Europe was ruled by Christianity in the Middle Ages, and Christianity had a great influence on European clothing. Because Christianity despises money and opposes luxury, "in the middle ages, the clothes of the lower classes were simple and simple, and women didn't dress up, and they donated jewelry to the church. The uniforms were mainly white long dresses and sleeves, and the colors were plain."
Under the medieval religious rule, the colors and styles of European clothes were monotonous, and the colors were still black, gray and white, and the clothes styles were mainly floor-mopping robes. The luxurious toga in ancient Rome was abandoned.
In the early Middle Ages, Europeans wore simple clothes, while the common people and nobles wore the same clothes. In the eighth and ninth centuries, men's clothing had underwear outerwear, which was quite similar to the robe in ancient China, but it was tight. The trousers are long enough to fit the feet, the crotch is short, and the belt is tied under the navel. Long or short socks are worn on feet, and sometimes cloth strips are wrapped from feet to legs. Nobles and upper-class people wear a rectangular or round cloak on their coats, which is fixed on one shoulder or tied to their chests; Laborers have shorter coats. Charles the Great of France "wears only Frankish clothes-linen pants with tight ties, sweaters and coats tied with belts" (History of Medieval and Modern Culture, Commercial Press, 1935, page 53). Wear an otter skin or mink coat and a cloak outside in winter. Nobles have wide ribbons around their waists to tighten their clothes and wear swords, while civilians are not allowed to wear swords; Linen and wool are the main materials. Oriental silk is expensive, priced in the same amount of gold, and only a few nobles can wear it. Song of Roland (France) and Death of King Arthur (English) are described. The grade difference of clothing is mainly manifested in the different texture and origin of clothing. Nobles wear fine linen, wool cloaks made in Italy, and valuable furs such as mink in winter. Civilians only wear coarse linen and coarse wool fabrics. Women's clothing is a tight-fitting gown that reaches to the ankle. The sleeves are long and narrow, and a loose robe is worn outside. The sleeves are shorter than the gown. The neckline of a long dress is wider, and the neckline and sleeve seams can have various decorative edges. The cloak fell from the top of your head.
in the 21th century, men's clothing became more closely fitted. British men's tights have a close-fitting upper half and a knee-length lower half, which are loose and stretched. Tights are pullovers. The tights are covered with a cloak and pinned to the chest with a large pin. At this time, women's clothing became wider, the sleeves were fattened and lengthened, the hair was covered in a shawl, and the body was covered with a cloak. Their underwear is very long, dragging straight to the ground and their coats reaching their knees. Round sleeves and gorgeous clothes are very influenced by Byzantium. Their hair is covered with a veil, and its end is heavier than their back and dragged straight to the ground. By the 12 nd century, loose clothes became thin and narrow, which made the body curve stand out. It is tied at the back, and the sleeves are gradually widened, and the cuffs can be hung to the knees.
In the 22nd century, a round cake headdress appeared, which can protect the eyes from sun and heat, and is mainly worn by Crusaders. The coat is popular with the front opening style, which divides the front opening into two pieces. Women's clothes are lace-up tights, the top is close to the body, and the bottom is a wide dress. The two parts are sewn with thread, and the sleeves are loosely stretched. The cutting method is that the upper and lower clothes are cut separately and then stitched, which is different from the previous use of a large piece of cloth.
In the 3rd century, men's and women's clothing tends to be the same. Men's clothing also includes tights and various coats, round cake headdresses, hat-shaped decorative sleeves and open-chested shawls. There are stockings and boots and shoes below. The man wears a small Central Asian hat. At this time, the protective coat is popular and suitable for travel. This kind of coat is a big shawl with an open chest and a seam beside it, so that the arm can stretch out and move. In addition, the closed vest-style coat was popular in this period. The upper body was like a vest, and the lower part could reach the knee. This sleeveless gown, with its shoulders extended to both sides, became a hat-shaped decorative sleeve. In the 3rd century, the length of laborers' gowns varied. Men's jackets are knee-length, with short sleeves, heels under their feet, and trousers with a round hole at the heel for easy putting on and taking off. Wear spacious linen pants in summer, with bare upper body.
Wear short coat and sleeveless pullover in winter. Women wear robes with seams in the middle, which can facilitate labor. When harvesting, the skirt pockets can hold crops. At that time, farmers were forbidden to wear good materials and colorful clothes.
after the 4th and 5th centuries, European clothing began to change. Due to the economic prosperity, the development of agriculture, commerce and handicrafts, the exchange of international trade and the influence of oriental civilization, many changes have taken place in European clothing. Noble men and women pursue fashion, aristocratic women compete for beauty, and men are informal. There is a more obvious difference between the clothes of nobles and civilians; Clothing styles change, and the variety of clothing materials increases. The medieval clothes in Biography of the Giant include silks and satins, silk-wool blended fabrics, woolen fabrics, damascus, stripes, gold satin and various furs. Clothes include coats, coats, outerwear, jackets, shorts, shirts, short shawls, and women have long dresses and evening dresses. Ornaments include rosaries, rings, chains, precious stones, diamonds, emeralds, pearls, agates and so on. Clothing strives to get rid of ancient customs and pursue fashion. The decorations and buttons in oriental clothes are absorbed by Europeans. Men's coats are lined with buttons or gems, and even underwear buttons are decorated with gems and buttons.