Bus rapid transit system (BRT), as a way of public transportation, is defined as "a flexible bus rapid transit operation mode with rubber tires". It is a system integrated by bus rapid transit station, bus rapid transit, service, operation mode, intelligent bus system (ITS) and other elements. The BRT system has its own distinctive characteristics and can form a unique image of the city. " In short, BRT is a comprehensive bus operation system which is made up of personnel, services and related measures, and can improve the speed and reliability of bus operation and improve the status of bus system.
BRT, as a new operation system between rail transit and conventional transit, uses modern bus technology to cooperate with the operation and management of intelligent transportation, so that the traditional bus system can basically reach the service level of rail transit, while its investment and operation cost are lower than that of rail transit and close to that of conventional bus.
From the perspective of urban public transportation, the most important purpose of BRT is to give priority to passengers, not to give priority to vehicles, so BRT attaches importance to the transport capacity of passengers. In the urban transportation network, a high level of passenger transport capacity can be achieved by giving priority to public transport vehicles in the main passenger transport corridors. Under the guidance of the "bus priority" strategy, BRT provides high-capacity and high-frequency services, thus reaching the service level close to that of rail transit. By increasing the speed of bus operation, passengers can save time, which is much less than the cost of increasing road capacity to meet the requirements of car growth.