Anecdotes about Su Shi

Note: The following anecdotes are only widely circulated, and their authenticity needs to be verified. 1. Youthful and frivolous Su Dongpo read some books when he was young. Because of his intelligence, he was often praised by his teachers. Rather arrogantly, he posted a couplet in front of his house: "Know the Chinese characters all over the world, read all the books in the world." After his mother Cheng came back, she criticized Su Shi, so Su Shi changed the couplet to "Know the Chinese characters all over the world with anger, and read all the books in the world." Determined to read all the books in the world" to encourage myself. 2. Su Shi "deceived" his teacher Su Shi into becoming a Jinshi, and wrote an article in the Spring and Autumn Period called "On Punishing and Rewarding Honesty", which contains the following paragraphs: In the time of Yao, Gao Tao was a scholar, and he was about to kill someone. Gao Tao said, "Kill." "Three of the three", Yao said "the three of pardon", so the world was afraid of Gaotao's firmness in enforcing the law, but was happy about Yao's lenient punishment. Siyue said, "Gun can use it." Yao said, "No, Gun will order the tribe." After that, he said, "Try it." How could Yao not listen to Gao Tao's murder, but follow the four mountains and use Gun? However, the meaning of the saint can also be seen. Mei Shengyu, the judge at that time, admired Su Shi's article very much, but anyone with historical knowledge knows that Gao Tao was Shun's judicial officer. Is it related to Yao? Mei Shengyu didn't understand this. After reading it several times, he asked Su Shi. Su Shi said that the answer was in "Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Kong Rong". However, after Mei Shengyu read it many times, he still couldn't find the source, so he Ask Su Shi again. Su Shi had no choice but to answer honestly that it was his own fabrication. Mei Shengyu was even more puzzled. Su Shi said that in the "Three Kingdoms: Kong Rong Biography", Kong Rong told Cao Cao that King Zhou of Shang rewarded Daji to Duke Zhou. Cao Cao asked if this was the case. , Kong Rong replied that it exists today, and it should also exist in ancient times. Su Shi made up such a story based on this, which made Mei Shengyu appreciate Su Shi even more. 3. Dongpo Pork When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, he wrote the famous limerick "Ode to Pork": "Huangzhou has good pork, but the price is like dirt. The rich refuse to eat it, and the poor don't know how to cook it. Slow down the fire and use less water. , when the heat is sufficient, it will be delicious. Get up and make a bowl every day, and you will be so full that you don't care." The "slow fire, use less water, it will be beautiful when the heat is sufficient" is the famous Dongpo Pork cooking method. . Su Dongpo later served as the governor of Hangzhou and was deeply loved by the people. And this "Dongpo Pork" also became famous in Hangzhou and became a famous local dish. 4. Su Shi checked out Su Shi lived in Changzhou. He spent the last bit of his savings and bought a house. He was about to move in at a certain date. By chance, he heard an old woman crying very sadly. He asked the old woman why she was crying. The old woman said that she had a house that had been passed down for hundreds of years and was sold by unfilial descendants, so she was crying sadly. After careful questioning, it turned out that the house Su Shi bought was the ancestral house that the old woman said. So Su Shi said to her: "My former residence was sold by me. There is no need to feel deeply sad. Now I should give this house back to me." Su Shi immediately burned the deed of the house and only rented a house to live in. 5. Reciting poems and attending banquets. When Su Shi was twenty years old, he went to the capital to take a scientific examination. There were six arrogant people who looked down upon him and decided to invite Su Shi to a banquet with the intention of teasing him. Su Shi went happily after accepting the invitation. Before they even moved their chopsticks at the table, everyone proposed a drinking order. The content of the drinking order must quote historical figures and events, so that you can eat a plate of food alone. The other five people roared with cheers. "I'll come first." The older one said, "Jiang Ziya fishes on the Weishui River!" After saying that, he took away a plate of fish. "Qin Shubao sells horses in Chang'an!" The second man took away the horse meat with dignity. "Su Ziqing Beihu Shepherd!" The third person took the mutton without showing any signs of weakness. "Zhang Yide sells meat in Zhuo County!" The fourth one shouted hurriedly and stretched out his hand to pick up the meat. "Guan Yunchang Jingzhou scrapes the bones!" The fifth couldn't wait to snatch the bones. "Zhuge Liang grows vegetables in Longzhong!" The sixth arrogantly picked up the last vegetable. After all the dishes were finished, the six people were happily preparing to eat and laugh at Su Shi, but Su Shi calmly chanted: "Qin Shihuang annexed the six countries!" After saying that, he put all six dishes in front of him and said with a smile : "Brothers, please come!" Liuju people were dumbfounded. 6. Get ahead. When Su Shi took the college entrance examination in Beijing, the presiding examiner was Ouyang Xiu, a famous literary figure from the Northern Song Dynasty. When he was reviewing the papers, he was fascinated by Su Shi's gorgeous writing style. To prevent favoritism, the examination papers at that time were all anonymous. Therefore, although Ouyang Xiu wanted to choose this article as the first one, he felt that this article was very similar to what his disciple Zeng Gong had written, and he was afraid that it would be true, so he finally ranked it second. It wasn't until the list was published that Ouyang Xiu knew that the author of the article was Su Shi. After knowing the true situation, Ouyang Xiu regretted it, but Su Shi didn't care about it at all. Su Shi's generosity and outstanding talent made Ouyang Xiu admire him: "Such a young talent should really be recognized and officially accepted." Su Shi was his disciple. 7. Family gathering After Su Shi came second in high school, the three Su family members and Su Xiaomei’s family, who is famous for her three-dimensional troubles, Qin Shaoyou, gathered in the garden to celebrate. Su Shi’s father, Su Xun, named the two names "Leng and Xiang". Each person was asked to write two poems that fit the situation. To take the lead, Su Laoquan walked slowly to the flower pond and chanted: "The water flows cold from the stone edge, and the wind comes from the flowers." Shaoyou Station. He got up and picked fragrant wintersweet petals, flicked his fingers and said: "The cold words are unknown, but the plum blossoms are fragrant all over my fingers." "The younger sister also went to pick flowers. Shaoyou wanted to laugh at him for imitating her, but the younger sister said: "The cuckoos in the sun have cold mouthpieces, and the flowers in the night are sweet in the dreams of butterflies." After saying this, he spread his palms and found that a butterfly had been pinched to death. Daughter The characteristics were revealed, and everyone applauded in unison. Su Shi brushed the stone bench with his belt and rode away. Su Laoquan shouted: "My son, don't leave if you can't answer."

" Before he finished speaking, Su Shi said two sentences in a long voice: "I sat down on the stone and my clothes were cold, and when I stepped on the flowers and returned home, the smell of horseshoes was fragrant." Although this is a legend and its credibility cannot be tested, we can also get a glimpse of Su Shi's attitude from it. 8. Making cakes to worship Buddha. Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian lived in Jinshan Temple. One day, they made an agreement to make cakes without telling the Buddha in the temple. After calculating the number, they first presented the cake to the seat of Guanyin Bodhisattva, bowed diligently, and prayed. Unexpectedly, the Buddha's seal had been hidden in the divine tent. While the two were kneeling to pray, they reached out and stole two pieces of cake. After Su Shi paid his respects, he stood up and saw that two pieces of cake were missing. He knelt down and prayed again: "Guanyin Bodhisattva has such magical powers and ate two pieces of cake. Why doesn't he come out to meet you?" " Foyin replied in the tent: "If I have some food, I will make a few joints with you to eat. How dare you bother me in vain? " 9. Reciting poems and admiring the moon. Su Dongpo was in Hangzhou and liked to make friends with the monks of the West Lake Temple. He was the best friend with the monk Foyin of Jinshan Temple. They often joked while drinking and reciting poems. Monk Foyin was delicious, and whenever Su Dongpo held a banquet, He always came uninvited to entertain guests. One night, Su Dongpo invited Huang Tingjian to go on a tour of the West Lake. There was a lot of food and wine on the boat. When the boat left the shore, Su Dongpo smiled and said to Huang Tingjian: "Foyin has to come to every party. Today. In the evening we took a boat to the lake to drink, chant poems and have a good time, but he couldn't come anyway. "Unexpectedly, Monk Foyin had already heard that Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian were going to visit the lake, so he hid under the cabin board before they got on the boat. The bright moon was in the sky, the cool breeze was refreshing, the fragrance of lotus filled the lake, and the boat Slowly arriving at the Three Pagodas of the West Lake, Su Dongpo held the wine glass, twirled his beard, and happily said to Huang Tingjian: "There is no Buddha seal today, so we are quite quiet. Let's start with a drinking order. The first two sentences should be used in real time, and the last two sentences should be used in real time. The sentence should end with the word '哉'. Huang Tingjian said: "Okay!" Su Dongpo said first: "The clouds part and the bright moon comes out. What can the sky say?" What can God say? "Huang Tingjian looked at the lotus flowers in the lake, and then said: "Pull the lotus seeds away, and the fish will come out, and they will find their place! Well done! " At this time, Foyin couldn't bear it anymore under the cabin plank. After hearing Huang Tingjian's words, he pushed the cabin plank away, climbed out, and said: "Pull the ship plank aside, and the Buddha's seal comes out. It's so frustrating! It’s so frustrating! "Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian were startled when they saw a man suddenly crawling out from under the ship's plank. After a closer look, it turned out to be Buddha's seal. When they heard him say these four lines of poetry, they couldn't help laughing. Su Dongpo He took the Buddha seal and sat down, saying: "You hid it well and you did it right, but you finally got it again today! So, the three of them admired the moon and swam around the lake, chatting and laughing. 10. Dongpo Fish Su Shi was not only a literary master, but also good at food. In addition to the well-known Dongpo elbow, Su Shi was also good at cooking fish. The fish he cooked was excellent. Once, Su Shi was in a mood of elegance and cooked fish himself. Just after it was cooked, he saw Huang Tingjian coming in through the window. , the two often bickered for fun). Knowing that they were just trying to make ends meet, Huang Tingjian hurriedly hid the fish on the top of the cupboard and said, "I'm asking Brother Zizhan today, how do I write Su Shi?" Su Shi responded with a long face: "Su, go up and down the grass and fish on the left and the corn on the right." Huang Tingjian said again: "Can we put this fish on the right side?" Su Shi said: "That's okay." Huang Tingjian continued: "Is it okay to put this fish on top?" Su Shi said: "How can there be any reason to put fish on it?" Huang Tingjian pointed to the top of the cupboard and said with a smile: "Since Brother Zizhan also knows this truth, why do you still put the fish on it?" ! "Su Shi, who has always been quick-thinking, was completely messed up by Huang Tingjian this time! 11. Fruits and Medicines Not long after Su Shi got married, he was invited to be a guest at Liu Gong's father's house. When he got there, a servant came and asked him to go back immediately, saying that his wife had Urgent matter. Liu Gong's father deliberately sarcastically chanted: "Fortunately (apricots, jujubes, plums), and calm (Cistanche deserticola is a traditional Chinese medicine). "This sentence contains three kinds of fruit names and one kind of medicine name. Su Shi didn't look back, stepped on the saddle and walked away, saying as he walked: "But this matter (Nai, the genus of apple, sugarcane, persimmon) must be treated with Danggui (Angelica sinensis). is the name of a Chinese medicine). "The talent of layman Dongpo is really admirable. 12. Life and death After Su Shi was imprisoned, Emperor Shenzong sent a young eunuch to pretend to be a prisoner and sleep with Dongpo in prison in order to test whether he had any hatred for the emperor. During the daytime meal , the little eunuch teased him with words, Su Shi ate the food with gusto, and replied: "No matter how thunder strikes, my heart will remain unmoved!" "At night, when he fell asleep, the little eunuch teased him again: "Sister Su, wouldn't it be a shame to sleep on such a bed? Su Shi ignored him and snored. The little eunuch woke him up early the next morning and said, "Congratulations, sir, you have been pardoned." "You know, that night was extremely dangerous. As long as Su Shi complained a little or acted strangely like not eating well or sleeping well, he would be in danger. 13. After the restoration of conservatives in the court, Sima Guangzhong, a famous writer in the Northern Song Dynasty who was famous for smashing vats At this time, the new law was completely abolished. At this time, Su Shi, who was also a conservative, advocated that the new law should not be completely rejected and that good people and bad people should be treated differently. Therefore, he had a fierce conflict with Sima Guang and was demoted to Guazhou again. Although Su Shi believed in it. He was a Buddhist, but he didn't like monks. He heard that there was a monk named Foyin in Guazhou Jinshan Temple who was very famous. When he heard about it, Su Shi was not convinced, so he decided to go to the mountain to meet the old monk. Talking about civil and military officials, from governing the country to being a human being, the monk listened quietly. Seeing that Fo Yin had been silent, Su Shi looked down on him from the bottom of his heart.

I thought to myself: Everyone says he is capable, but he is just a loser, and he came here to defraud a few people out of their incense money! The topic slowly turned to Buddhist matters. At this time Foyin asked: "What kind of person should Lao Na be in the eyes of Mr. Su Shi?" Su Shi was full of contempt and casually replied: "What do you think in the eyes of ordinary people?" You may be capable, but that's because they are shallow. In fact, you make up your mind every day and have no real talent. You are just a liar!" Foyin smiled slightly and said nothing. Seeing him like this, Su Shi not only looked down upon the monk even more, but also became very proud of himself, so he took advantage of it and asked: "Who do you think I, the Great Scholar Su, am in your eyes?" "You are a very knowledgeable and cultivated person. Man, it is better for you to lose yourself!" Foyin replied. After returning home, Su Shi proudly told his little sister how to make the monk in the morning. After hearing this, Su Shi laughed so much that her rice gushed out. Su Shi was confused and asked: "Why are you laughing, little sister?" "You belittled the monk and he not only didn't get angry but praised you. Who do you think has cultivation? How can cultivation come from without knowledge? You still think you are better than others." Strong? I’m so embarrassed that you don’t even know!” After hearing this, Su Shi suddenly realized that he and Master Foyin became sworn friends from then on. 14. One day before the "bones" were cold, Su Shi and Foyin took a boat trip to the West Lake. Master Foyin suddenly took out a fan inscribed with Dongpo's poems, threw it into the river, and loudly said: "The water flows Dongpo's poems" ( Corpse!" Su Shi was stunned for a moment, but he quickly pointed to the dog chewing bones on the river bank and chanted: "The dog is chewing the bones on the river!" 15. Dongpo was eating grass and doing nothing. Su Shi went to Jinshan Temple to visit Master Foyin. Unexpectedly, the master was not there, and a young novice came to open the door. Su Shi said proudly: "Where is the bald donkey?" The little novice monk pointed calmly into the distance and replied: "Eating grass on the east slope!" 16. Couplet to retreat the enemy During the Northern Song Dynasty, the Song people were repeatedly invaded by the Liao State. The imperial court, which was deliberately seeking peace, attracted an envoy from the Liao State and asked the Song people to answer the first couplet: three lights, sun, moon and stars. If the second couplet appears, the troops will be withdrawn and peace will be negotiated. This couplet seems simple, but it is not easy to understand. The numbers in the sentence correspond exactly to the things that follow, and the numbers selected in the couplet correspond to things that are more or less than three. Su Shi, who happened to be back in Beijing to report on his work, cleverly combined the upper and lower couplets with a stroke of his pen: Four poems in ode to elegance. The beauty of this couplet is that the "Four Poems" only have three names: "Ode to Fengya", because there are "Daya" and "Xiaoya" in the Book of Songs, which are collectively called "Ya". In addition to the four parts of "National Style" and "Ode to Poems", "The Book of Songs" is also called the "Four Poems". The witty couplets are so perfect that the Liao envoy admired them greatly. 17. In a pair of three people, one must be my teacher. Su Shi, his younger sister, and Huang Tingjian were enjoying paintings one day. It was interesting to see the inscription above: the gentle breeze represents thin willows, and the pale moon represents plum blossoms. It seems that it is a four-character couplet, but there is an empty word in the middle. My sister suggested adding words in the middle to make it a five-character couplet. Huang Tingjian's answer is: the thin willows dance in the breeze, and the plum blossoms are hidden in the pale moon. Su Shi added: The gentle breeze shakes the thin willows, and the pale moon reflects the plum blossoms. The little girl thought for a moment and responded immediately, filling in words to make it: The gentle breeze supports the thin willows, and the pale moon loses the plum blossoms. Looking at the couplets of the three people, the younger sister is the best: the word "help" not only writes the gentleness of the wind and the fragility of the willow, but also the intimacy between the wind and the willow, making it more vivid; The word "hidden" is appropriate. It not only emphasizes the brightness of the moonlight, but also takes into account the cleanliness of the plum blossoms. It highlights the scene where the two merge into one color, which is more consistent and appropriate. 18. His plan: Although Su Shi's close friend Foyin was a monk, he never avoided eating and drinking. On this day, Foyin fried fish and drank wine, and Su Shi happened to come to visit. Foyin hurriedly hid the fish under the big chime (wooden fish). Su Shi had already smelled the fish fragrance and disappeared when he came in. Thinking of Huang Tingjian's trick that day, he suddenly thought about it and said deliberately: "I came to ask the master today, what is the next sentence of Xiangyang Mendi's spring is always there?" Foyin I was deeply surprised that my old friend recited an old and well-known sentence, so I casually said the following sentence: People who accumulate good deeds will always be happy. Su Shi touched his palm and laughed: "Since there are fish (surplus) in the chime (qing), let's accumulate some kindness and use it to enjoy it." 19. Wushan River Water Once, Su Shi made an appointment with his brother Su Che and Master Foyin. The three of them traveled together, and Foyin improvised a sentence: Wushan is as good as Wushan. The key lies in the homophony of "wu" and "wu". Su Che said: How can a leaf be as round as a lotus leaf? After hearing this, Su Shi said to his younger brother: It is good to use the homophonic pronunciation of "He He" and "无武", but would it be better to change it to this: He water can be as clear as a river. After hearing this, Foyin and Su Zhe agreed. Using "water" against "mountain" would win the battle more steadily. 20. The little sister of Lianqi. Su Shi, who had not seen his friend for a long time, invited Huang Tingjian to his home. When the little sister saw her brother going out to greet him in person, she made a joke about it, saying: Brother, I invite you to Shuangyue. "Double Moon" is combined into the word "Peng". Su Shi knew that the little sister was joking with him, so he immediately said: Little sister catches the wind in front of the window. "Half" is very appropriate for "double", and "wind" is for "moon". Interestingly, the traditional Chinese character for "风" is "风", and Banfeng means "lice", which means that the little girl is catching lice in front of the window. The little girl turned away in anger. 21. Rice and rice. After Su Shi returned to office, he once talked to Liu Gong's father: "When I was in prison, I ate three white rice every day, and it was still very sweet. There is nothing more delicious than this in the world!". Liu Gong's father asked what three white rice was, and Su Shi replied: "A pinch of salt, a plate of raw radish, and a bowl of rice, this is 'three white rice'." Su Shi forgot about this. One day, I received an invitation from Liu Gong's father, inviting Su Shi to have a meal at his house. Su Shi readily accepted the appointment. But when Su Shi arrived at the place and found that there were only salt, radishes, and rice on the table, he suddenly realized that Liu Gong's father had been teasing him.

A few days later, Liu Gong's father also received an invitation from Su Shi, inviting him to have a cuì meal. Liu Gong's father knew that Su Shi wanted to take revenge, but he was curious and wanted to know what Niifan was, so he finally went. Su Shi chatted with Liu Gong's father from morning to night, making Liu Gong's father so hungry that his chest pressed against his back. I really can’t help but ask where is the meal? Su Shi replied slowly: "The salt is also hairy (mǎo, (无, meaning "without"), the radish is also hairy, and the rice is also hairy. Isn't it 'waste' rice? In fact, you have been enjoying it." Liu Gong After their father was shocked, they both laughed at the same time. 22. The Contradiction between Su Shi and Wang Anshi Wang Anshi and Su Shi were both successful young people. Wang Anshi passed the Jinshi exam at the age of 22, and Su Shi and Wang Anshi passed the Jinshi exam at the age of 23. Both were regarded as talented people, and both were famous for their poetry. The real confrontation between the two began in the second year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1069). At that time, the Su brothers returned to the capital after their father's funeral. Su Shi was appointed as the magistrate of Zhishi Museum and Kaifeng Prefecture, and Wang Anshi, who was trusted by Shenzong and served as Pingzhangshi (prime minister) of Zhongshu Menxia, ??was vigorously promoting the reform and new policies. In this way, two great writers were officials in the same dynasty, and the disputes were resolved by This is the beginning. Wang Anshi's determination to reform with the courage of "people's words are not enough, the ancestors' laws are not enough, and the changes of nature are not enough" is also admirable. But the key issue is that in the face of complex social conditions, "conservatism is not enough". In the face of Chinese people, especially bureaucrats and bureaucrats, who are naturally inclined to follow the teaching of "wudong", is it better to carry out reforms radically or gradually? Extraordinary style. As for Su Shi, it is not that he does not advocate change, he just hopes not to be "too hasty", because "if the law is consistent, the people will not be alarmed." Therefore, the political opinions of the two people are not the same. 23. The second chapter of Su Shi and Gao Qiu's "Water Margin" tells the story of Gao Qiu's fortune, saying that he was originally a young man from Kaifeng Prefecture. He is quite good at poetry, calligraphy, and poetry. But when it comes to benevolence, justice, etiquette, wisdom, and loyalty, he is not good at it." After living in Linhuai Prefecture for a few years, he was introduced to General Dong who opened a medicine shop under the Jinliang Bridge in the capital. At home, General Dong did not want to keep him, so he recommended him to "Xiao Su Xueshi". "Xiao Xue Xue" only kept Gao Qiu in the house for one night, and then introduced him to the Prince Consort Wang Jinqing, and they became acquainted with him thereafter. Song Huizong, who was King Duan at the time, rose to prominence due to his good football and became a Taiwei. Readers may not know who this "Little Su Scholar" is, and how he can have such a great reputation. The humble official recommended him to the prince-in-law of the dynasty. It turned out that this "Little Su Scholar" should be the famous "Da Su Scholar", which is the well-known Dongpo scholar Su Shi. Seven pairs of Gao Qiu's fortune are detailed. Combining with other relevant information, we know that Gao Qiu was originally a minor official in Su Dongpo's mansion. Su Xueshi saw that Gao Qiu's articles were quite elegant, so he admired him very much. (1093), when Su Shi became the prefect of Zhongshan Prefecture from the Hanlin Academy, he recommended him to Zeng Bu, a Hanlin scholar. Zeng Bu already had many officials in the government, so he did not accept him. Su Shi recommended Gao Qiu to his consort. Duwei Wang Jinqing. Gao Qiu lived in the palace for seven years. It was not until the third year of Zhe Zong's Yuanfu year (1100) that he met King Duan by chance. One month later, Zhe Zong died. When the king became emperor, he became Huizong. Gao Qiu was "immigrated to worship" by Huizong. A few years later, he was promoted to Jiedushi and gradually promoted to privy envoy. "He who traveled through the three yamen for twenty years and took charge of the front office of the palace has been in charge since Qiu Shi." When one person attains Taoism, chickens and dogs ascend to heaven, his father Gao Dun is promoted to Jiedushi again, and his brother Gao Shen also takes advantage of Gao Qiu's influence to become a prominent official. His children are all Langguan, and the family is extremely glorious. Besides, Su Shi was repeatedly demoted due to party disputes within the court. In the eighth year of Yuanyou (1093), the Empress Dowager Xuanren died and Zhezong took over the throne. As a figure in the old party, Su Shi knew that his political views were not tolerated by the new government, so he wisely invited an outsider to serve as the prefect of Zhongshan. In less than a year, the political situation became worse and worse. In April of the first year of Shaosheng (1094), the court officials impeached him for slandering the previous dynasty in the words he wrote when he was a Hanlin scholar, and he was demoted to the British. He was the magistrate of Zhouzhou (today's Yingde City, Guangdong Province). Before he took office, he was demoted to deputy envoy of Ningyuan Army and settled in Huizhou. That's not all. Not long after, he was demoted to Qiongzhou Biejia and lived in Changhua Army. He lived a difficult life of "an inhumane place with no medicine or bait" until Huizong ascended the throne (1101). After being pardoned, he returned to the north and died in Changzhou soon after. It can be said that the day when Gao Qiu rose to prominence was when Su Shi suffered a disaster. What is the relationship between the two from now on? "Records of the Huiquhou" says: Gao Qiu was always grateful to Su Shi and never forgot the feeling of commending Su Shi. Whenever the relatives and friends of Su Shi's descendants came to the capital, Gao Qiu would personally ask about them and give them gold and silver to help them. poor. From this point of view, Su Shi recommended Gao Qiu to Wang Jinqing not because he disliked him for being frivolous and frivolous, but precisely because of his appreciation for his talents. Su Shi was an upright and heroic person throughout his life, and never put his guard up against others. Gao Wenhu of the Song Dynasty said in "Liaohuazhou Xianlu": "Su Zizhan loved all the scholars in the world, and he was happy with all the virtuous and dishonest people. He said: 'I can accompany the Jade Emperor, and I can accompany the beggars of Beitian Court.'" Zi You (His younger brother Su Zhe, known as "Xiao Su Xueshi") He was silent for a long time, but he tried to warn Zizhan about choosing friends. Zizhan said: "There is no bad person in the world before me. This is a disease."

'" Things in the world are often so dramatic. Su Shi and Gao Qiu had different political views and very different life orientations. It can be said that they were not the same people at all. However, when the Su family children were too poor to survive, it was precisely It was Gao Qiu who in turn saved their lives, allowing Su Shi's nephew to revive his family tradition in the Southern Song Dynasty. This may be due to the fact that Su Shi "saw no bad person in the world before his eyes" and treated everyone with sincerity. Political opponents were also moved by his broad-mindedness. Let me explain Gao Qiu's later years. In the early days of Jingkang, Gao Qiu escorted Huizong to flee south. When he arrived in Linhuai, he suddenly fell ill and had to return to the capital. He was executed and Cai Jing was exiled. Only Gao Qiu was spared from this disaster and later died of illness at home. This was probably because he was worthy of Xuexi in his life and the king of hell did not let him be the ghost of the sword. 24. There is a legend about Su Dongpo in the Song Dynasty who went to Beijing to take the exam. In the early years, I took a boat to take the exam, but due to wind and waves on the way, I missed the start of the exam. At first, the examiner did not allow Su Dongpo to enter. Later, after hearing Su's story, he suddenly felt compassion and recited a couplet for him to answer. After finding out that he was right, he was allowed to take the exam. The couplet written by the examiner was: "A small boat carried two or three candidates and traveled by water for 4-5-6 days. They arrived in Jiujiang in a messy way and arrived very late. "Su Dongpo is worthy of being a talented man of his generation. After a moment's thought, he responded to the second line: "In ten years of hard work, I read ninety-eight volumes of poetry and books, rushed to seventy-sixty-five examination rooms, and went to the second gate one after another. I must enter. "Use the order of the sentences and the reverse order of the couplets. There are scenes, experiences, twists and turns but not rigidity. It is regarded as a coincidence. 25. Su Dongpo was suspected of leaking the title. Su Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou because of the "Wutai Poetry Case", and the local Li Fangshu I sympathized with his situation and visited him often, and the two became close friends. After Su Dongpo was recalled to Beijing, he still exchanged letters with Li Fangshu, and they were as close as before. During the reign of Emperor Yuan of the Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo was ordered to attend the imperial examination, and Li Fangshu also participated in the examination. It is said: Li Fangshu failed the examination. Later, the insider went to see Su Dongpo and asked him to give him a "favor", but Su Dongpo did not agree. He said in a letter to Li Fangshu: "The friendship between gentlemen should encourage each other in the way, not lead each other. Yu Liye..." Uncle Fang was deeply moved after reading it, and the friendship between the two became even deeper. But a recent reading of "Hu's Miscellaneous Comments" written by Hu Yan in the Ming Dynasty revealed another view. Hu said in the book that Su Dongpo He admired Uncle Li Fang very much. One day before the exam, Su Dongpo asked his son Su Shudang to bring a letter to Uncle Li Fang. When Uncle Li Fang was out, Li's servant collected the letter and placed it on the coffee table. Soon after, Zhang Dun's son Zhang Chi. Zhang Yuan and Zhang Yuan came to visit, but Li Fangshu still hadn't returned. Zhang Chi and Zhang Yuan took the slips on the coffee table and read them, which were two chapters of "Liu Xiang Yu Yang Xiong". Zhang Chi and Zhang Yuan knew that there must be news in it. , so he quietly took the slip back and studied it carefully. Soon, Su Dongpo entered the list and it turned out that "Liu Xiang is better than Yang Xiong" was ranked first in Zhang Yuan High School and tenth in Zhang Chi. Uncle Li Fang unexpectedly failed. Li Fangshu's mother sighed: "Su Gong knew about the tribute examination, but my son failed. It's a fate." "Su Dongpo initially thought that the first place must be Uncle Li Fang. When he came out of the curtain, he found out that it was Zhang Yuan. He couldn't help but feel very sorry. He also sent a poem to Uncle Li Fang. One of the poems said: "I've spent my life wandering about the ancient battlefield. When I encounter the mirror, the sun is blurred by the five colors. . " is also the meaning of Mo Kenai's explanation of ridicule. The postscript of "Hu's Miscellany" says: Su Dongpo's original poem "is now at Li Shilian's house in Nanchang. It is combined with Xu Xuan's manuscript and Zhang Jizhi's handwritten notes into one volume. The calligraphy and painting are both lovely. . "Hu Yan was also a well-known Confucian in the Ming Dynasty and had a good reputation. He was not like a nonsense person, but he did not explain where the story came from. If Su Dongpo really used the test questions to hint at the people he meant, it should constitute the crime of "leaking the questions." Fortunately, the Zhang brothers only wanted to win the first place and did not want to harm others. If they wanted to harm others, they would file a complaint with Su Dongpo's hand. Even if Su Dongpo survived, he would have to be exiled for several years. 26. Unable to bear to break up the legend, Su Shi asked. The neighbor was eating. There was a plate of fried sparrows on the table, with 4 sparrows in each dish. The guest ate 3 sparrows without any ceremony, and there was only one left. At this time, the neighbor said to Su Shi: "There is only one left. Take it." Eat it! But Su Shi said: "I can't bear to break them up, so you should eat them!" " 27. Su Shi and Noodles Su Shi was demoted to Hainan, and his younger brother Su Che was demoted to Leizhou. The two met in Tengzhou, and when they were surprised, they went to a roadside shop to eat noodles. Su Shi was open-minded and open-minded, and he could adapt to the situation despite being depressed In the blink of an eye, he had finished all the "gross and inedible" noodles, but Su Che only took a few bites before putting down his chopsticks and sighing. Su Shi teased him jokingly: "Do you still want to taste it carefully? " 28. Cow Shit and Buddha One day, Su Shi and Foyin meditated together. Su Shi asked: "Do you see what I look like?" Foyin said: "I think you look like a Buddha." Su Shi laughed and said to Foyin: "You know what I am?" What do you look like sitting there? Just like a pile of cow dung. Su Shi went home and showed off this matter in front of Su Xiaomei. Su Xiaomei sneered and said to her brother, you are still practicing Zen. What is the most important thing for people who practice Zen? It is to see the mind and nature.

If the Buddha's seal says that you look like a Buddha, that means he has a Buddha in his heart; if you say that the Buddha's seal looks like cow dung, think about what is in your heart!