After the mushroom is sown, white hyphae slowly spread and grow on the culture material until the whole culture material is covered tightly. Then the mycelium layer is gradually formed in the covering soil layer, and then twisted into a white primordium the size of rice grains, and the primordium continues to grow into the shape of mushrooms.
The growth process of mushrooms
1, spore stage
Mushrooms will release spores into the air when they mature, and spores will grow when they fall underground. When cultivating mushrooms, it is necessary to inoculate their spores on the cultivation substrate and keep the environment moist. They can be watered 1-2 times a week to promote the vigorous growth of mushrooms.
2. Mycelial stage
After absorbing nutrients and water, the spores of mushrooms will extend along the long axis of the spores to form fluffy mononuclear hyphae, which are called primary hyphae. Generally, when cultivating mushrooms, they need to be planted in a ventilated and semi-cool environment to avoid direct exposure to strong light.
3. The fruiting body stage
The primary mycelium of mushrooms has no ability to form fruiting bodies and will continue to grow under suitable environmental conditions. Until the primary hyphae develop into linear secondary hyphae, the secondary hyphae develop into tertiary hyphae through further hyphae, and the tertiary hyphae can grow into fruiting bodies.
Schematic diagram of mushroom growth process
Dynamic diagram of mushroom growth 1
Mushroom growth dynamics Figure 2
Mushroom growth dynamics Figure 3
What conditions do mushrooms need to grow?
1, nutrients
Mushrooms generally have no chlorophyll, so they can't directly carry out photosynthesis under light. In the process of their growth, they mainly rely on nutrients in the culture materials as nutrient sources, thus growing. General mushroom culture materials are generally composed of pig manure, cow dung, phosphate fertilizer and other substances.
2. Temperature
In different growth stages of mushrooms, it has different requirements for temperature. The suitable temperature of mycelium growth stage is 18-20℃, and that of fruiting body growth stage is 12- 16℃.
In the growth stage of mushrooms, if the temperature is too high, the growth rate of mycelium can be accelerated, but the mycelium is very fine, easy to age and premature aging, and it is easy to open the umbrella when it reaches the fruiting body, while if the temperature is too low (below 4℃), the mycelium and fruiting body will stop growing.
Step 3: Moisture
In the process of culture, it is generally necessary to control the humidity of the culture material at 55-60%. If the environment is too dry, it will affect the growth of mushrooms. Excessive humidity will affect the circulation of air, and hyphae and fruiting bodies will die slowly.
4. Air
Mushrooms are aerobic and need enough oxygen during their growth. They absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide at the same time, so they need regular ventilation.
5. Lighting equipment
In practical cultivation, mushrooms generally do not need to receive light. Even in a dark environment, the fruiting body will continue to develop. If the light is too strong, it is not conducive to the growth and development of fruiting bodies.
6.ph value
Generally, it is necessary to keep the PH value of the culture medium at 6.8-7.5.