eldest heirs of the three families of Jisun, Shusun and Mengsun and establish a new one. The other concubine, whom Yang Hu was always friendly with, arrested Ji Huanzi. Ji Huanzi deceived Guoyanghu and was able to escape.

In the ninth year of Duke Dinggong of Lu, Yang Hu failed to win in a battle and fled to Qi. Confucius was fifty years old at this time.

Gongshan Buxuan used Fei Yi to rebel against the Ji family and sent people to recruit Confucius. Confucius followed Zhou Dao and practiced for a long time, but he was suppressed everywhere and could not use his talents. No one could use him. He said: "King Wen of Zhou and King Wu of Zhou came from the land of Feng and Hao and became kings of the world. Now, although Feiyi is small, it has great power." Maybe there is hope!" I plan to go.

Zilu was unhappy and stopped Confucius. Confucius said: "How can it be that they summoned me in vain? If they use me, I will revive Zhou Dao in the East!" However, it did not happen.

After that, Lu Dinggong appointed Confucius as the Prime Minister of the Central Capital. After a year, people everywhere came to imitate him. Confucius was promoted from Zhongdu Prime Minister to Sikong, and from Sikong to Great Sikou.

In the spring of the tenth year of Lu Dinggong, Lu and Qi were at peace. 7. Translation of the Historical Records of the Confucius Family

Zigong said: "I have the opportunity to hear the Master's knowledge about literature, but I have no chance to hear the Master's views on human nature and the way of heaven."

Yan Yuan sighed and said: "The more you look up at Confucius' principles, the more lofty and lofty they appear. The more you study them, the more solid they appear. It seems to be in front, and suddenly it seems to be behind. Master followed the sequence step by step. Tao me; first teach me erudite articles and classics, and then ask me to restrain my behavior with etiquette.

It is impossible for me to stop learning, because I have exhausted my talents, and the Master's way. He is still standing in front of me. I want to catch up, but I always feel that there is no way to catch up. "A person living in Daxiang said, "Confucius is so great! After hearing this, Confucius said to the students, "What do I specialize in? Do I specialize in archery?"