belongs to: korla City, Bayinguoleng Prefecture, Xinjiang

Korla City is the capital of Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, and is called Pear City because of its rich fragrant pears. The city has a total area of 7116.9 square kilometers and a total population of 438, (excluding floating population).

Korla is the political, economic, cultural, educational and information center of Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, the largest state in China, and one of the two key development cities identified by the Party Committee of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. In the city, there are central and autonomous regional units such as the Division of the Second Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim Oilfield Branch and Tarim Petrochemical Engineering Construction Command.

in p>25, the GDP reached 24.24 billion yuan, up 13.2% year-on-year; The local fiscal revenue reached 6 million yuan, an increase of 2.5%; The per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen reached 4981.92 yuan, an increase of 451.82 yuan; Disposable income of urban households reached 87 yuan.

in p>25, it ranked 62nd in the ranking of the basic competitiveness of the third top 1 counties (cities) in China;

In p>26, it ranked 62nd in the ranking of basic competitiveness of the 4th China Top 1 counties (cities);

in p>27, it ranked 41st in the ranking of the basic competitiveness of the fifth top 1 counties (cities) in China.

in p>28, it ranked 38th in the ranking of the basic competitiveness of the 6th China Top 1 Economic Counties (cities).

Previous honors:

1. In June 1999, it was officially named as "National Health City" by the National Patriotic Health Association;

2. In January 1997, it was awarded the "National Double Support Model City" by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the PLA General Political Department;

3. In 1998, it won the first batch of "China Excellent Tourism City";

4. In January, 22, it was awarded "National Advanced City of Scientific and Technological Progress" by the Ministry of Science and Technology;

in February, 24, it was awarded the "Model Award of China's Human Settlement Environment" by the Ministry of Construction;

6. In October 24, it was awarded "National Demonstration City of Scientific and Technological Progress" by the Ministry of Science and Technology;

in November, 24, it was awarded "National Environmental Protection Model City" by the State Environmental Protection Administration;

in may, 25, it was awarded "national advanced city for aging work" by the national Committee on aging;

in November, 25, it was awarded "National Advanced City for Building Civilized Cities" by the Central Civilization Committee;

in April, 26, the Ministry of construction awarded "National Garden City";

11. In 26, it won the title of "Top Ten Charming Cities in China".

in January, 29, it was awarded the title of "National Civilized City" by the Central Civilization Committee!

Location

Korla is located in the heart of Eurasia and Xinjiang, on the northeast edge of Tarim Basin, with Kuluk Mountain and Hora Mountain as its north branches, and the Taklimakan Desert, the second largest desert in the world, as its south. "Korla" is Uygur language, which means "overlooking". Here is rich in fragrant pears and oil, also known as pear city or oil city.

The place name "Korla" means "overlooking" in Uygur language.

There are 23 ethnic groups in Korla, including Han, Uygur, Mongolian and Hui, and ethnic minorities account for 3.1%.

Korla has a warm temperate continental arid climate, with a total sunshine of 2,99 hours, an average frost-free period of 21 days, an annual average temperature of 11.4℃, a minimum of _28℃, an annual average precipitation of 58.6 mm and an annual maximum evaporation of 2,788.2 mm, which is dominated by the northeast wind.

historical evolution

Korla has a long history and is the throat of the ancient Silk Road. In 63 AD, Xuanzang, a Buddhist monk, passed through Korla for Buddhist scriptures. Most of the city was once one of the 36 countries in the ancient western regions. As far back as the Neolithic Age, there have been human activities in the Peacock River Basin. During the reign of Shenjue in the Western Han Dynasty, the Western Regions' Capital Protection House built a Loucheng in the Peacock River Delta, where troops were stationed. After that, Kanlou City evolved into Jueli City in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Liulv City in the Northern Wei Dynasty and Kunlv City in the Yuan Dynasty. In the Qing dynasty, it was managed by Sanpin Burke, who was the minister of Karashar's affairs. In 6 years of the Republic of China, Korla County Assistant was established, which was under the jurisdiction of Yanqi Road. In 19, it was changed to the Administrative Bureau and Yanqi Administrative Region. In 26 years of the Republic of China, a county was established, belonging to the Yanqi Administrative Inspector's Office. In 1939, Korla was promoted to county by the administrative bureau. After the founding of New China, Korla County has successively become the seat of Korla Agency and the party and government leading organs of Bayinguoleng Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture. In June 1979, the State Council approved the establishment of Korla City by Korla County. In 1984, counties and cities merged.

scenery resources

Korla's unique geographical location contains unique tourism resources, and it was selected into the first list of excellent tourist cities in China in 1998. Historically, Korla was the throat of the middle road of the Silk Road. At present, there are 14 national first-class cultural relics protection sites, 4 second-class cultural relics protection sites around, and 24 cultural relics and historical sites included in the national cultural relics archives. It has attracted countless Chinese and foreign tourists and scientists. There are many unique natural landscapes around Korla, such as the vast Bosten Lake, the vast and charming Bayinbuluk grassland, the elegant and magical Swan Lake, the world-famous Lop Nur, the Gongnaisi in Songtao Linhai, the beautiful Tarim River, the magnificent Tianshan Stone Forest, the various "Yadan Wonders", the world's longest desert highway and the Muzitage Peak at an altitude of 6,973 meters, all of which are good places for people to travel and explore. In terms of ethnic customs, there are mainly Mongolian "Nadam", Uygur "Maixilaifu" and other folk cultures and arts, which have a very good mass base and are deeply loved by people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang.

as an excellent tourist city in China, the thinking of developing characteristic tourism is to build a new pattern of multi-level, multi-field and multi-directional tourism development based on natural landscape, with ethnic customs and folk culture as the main body, take urban resources as the center, enhance the radiation to surrounding tourist attractions, form a divergent tourism circle, and actively develop into entertainment, adventure, health care, shopping and participation modes.

unique soil and water breeds unique agricultural products resources. Korla has a long annual sunshine time and a large temperature difference between day and night, which is very suitable for the growth of cash crops such as fragrant pears, melons, fruits, cotton, tomatoes, safflower and hops, forming a unique advantage in agricultural resources. Fragrant pear is a unique and advantageous agricultural product resource in Korla. Because of its high sugar content, rich flavor, tender pulp, crisp and juicy, storage resistance and other properties, it is known as the "king of fruits" and is exported to Hong Kong, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions. At present, the planting area of fragrant pears in the city has reached 265, mu, of which the fruit area is 54, mu and the total output of fragrant pears is 4, tons. Korla is a traditional cotton-producing area and was listed as one of the top 1 cotton-producing cities in China in 1995. The cotton produced is favored by merchants inside and outside the region because of its excellent quality such as white color, long fiber and high strength. At present, the cotton planting area in the city is about 25, mu, with a total output of about 5, tons. Korla long-staple cotton, licorice paste products, tomato sauce and wild apocynum venetum are also famous.

Korla has a long history, and it is the territory of Yanqi and Quli countries among 36 countries in the ancient western regions. In June 1979, Korla was established with the approval of the State Council. This is a charming modern city, which has both the prosperity of mainland cities and the tranquility of frontier towns; There are not only the historical origins of Loulan civilization, Milan culture and Robnaoer culture, but also the new city style with spacious streets, smooth roads and rows of high-rise buildings. It not only has the unique clean and elegant appearance of a sanitary city, but also has the unique regional characteristics and ethnic customs of a tourist city; There are both the majestic entering the Tianshan Mountains and the majestic Kunlun Mountains, and the femininity of the peacock river passing through the city and flowing water; There are snow peaks, grasslands, deserts and pastoral scenery outside the city, as well as the charm of flowers, green forests and clear water, pavilions and pavilions in the city, and nights like fairyland; There are not only special fruit treasures such as Korla fragrant pears that spread the reputation of Korla, but also the golden Populus euphratica that cultivated Korla humanistic spirit for 3 years. There are many stories about 23 ethnic groups living in harmony and building their homes, as well as the feat of 1, troops challenging the "Sea of Death" and the desert highway crossing the Tarim Desert.

Tourist attractions

Korla City is a good place for tourism exploration, and there are many cultural relics in the territory, the most famous of which is tiemenguan located in the north of the city. There are also the ancient cities of Wangziqian, Tuowuqi, Alekman, Kuerchu mound site and ancient pottery relics. Bosten Lake, which is connected with Korla, is also a good place for enjoying the lotus and sightseeing. At present, the tourism projects have been developed as follows: "Seven-day tour of Tianshan grassland, Swan Lake, Kuqa Thousand Buddha Cave and Taklimakan", "Ten-day tour around the Silk Road in Taklimakan", "Tour of grazing customs in Tianshan grassland", adventure tour of Loulan ancient city, wildlife sightseeing, hunting tour in Altun Mountain, holiday tour in Xihai fishing village, etc.

tiemenguan

is located in Kuruktag Mountain, eight kilometers north of Korla. More than two thousand years ago, the Silk Road entered a 3-kilometer-long canyon along the Peacock River from here. The canyon is winding and deep, and the shore wall is like a knife. According to the examination, since the Jin Dynasty, a pass has been set up here, so it was named tiemenguan because of its dangerous location. It is a natural barrier for Yanqi basin to enter Tarim basin, and it has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. Today's Tieguan Gorge has built a large reservoir on the river dam, and a section of the ancient Silk Road, which was extremely dangerous in the past, has been submerged in the clear water. The newly built hydropower station sends powerful current to all parts of the country. In the valley near the mountains and waters, there are lush trees and colorful flowers, and pavilions are scattered and dotted.

Peacock River Scenic Tourism Belt

Peacock River originates from Bosten Lake and flows through Korla City through tiemenguan Canyon, which is the lifeblood of industry, agriculture and economy in Korla City. The Peacock River is 785 kilometers long, and the river flows continuously all year round, with an annual runoff of 1.2 billion cubic meters, which is stable all the year round. Peacock River scenic tourist belt starts from Peacock River Bridge on National Highway 314, and ends at Taiyang Island in the countryside, with a total length of about 1 kilometers. At present, there are four parks (Botanical Garden, Peacock Park, Youth Park, and National Customs Park). Five bridges (Lion Bridge, Lixiang Bridge, Jianshe Bridge, Sunflower Bridge and Jianguo Bridge); Six scenic spots (Fishing Garden, Pear Fragrant Garden, Observation Deck, Baihua Garden, Peacock Square and Unity Garden). Peacock River scenic tourist belt has become a good place for people in "Pear City" to relax and enjoy the cool.

Grand Canyon

The Grand Canyon in the pastoral area of Kuerchu Horticultural Field is about 4 kilometers away from the horticultural field and 1 kilometers away from the downtown area of Korla. The Grand Canyon is nearly 3, meters above sea level, and the mountain walls on both sides are nearly 1, meters high. The widest part of the valley is about 5-6 meters, and the narrowest part is about 3 meters. Clear spring water flows at the bottom of the valley, and dense primitive shrubs grow on both sides. In the nearly 3km-long canyon zone, there are six waterfalls, the highest of which is nearly 4 meters, and the lowest is about 3m. The rock trends and colors of the two arms of the canyon are very strange and charming. On the west side of the canyon is the alpine grassland, where there are large areas of pine forests and a variety of wild animals, plants and strange and charming natural landscapes such as "the first sight". The highest temperature in the valley in summer is nearly 3 degrees, and the lowest temperature is nearly 1 degrees. It is an excellent scenic spot for summer vacation, leisure, sightseeing and tourism.

Pratt & Whitney International Populus euphratica Resort

Located 53km southwest of Korla City, the resort is a dam reservoir 5km downstream of Peacock River, with a land area of about 3km2, a lake surface of 4km2, and 17,mu of natural Populus euphratica forest, which is integrated with water and sky and has beautiful natural scenery. At present, it is planned to build leisure and entertainment areas, water recreation areas, ethnic flora and fauna parks, hunting parks and scenic spot service facilities, and complete traffic roads, water supply and drainage projects, power supply and communication projects, sanitation facilities, landscaping and scenic spot management facilities.

Gamai Mosque

Located in Tuanjie Road, Korla City, it was built in 1981. The summoning hall of the Temple is 2 meters high, 9 meters long and 9 meters wide, with a summoning building of 136 square meters and a construction area of 734 square meters. The ceiling and walls of the temple are painted with traditional Uygur decorative patterns, making it the largest mosque in Korla.

Korla ethnic customs garden

Korla ethnic customs garden is located in the western suburb of Korla, located in the village of Chaerbake in the English countryside. The garden covers an area of 14 mu and is planted with fruit trees such as figs, pears, pomegranates and grapes, with elegant environment and beautiful scenery. The ethnic banquet hall in the amorous feelings garden can accommodate more than 1 people for dinner at the same time. It is a multifunctional entertainment place integrating performing cultural programs, enjoying delicious food and entertaining oneself. There is also a small banquet hall that can accommodate 2 people, which is suitable for small banquets.

Sun Island Scenic Area in Korla City

Sun Island Scenic Area is a small island in the center of the river naturally formed in the Peacock River Basin, covering an area of 1,86 mu, more than 1 kilometers away from the urban area. The island is rich in water plants, shaded by green trees and fragrant with birds and flowers. Sun Island Scenic Area belongs to the leisure and fitness category of humanistic tourism resources and the water landscape category of natural tourism resources. At present, there are four functional areas in the planning: Riverside Recreation Area, Sun Island Water Recreation Resort, National Style Garden, Botanical Garden and Sports Area.

Lop Nur

Lop Nur, located in the northeast of Ruoqiang County, was once the second largest inland river in China, with an altitude of 78 meters and an area of about 2,4-3, square kilometers. It is famous for its ancient Silk Road in the east of Tarim Basin. The ancient Lop Nur was born in the late Tertiary and early Quaternary, with an area of more than 2, square kilometers. Lop Nur is now the lowest and largest depression in the north. It used to be the center of water accumulation in Tarim Basin. It originated in the basins of Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain and Altun Mountain in ancient times and poured into Luobu Depression to form a lake.

Lop Nur used to have many names, some of which were named because of its characteristics, such as Aoze, Yanze, Ganhai, etc., and some were named because of its location, such as Puchanghai, Prison Lanhai and Peacock Sea. After the yuan dynasty, it was called rob Naoer. In the Han Dynasty, Lop Nur was "3 miles wide, with its water pavilion, which did not increase or decrease in winter and summer", and its abundance made people guess that it "sneaked underground, and the south also accumulated stones as the China River". This view of mistaking Lop Nur as the upper source of the Yellow River has been circulating for more than 2 years from pre-Qin to late Qing Dynasty. By the fourth century AD, Loulan, the west part of Lop Nur, which used to be "a big wave of water is bound to flood", was in a tight situation to restrict water use by law. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, when Lop Nur rose, it was only "eight or nine miles long from east to west and two or three miles wide from north to south", making it a small lake. In 1921, the Tarim River diverted eastward and flowed into Lop Nur. By the 195s, the area of the lake had reached more than 2, square kilometers. In 196s, Lop Nur gradually dried up due to the cut-off of the lower reaches of Tarim River, and completely dried up at the end of 1972.

historically, the largest area of lop Nur was 5,35 square kilometers. In the 2th year of the Republic of China (1931), the area measured by Chen Zongqi and others was 1,9 square kilometers. In 31 years of the Republic of China (1941), on the 1/5, topographic map made by the Soviet Union, the area was 3,6 square kilometers. In 1958, China's provincial maps marked an area of 2,57 square kilometers. In 1962, on the 1/2, topographic map of aerial survey, its area was 66 square kilometers. In 1972, the last dry part was 45 square kilometers. The water injected into Lop Nur mainly includes Tarim River, Peacock River, Cherchen River and Milan River, and it is also partially replenished by meltwater from Qilian Mountain Glacier, which flows into the lake from the southeast through Lehe River. In modern times, some foreigners who entered Lop Nur described Lop Nur as a "wandering lake". In 1876, the Russian military officer Pul Gerval, after an investigation in the lower reaches of Tarim, was one-sided