Introduction to cannon:
Canon, a polyphonic music, originally means "regularity". The tune of one voice chases another voice from beginning to end, until the last … the last summary, the last chord, they will blend together and never separate. Extremely touching music is like two people living and dying together.
Canon Canon is the name of a musical form, which is characterized by repeating the same music at intervals of several syllables. The general playing method is to start with the cello and add three violins every eight beats. All violins play exactly the same melody, with only three different melodies before and after, and only two bars of melody for repeated performance in each paragraph; The melody of the cello is only two bars from beginning to end, and it is repeated as many as 28 times, but the listener is intoxicated with this melody and will not feel monotonous at all. Can be simple and complex, the author can be said to have reached the realm. The author is johann pachelbel (1653 ~ 1706), a German who used to be Bach's teacher. However, some people say that this was an unknown composer at that time. In order to sell this song, he pretended to be the work of the famous Pacabel at that time.
A form of polyphonic music composed solely of imitation. When each voice that enters continuously plays (sings) a melody at the same or different pitch from beginning to end, it is called cannon. The first part of it is called the opening sentence or the main sentence, and the following part is called the response sentence or the answer sentence.
There are many kinds of cannon, including: ① Regular cannon. The direction and rhythm of the main sentence and the answer sentence are exactly the same, and they are generally called according to the distance between them, just like Dukanon, Dukanon and Wukanon. In the conventional canon, except for the same degree and octave, the canon of other intervals is often imitated freely to avoid tonality overlap; Among them, the fourth and fifth shots can not only keep the tonality unified by free imitation, but also make the answers subordinate or subordinate by strict imitation. (2) Variable grid gun. The answer sentence is the deformation of the main sentence. If the duration of the main clause is multiplied, it becomes an increasing cannon, otherwise, it becomes a decreasing cannon; If you imitate the sound of the main sentence in reverse, it is called a reflex gun or a reverse gun; If you imitate the sound of the main sentence in the opposite order, it is called a retrograde gun or a crab gun; If you answer the sentence in reverse and reflect the main sentence, it is called a retrograde reflex gun. In addition, there are other forms of cannons, such as double or triple cannons, that is, cannons with two or three pairs of different melodies at the same time; A cannon without an end, that is, the end of the cannon is connected with the beginning of the music, which makes the music cycle endlessly; There is a final shot, that is, the answer is no longer imitated, and the ending part constitutes the terminator.
The earliest history of cannon can be traced back to folk music forms in13rd century, such as hunting songs and spinning songs. Rondo is a small-scale acoustic music, which appears in the form of endless cannons with all parts entering at the same distance. /kloc-It was popular in Britain after the 3rd century. In the 0/5th century A.D./KLOC, a complete canon work appeared, which was loved by Flemish composers. Since then, cannon has often been used as an independent passage in small music or large music.
What is a cannon?
Canon is not a musical title, but a musical form, which literally means "singing in turn" and originally meant "regularity". Refers to a creative technique of polyphonic music. The melody of one part follows another part from beginning to end, and the same melody of several parts appears, crosses, imitates each other, chases and entangles in turn, while the parts are almost monotonous repetition. Until the last ... the last summary, the last chord, they will blend together and never separate. Extremely touching music is like two people living and dying together. Music created by cannon technique is called "cannon music". Although Cannon is not as thrilling as romantic works, it resonates with various timbre effects in seemingly repetitive and ordinary progress. The ordinary rhythm is pulsating with ever-changing vitality, which makes people intoxicated and quiet like angels. The familiar Rondo is one of the songs of guns. Cannons appeared in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Later generations often use ancient tunes as the theme of guns. For example, Bach's Five Variations of Cannon. /kloc-The symphony and sonata in the 0/9th century also adopted the Cannon technique, such as Beethoven's Symphony of Destiny.
Simply put, Canon is a composition technique, which means "playing the same melody in two beats or in the interval order of one bar and two bars".
According to the principle of strict imitation, "cannon" imitates the original melody with one or more parts separated by a certain beat. As for what instrument to use and how many parts to use, it is up to the composer to decide. Generally speaking, 2-6 copies will be enough. It is not unreasonable for a person to write dozens of parts, which is a common thing in modern music. Canon is one of the most basic polyphonic music. Generally speaking, many composers have to make a lot of canon to practice their skills when learning polyphonic music, but they are just practicing. It seems that there are not many numbered works, but all kinds of musical instruments are available. There are many tutorials in Hendry, such as flute and piano, viola and piano ... You can hear Canon's music in many places, not only Pachelbel's songs, but also Bach's. Many symphonies will use the part made by Cannon technique, but it is not mentioned separately like Pachelbel. By the way, cannon doesn't have to imitate the melody completely. He can speed up and slow down the rhythm (which should be seen in Pahale Baird), and he can also perform reflection processing.
Among the classical music, Pahai Zhong Classic is the most famous one. The simple melody is repeated over and over again, the high and low voices follow the strict counterpoint law, each voice develops in harmony regularly, and finally ends brilliantly, but it doesn't sound monotonous, imaginative and unforgettable.
About Pacser Bell John:
English name: Pachelbel Johann
Date of birth and death:1653/09/0/-1706/03/09.
Nationality: Germany
Music School: Baroque
biography
Pahaebel was a composer and church organist in the late Baroque period in Germany. At that time, he was a radical composer. His organ and keyboard music are his main creative fields, and his position in Protestant religious music creation is also quite high. Unfortunately, most of his works have not been properly preserved, and some of them are still submerged in libraries all over Germany.
From an early age, Pa hubbell showed an interest in pursuing knowledge, especially music. During his study in Saint Lorenz College, he also studied composition and instrumental performance techniques with Heinrich Schwemer and Wake. 1On June 29th, 669, Pa hubbell entered Altdorf School and worked as an organist in St. Lorenz Church. A year later, Pahaebel was forced to drop out of school because of his financial situation and terminated his university education. However, in the following spring, due to his talent in academic knowledge, he was selected to receive scholar training in another college. Because of his special expertise in music, the school even chartered him to study composition with Caspar Plenz outside the school. Under the influence of Prenz, Pahaebel gradually transformed his original North German style into Italian style.
Pahaebel came to Vienna with his teacher Prenze in 1673 because he believed in the Neo-Lutheran Sect in Germany at that time, and became an organist in St. Stephen's Church. In the Catholic city of Vienna, Pahaebel was exposed to religious music composed by German and Italian Catholic composers, and then he joined Eisenach as a court organist, which was under the jurisdiction of Prince John George, Duke of Isaacson-Eisenach. Five years later, due to the death of the prince's brother, the court mourned and all musicians were abolished, so Pahai Bell left Eisenach on May 1678. After that, Pahaebel came to Predigerkirche in Erfurt. This church has strict requirements for organists. In addition to accompanying the disciples of the new Sect to sing hymns and providing the prelude to hymns, organists can't improvise, but they should give full play to their experience in playing the organ at an exquisite concert every year to show that they are not vegetarians. Therefore, Pa hubbell's organ technique was fully exerted, and he published many important organ works, which established his reputation as an organ master in the late Baroque.
168 1 year, Pahai Bell married Barbara Guble at the age of 28, and Barbara died in childbirth two years later. The following year, he remarried Judith Dromo, and this marriage brought him seven children. Eisenach is Bach's hometown, so Pahaebel is familiar with Bach's father. He also became the godfather of Bach's sister and was responsible for teaching Bach's brother music. After Bach's father died, the responsibility of educating Bach's music fell on his eldest brother, so we can say that Pahaebel is Bach's grandparents.
After leaving Ehrt, Pahubbell went to the Wü rttemberg State Court, which is located in Stuttgart and under the jurisdiction of the Duchess of Madelenat (Duchess of Magdalena Sibila). This place gave him great professional freedom, but unfortunately it didn't last long in the autumn of 1692. Due to the invasion of the French army, he was forced to return to Nuremberg, his birthplace, and finally moved to Gotha. It happened that the original organist of St. Sebalde Church in Nuremberg died. He was born in Nuremberg, which enabled him to take over as a teacher smoothly. He stayed here until he died. During his five years in Nuremberg, Bahaibel composed important religious choruses and organ fugues, such as The Madonna, which was regarded as his masterpiece in his later years.
Pahaebel's full name is Canon and Giger in D major. Because an Oscar-nominated film "Ordinary People" used it as the soundtrack, this song is widely known, and "My Wild Girlfriend" also used this work on the spot.
Pahaebel's canon was written in 1680. After 300 years, its charm remains undiminished and it has become the most popular instrumental sketch for modern people.
Canon version
Of course, the most original is Pacser Bell's quartet Canon in D major.
At the 1966 Vienna Music Festival, the Canon version of the great conductor Mr. karajan was played again, and a little violin performance was added.
1985, george winston's "December" came out, bringing his own piano version.
(Variations on the Girl of Snow by Pacser Bell)
1987 made a modern version played by guitar emperor Nicholas Angelis. (Canon (guitar by Nicholas Angelis))
1992, at the anniversary ceremony of the Royal Conservatory of Music, the great harpist mask and flute player played an extremely elegant Canon in D key.
Japanese star kyko from 65438 to 0995 also performed a personal change of Canon in his album.
1997, Gianna Jun released an album called Pure Apple, and the sixth one was Canon Flying in the Sky sung by Gianna Jun himself.
Cannon-another version
Canon Guitar (Flamengo Flamengo Edition)
Canon version download:
The purest Canon in D key (/Canon/0 1.mp3)
Canon in Piano Emotion D.mp3 (/Canon /02.mp3)
Siberian symphony orchestra-Christmas canon. MP3(/ Canon /03. MP3）
Eileen Ivers-Bally Loughlin/Knockn.mp3 (/canon/04.mp3) Humor
Bond-lullaby. MP3(/ Canon /05. MP3）
Canon in pachebel -D major. MP3(/ Canon /06. MP3）
Hu qinglan-two worlds. MP3（/canon/07。 MP3）
Creation background
The most famous canon is17th century German composer johann Pahaebel (1653- 1706), whose full name is Canon and Giger in D major. Because an Oscar-nominated film "Ordinary People" used it as the soundtrack, this song is widely known, and "My Wild Girlfriend" also used this work on the spot. This is a German composer, but it is difficult for Germany to inspire him so beautifully. This is music written by the author when he was in Venice, Italy. It appears in the form of a Rondo, which contains elements of endless music. This music is especially famous among all the classics, because it has a hint of Italian sadness, sweet and quiet sadness.
At that time, the young Pachbel endured the great pain of his wife and children dying of the plague and created a set of immortal music to commemorate the dead. One of the variations is what later generations called Canon in D major. Accurately speaking, as a music name, Cannon does not refer to a piece of music, but its original meaning is "rules". "The same melody appears in different voices at different heights such as the same degree or the fifth degree, which leads to continuous imitation; The tune of one voice chases another voice from beginning to end until the end ... the final summary, the final chord, they will blend together and never separate. " Just like the love in the world till death do us part, two people who love each other will live and die together, which is touching.
References:
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