What are the natural scenery and human characteristics of Nanjing?
The natural scenery of Nanjing:
The Qinhuai Scenic Belt of Confucius Temple is located in Qinhuai District, Nanjing, with the ancient buildings of Confucius Temple as the center, the Shili Qinhuai as the axis and the Ming City Wall as the link. With Confucianism, imperial examination culture and folk culture as the connotation, a number of national key cultural relics protection units and provincial and municipal cultural relics protection units are connected in series.
It integrates natural scenery, landscape gardens, temples, schools, folk houses, local customs, food shopping, popular science education and festival culture. It is the history and culture of Nanjing. It is also a well-known open national 5A scenic spot in China and one of the top 40 scenic spots in China.
Qinhuai River is the cradle of Nanjing, the ancient civilization and mother river of China, and enjoys a high reputation in history. This place is known as the smoky moon area of the Six Dynasties, a gathering place for gold powder, and a prosperous place for ten generations. Clothing cultural relics, prosperous Jiangnan; Beautiful literary talents are all in the sea. It is called the first historical and cultural river in China.
The humanistic characteristics of Nanjing;
Nanjing Mandarin is spoken in most parts of Nanjing, and Wu dialect is spoken in most parts of Gaochun District and southern Lishui District.
Nanjing dialect has been the official language of China for a long time in history. As an orthodox branch of ancient Central Plains elegant language, Jinling elegant language has been established as the standard pronunciation of Chinese in China, which has a far-reaching influence on the language form of China until today. Coupled with the superior consciousness of China culture since the Six Dynasties, the official standard language of China before the middle of Qing Dynasty was based on Nanjing Mandarin.
Extended information:
Nanjing is located in the east of China, in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, near the Yangtze River. It is the headquarters of China, the eastern war zone, the shipping and logistics center of yangtze river international, an important national gateway city driven by the radiation of the Yangtze River Delta, and an important node city where the eastern coastal economic belt and the Yangtze River economic belt meet strategically.
Nanjing is one of the first national historical and cultural cities, an important birthplace of Chinese civilization, and has long been the political, economic and cultural center of southern China. China Zhengshuo has been blessed several times in history and has a special position and value in the history of China.
As early as1-65438+200,000 years ago, there were ancient human activities in Nanjing. Nanjing ape-man lived in Tangshan 350,000-600,000 years ago, with a history of more than 7,000 years of civilization, nearly 2,600 years of city building and nearly 500 years of capital building. It is called the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties and the metropolis of the Ten Dynasties.
Nanjing is an important science and education center in China. It has been a city that respects education since ancient times. It has the literary fulcrum of the world and the first school in southeast China. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, more than half of China's top scholars came from Gong Yuan in the south of Nanjing.
By 2005, there were 7 1 universities in Nanjing, including 9 planned universities and 25 disciplines, second only to Beijing. There are 2 1 universities of 8 levels, 1 12 first-class universities, and 8/kloc-0 academicians of the two academies, ranking third in the country; Among the top 50 scientific research cities in the world, Nanjing ranks first in the world and third in the country with 12.
On June 27th, 2008, the twelve gates of Nanjing Ming City Wall were covered with bright red Spring Festival couplets.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Nanjing
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Qinhuai Scenic Belt of Confucius Temple
Today Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival is the city flower of Nanjing. Visiting and appreciating plum blossoms is a folk custom in Nanjing, which has lasted for a long time since the Six Dynasties. Now there are plum gardens in Pearl Spring, Fujiabian and Gulin Park in Nanjing, especially Meihua Mountain. Every year from the end of February to mid-March, Nanjing will hold the International Plum Blossom Festival, and as many as 400,000 people will participate in the activities at the main venue of Meihua Mountain. Jiang Xinzhou Grape Festival Jiang Xinzhou, an island in the Yangtze River southwest of Nanjing, has beautiful scenery. From July to August, thousands of acres of vineyards on the island are fruitful. Tourists visit the European continent, enjoy the scenery of the great river, enjoy the natural oxygen bar and enjoy the wild interest of picking grapes. Nanjing Golden Autumn Rain Flower Stone Art Festival Rain Flower Stone is one of the landmark buildings in Nanjing. In September, Yuhuatai Scenic Area will hold a series of activities such as Rain Flower Show, Rain Flower Stone Exhibition, Seminar and Quarrying Tour. Liuhe County, the origin of stone materials, has also carried out sub-venue activities. New Year's bell is usually held in qixia temple Bell Tower. The owner of the temple chanted prayers and wished the people peace, and then the guest representatives rang the bronze bell 108. The whole hall was filled with a peaceful and festive atmosphere. Guling Osmanthus Festival is located in Guling Guiyuan, a scenic spot of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. It is the largest Gui Huayuan in China, with an area of 1.700 mu and nearly 20,000 osmanthus trees planted. Every September, sweet-scented osmanthus smells fragrant and flowers bloom, attracting many tourists to Linggu Temple to enjoy autumn sweet-scented osmanthus. Gaochun Crab Festival is held every year from September 30th to June 6th. 10. It has become the custom of Nanjing people to go to Gaochun, eat crabs, see the giant Buddha and visit the old streets. Gaochun old street, Youzishan, Yinghu Taoyuan and other places will also hold activities such as opera, lanterns, martial arts, dragon boat performances, crabs and bonfire parties, which will make Chinese and foreign tourists linger. Known as "Shili Hot Spring, Baili Laoshan Mountain and Li Qian Ginkgo", Pukou Eco-tourism Festival is a tourism festival that integrates viewing, participation and play. People can fully feel the mountains, water, green and air through a series of activities such as water splashing festival, folk culture festival and mountaineering barbecue festival. Zhongshan Mountain in the scenic area was called Jinling Mountain in ancient times, and Zijin Mountain has three parallel peaks. Standing in the eastern suburb of the city, it is the main peak of Ningzhen Mountain. It is 7 kilometers long from east to west and 4 kilometers wide from north to south, stretching back and forth for more than 10 kilometers. Zhong Weishan, pine and cypress converge into a vast forest, including more than 200 places of interest. Zhongshan Scenic Area is a famous scenic spot in China. The main attractions are: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum Scenic Area, ming tomb Scenic Area, Meihua Mountain, Linggu Temple Scenic Area, Purple Mountain Observatory, Zhongshan Botanical Garden, Arctic Pavilion Meteorological Observatory, Jiming Temple, etc. It also includes Xuanwu Lake, Fuguishan around the lake, Jiuhua Mountain, Xiaohongshan, city walls and castles. There are 28 cultural relics protection units above the municipal level. Qinhuai Scenic Belt Confucius Temple Qinhuai River Scenic Area is located in the south of Nanjing, from Qinhuai River to Qinhuai River Pavilion, which is located in the east of Qinhuai River, across Wende Bridge, and extends to Xishuiguan Qinhuai River until Zhonghua Gate Castle. /kloc-for 0/800 years, this place has been one of the most prosperous places in Nanjing. It is called Shili Pearl Curtain. The scenic spot is centered on the Confucius Temple and has the style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is a multi-functional tourist resort integrating temple fairs and street scenes with culture, tourism, commerce and service. Qinhuai River is a tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of about 1 10 km. It is the ancient name of Huaishui, the main river in Nanjing, and its real name is Longcangpu. According to legend, when Qin Shihuang marched eastward, he looked at the purple gas rising above Jinling, thinking it was the gas of the emperor, so he cut Fangshan and broke Changling into the river to show blasphemy. Later generations mistakenly thought that this water was opened by Qin, so it was called Qinhuai River.
For thousands of years, Qinhuai River has nurtured the ancient city of Nanjing. When the spring breeze comes ten miles, thousands of families face the river. Riverside houses near Confucius Temple are all over the world, with colorful windows, bead curtains and lanterns. Qinhuai snack in Confucius Temple is one of the four snack groups in China. Teahouses, restaurants and street snacks abound in the Confucius Temple area, forming a food gathering place with unique traditional characteristics of Qinhuai. After years of efforts, there are seven dim sum temples in Confucius Temple area, which are famous for their exquisite craftsmanship, beautiful appearance, exquisite materials and unique flavor. After expert appraisal, Nanjing Qinhuai District Flavor Snacks Research Association officially named these eight sets of Qinhuai flavor snacks as Qinhuai Eight Unique 65438+ September 0987: they are definitely spiced tea eggs, spiced beans and yuhua tea in Kuiguang Pavilion; Two unique ones are Kaiyang dried shredded crab shell yellow sesame cake in Yongheyuan; Third, it must be the dry sesame oil and roast duck oil cake of Qifangge; Fourth, it must be tofu stains and scallion cakes in Liu Fengju; Five must be assorted buns and shredded chicken noodles in Qifangting; Six must be Jiang's beef soup and beef pot stickers; Seven must be the thin-skinned jiaozi and red soup fried fish noodles in Zhanyuan noodle restaurant; The Eight Musts are sweet-scented osmanthus yuanxiao and five-color cake balls in Lianhu dessert shop. The most famous scenery in Qinhuai is the lantern boat which prevailed in Ming Dynasty. All the boats on the river, big or small, are covered with colorful lights. Anyone who swims around Qinhuai River should take a canoe as soon as possible. Zhu Ziqing elaborated this well in his famous article "Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Paddle Lights". The restored scenery belt of Qinhuai River is centered on Confucius Temple and linked with Qinhuai River, including Zhanyuan, Confucius Temple ancient buildings, Bailuzhou, Zhonghuamen Castle, Qinhuai River cruise ship and Taoyedu to Zhenhuai Bridge. It can be said that it is a tourist route that integrates historical sites, gardens, original boats, towns, rivers and folk customs, and is full of interest and charm. Yuhuatai Scenic Area in the southern suburbs is located at Nanjing Zhonghua Gate 1 km, with an area of 153.7 hectares and a green coverage rate of over 90%. It has been identified as a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national patriotic education demonstration base, the first batch of AAAA-level tourist areas, an advanced collective of national scenic spots and a national demonstration unit for protecting the rights and interests of tourism consumers, and has passed the ISO 900114001certification. The number of tourists exceeds 2 million every year. Yuhuatai, Wudong of the Three Kingdoms is called Lion Mountain, Agate Mountain and Jubao Mountain; During the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism prevailed. According to legend, Master Guangyun is a monk who once set up an altar here to give lectures. Because of his pious words, flowers fall like rain when touching the sky, hence the name. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the story of the rain flower and the wooden wind in the scenic area were listed as one of the eighteen and forty-eight scenic spots in Jinling respectively, which was a famous scenic spot in the south of the Yangtze River. Yuhuatai Scenic Area consists of six functional areas: scenic spots and historic sites, martyrs' cemetery, Shi Yuhua cultural area, Yuhuacha cultural area, recreation area and ecological dense forest area. In recent years, Yuhua Hall, Zhong Er Temple, Mo Mu Pavilion, Gan Long Yubei Pavilion, Fang Xiaoru Tomb, Ma Xinhai Martyrs Tomb, Ganlujing, Xiyuan, Yiyuan and Meigang have been built or newly built. Today, there are the largest grand martyrs memorial buildings in China, historical sites, lush forests, seasonal flowers and plants, world-famous yuhua stone and famous yuhua tea. Become a multi-functional scenic spot integrating education, tourism, leisure and service. Yuhuatai Scenic Area warmly welcomes domestic and foreign guests to visit! The second Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge in Dajiang Scenic Area is located at the downstream of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge 1 1 km, with a total length of 2 1.337 km. It consists of south and north branch bridges, south bank, Baguazhou and north bank leads. Among them, Nancha Bridge is a steel box girder cable-stayed bridge with long length.
The whole line is equipped with monitoring, communication, charging, lighting, dynamic and static weighing systems, as well as landscape lighting of Nancha main bridge, Nancha, Beicha Park and Baguazhou service area. Qixia Mountain Scenic Area is located in the northeast suburb of Nanjing, 22 kilometers away from the urban area, with Qixia Mountain as the center, also known as Sheshan, because of its name Qixia Jingshe was built in Shishan in the Southern Dynasties. This mountain has three peaks. Sanmao Peak, the main peak, is 286 meters above sea level, located on the outskirts of Li Zhuo, also known as Fengxiang Peak. A mountain in the northeast, shaped like Wolong, is named Longshan; There is a mountain in the northwest, which looks like a crouching tiger and is called Tiger Mountain. Xiashan Mountain is famous in the south of the Yangtze River, not only because it has thousands of Buddha rocks carved by qixia temple and Southern Dynasties, but also because of its deep forests, clear springs, steep rocks and intoxicating scenery. It is called the first Ming Xiushan in Jinling. Qixia in late autumn is full of red leaves and dyed forests. People in Nanjing like to visit relatives, including the first cow in spring and Qixia in autumn. Tangshan Scenic Area Tangshan Cultural Scenic Area is located in the eastern suburb of Nanjing, with a distance of 17 km. It is a unique area that integrates historical sites, springs, caves, lakes and temples, and integrates human landscape and natural scenery. Jinniu Lake Scenic Area Jinniu Lake Scenic Area is located in the hilly area in the northeast of Liuhe District, located in the upper reaches of Babaili River, a tributary of the Chu River, at the foot of Jinniu Mountain in Babaili Town. This lake is named after this mountain. It is the largest artificial reservoir in Nanjing. It is 0/7km away from the county seat/kloc-0, 20km away from Ningyang Highway, 30km away from Ninglian Highway, 5km away from Ninghuai Highway/kloc-0, 3km away from the special railway line of Nanjing Iron and Steel Group Corporation. The lake area has convenient transportation. There are many natural landscape elements in the scenic spot, the ecological environment is well protected, and various tourism resources are well combined and rich in types. According to "China Tourism Resources Census Standard", the tourism resources of scenic spots include seven categories: landscape, waterscape, biological landscape, historical buildings, leisure and fitness, shopping and industry. Niuhu Scenic Area is characterized by famous mountains and rocks, lakes and mountains, and rural scenery, with water sports, outdoor activities and agricultural eco-tourism as the main lines. It is a scenic tourist area integrating folk culture with education, sightseeing, leisure and food. Pearl Spring Scenic Area Pearl Spring Scenic Area is located at the southern foot of Pukouding Mountain in Nanjing. It is 7 kilometers away from pukou railway station and Pukou Ferry, and the bus of Guzhen Line goes directly to the scenic spot. The scenic spot belongs to the humid monsoon climate in the north subtropical zone. The four seasons in the scenic spot are pleasant: peach blossoms and willow greens in spring, lush trees in summer, fresh air in autumn, and snow-covered mountains in winter. Suitable for traveling all year round. The mountains in this area are undulating and winding, which is a part of the extension of old Shandong. It is mainly composed of dolomite and limestone, with rugged rocks and rugged peaks. Temple Peak, Lion Peak and Furong Peak stand on the north side. The highest peak is Miao Feng, with an altitude of 255.5 meters. Surrounded by mountains, lush trees, deep and quiet valleys, clear sea water, misty springs and bright pearls are all endless fun. It is famous for its beautiful mountains, beautiful rocks, Shui Li and strange springs. As early as the Southern Dynasties, Liang Wudi legally built a mountain temple for monks at the foot of the Lion Peak. The air was filled with fragrance, and the Pearl Spring began in Sri Lanka. After that, the Indian monk Dharma broke the reed and crossed the river to Dingshan Temple, facing the wall for several years. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were more than 30 buildings, terraces, pavilions and pavilions around Pearl Spring, which formed a beautiful landscape integrating mountains, rivers and gardens. There are a constant stream of tourists, which is called the first stop in Jiangbei. City flower (plum blossom) Plum blossom is the city flower of Nanjing. Nanjing has a long history of plum blossom resorts, such as Meiyuan New Village and Meihua Mountain. Plum blossoms have a cedar-like character and have withstood the test of ice and snow. Plum blossoms are in bud. Early spring and February, ears