Zip code: 51

Shawan Ancient Town

Guangzhou Chimelong Wildlife World

Guangzhou Chimelong Wildlife World

Guangzhou Chimelong Wildlife World

is located in the south-central part of Guangdong Province, China, in the hinterland of the Pearl River Delta and the northwest bank of the Pearl River Estuary. It belongs to Guangzhou. With an area of 1,314 square kilometers, Panyu is the oldest county in China. It was founded in the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC) and has a history of more than 2,2 years. It is governed by Nanhai County. It is named after Fanshan and Yushan. In the twenty-second year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (217), Jiaozhou Prefecture was moved to Panyu, where it became the seat of states, counties and counties. Sui, Tang and Northern Song Dynasties merged into Nanhai County. Panyu county was re-established after 1949. In 1992, the county was withdrawn and the city was established. The northern part of the city is a low hill below 5 meters above sea level, and the southern part is the Pearl River alluvial plain. The terrain is inclined from north to northwest to south. The main rivers are the Pearl River and so on. It belongs to the south subtropical maritime monsoon climate, with an average annual precipitation of 19 mm and an average annual temperature of 21.6℃. Traffic is mainly by road and water, and trunk roads such as Fanguang, Fanshun and Fanshi run across the whole territory. The Pearl River has convenient shipping, connecting Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Macao and other places. Agriculture produces rice, sugarcane, peanuts, sweet potatoes, etc., which is the main sugar-producing area in China.

Geographical location

Panyu District [1] is located in the south-central part of Guangzhou, with a total area of 786.15 square kilometers, between 22 45' and 23 5' north latitude and 113 14' and 113 34' east longitude. To the east is the Pearl River, facing Dongguan across the river; It is bounded by chencun waterway and Hongqili in the west and southwest, and is adjacent to Nanhai District, Shunde District and Zhongshan City in Foshan City; To the north are Liwan District, Haizhu District and Huangpu District of Guangzhou; South is Nansha District. The District People's Government is located in Qinghe East Road, Shiqiao Street.

administrative division

division code: 44113

postal code: 5114

area: 786.15 square kilometers

registered population: 947,6 (the actual resident population is about 1.6 million)

jurisdiction: 7 sub-district offices and 1 towns.

Sub-district offices: Shiqiao Street, Qiaonan Street, Donghuan Street, Shatou Street, Luopu Street, Dashi Street, Xiaoguwei Street and Shibi Street Town: Nancun Town, Zhongcun Town, Shawan Town, Shixian Town, Shilou Town, Xinzao Town, Hualong Town, Lanhe Town, Tung Chung Town and dagang town.

regional characteristics

Panyu was founded in the 33rd year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC) with a history of more than 2,2 years. It is an important port city in history, a trading port in past dynasties, a famous "land of plenty" and one of the birthplaces of Lingnan culture. Panyu is the key area of Guangzhou's "south expansion", with obvious geographical advantages and convenient land and water transportation. It is an important industrial strong area and one of the important industrial export bases in Guangzhou. Tourism and real estate have developed rapidly, including Changlong Tourist Resort, a national 5A-level tourist attraction, Lotus Mountain and Baomo Garden, one of the four famous gardens in Guangdong, Yuyin Mountain House, Qifu New Village, Lijiang Garden, South China New Town, Country Garden and other fashionable commercial and residential buildings. Guangzhou University Town is also located in Xiaoguwei Island, Panyu District.

Traffic situation

Panyu River is surrounded by water, and the domestic river network is vertical and horizontal. In the past, the waterway traffic was developed, but the land traffic was very backward. Over the past 2 years of reform and opening up, a large amount of money has been invested in the construction of roads, bridges and ports. In 24, 114 kilometers of roads and 27 bridges were built, rebuilt and expanded. Now, Panyu District has convenient land and water transportation and developed passenger and cargo transportation. Through Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, Nansha Port Expressway, National Highway 15, South China Expressway and Xinguang Expressway, you can easily reach other districts, cities and surrounding areas in Guangzhou. Hong Kong and Macao can be quickly reached by land and water; Guangzhou Metro Lines 3 and 4 can easily reach other parts of Guangzhou.

the origin of the name

Panyu is an ancient county set up in the 33rd year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC), which is the first county of Nanhai County and the seat of county administration. Before Qin dynasty, there were many names for Panyu and Lingnan area. "Records of Yuanhe County"]] "Lingnan Road" Notes: "Guangzhou, the land of spring and autumn." In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was generally called Baiyue, and in the Warring States Period, it was called "Yangyue". The Biography of South Vietnam in Historical Records said: "The Qin Dynasty has merged with the world, and it is slightly decided to Yangyue, and it is located in Guilin, Nanhai and Xiangjun." Zhang Yan's "Yangyue" bet on the cloud: "Yangzhou's South Vietnam is also." He also quoted the cloud in "Warring States Policy": "Wuqi captured Chu and won Yang Yue". The "Yang Yue" in the Warring States Period generally includes Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi. However, Lingnan, with its inconvenient transportation, vast territory and sparse population, has not become the sphere of influence of Chu State. During the Qin Dynasty, it was also called "Luliang" in Lingnan, and Records of the First Qin Emperor contained: "Thirty-three years. Slightly take Luliang land, Guilin, Xiangjun and Nanhai. " "Justice" Note: "People in Lingnan have many mountains and lands, and their nature is strong, so they are called Luliang". "Yangyue" is an ancient name with a wide area; After the name of "Luliang", it specifically refers to Lingnan.

the name "Panyu" has existed since the warring States period. Notes on Shuijing _ Shuipian: "_ Shuidong doesn't pass through Panyu, and Shan Hai Jing is called Ben Yu." The Classic of Mountains and Seas contains "Eight Trees in Guilin in the East of Benyu", and Guo Pu notes: "Today Panyu." The historical materials in the early Han Dynasty also mentioned "Panyu" in many places, or it was also written as "Fanyu (Corner)", that is, the Panyu area in Guangzhou today was the most important settlement in Lingnan at that time, which had formed a regional political and economic center and was also the earliest place name in Guangdong.

the name of "Panyu" has always been different. There are three main points:

First, the theory of "two mountains". Geographical Records of the Later Han Dynasty, Records of Yuanhe Counties in Tang Dynasty and Records of Beginners, etc. all think that there are Fanshan and Yushan in county governance, so they are named after them. In the Ming Dynasty, Huang Zuo's "Guangdong Tongzhi" contained: "Panyu County governs Fanshan Mountain in the southeast, with many kapok mountains and Pangong Palace under it; From the south to the north, there are many pines and cypresses on Mount Yushan. " Huang Zuo's "Two Mountains in Panyu" says: "The two mountains are connected like a city, and in the Southern Han Dynasty, Liu _ chiseled flat." Panyu is named after the two mountains, which has a long history.

the second is the theory of "one mountain", that is, the corner of Fanshan. Li Daoyuan's "Notes on Water Classics" reads: "Today, there is a Shuikeng Mausoleum in the southeast of the city, and the city leans on it. It is said that the name of this county is Fanshan; The name of the county is Panyu, which is also the name of Fanshan. " Yu, namely corner, refers to the nearby place.

the third is the theory of "the land of barbarians". In 1953, a lacquer box with the word "Fanyu" was unearthed in the tomb of No.1 Shitougang, West Village, Guangzhou. In 1983, a Chinese bronze tripod with the word "Fanyu" was unearthed in the tomb of Nanyue King in Xianggang, Guangzhou. According to unearthed cultural relics, archaeologist Mai Yinghao believes that from Qin Dynasty to the early Han Dynasty, Panyu's "Fan" wrote "Fan" and communicated with "Fan". That is, the meaning of barbarians and barbarians. "Zhou Li Qiu Guan" says: "Outside Kyushu, it is called a fan country". Yu, still corner, refers to the regional and remote places. Before the Qin and Han Dynasties, Panyu was a secluded corner, which was regarded as a remote and barbarian place by the Han people in the Central Plains, so it was named.

the above three theories are inconclusive. The provincial records, prefectural records and county records of past dynasties mostly hold the theory of "two mountains". Many places in China have the custom of naming places because of mountains and rivers. Most people inherit the ancient saying that Panyu was named after Fanshan and Yushan.

Ancient Panyu (Old Town of Guangzhou)

In the thirty-third year of Qin Shihuang (214 BC), Qin Shihuang sent Ren Tao and Zhao Tuo to lead the army south to unify Lingnan. After Ren Xiao pacified Lingnan, he became the captain of Nanhai County and built a city in Panyu County of Nanhai County as the county governor. Because he was located in Fanshan and Yushan, he was named Panyu City (known as Ren Xiao City in history, covering the children's park west of Cangbian Road, Yuexiu District (the site of Guangzhou Nanyue National Palace Office), Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Culture and Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance). At the end of the Qin Dynasty, when Ren Xiao, the commander of Nanhai County, was critically ill, he summoned Zhao Tuo, the commander of Longchuan County, saying that Panyu was "dangerous in the South China Sea" and "can build a country", and entrusted Zhao Tuo to act as the commander of Nanhai County under the pretext of Qin Ting's order. In the third year of Emperor Gaozu (the first 24 years), Zhao Tuo established himself as the King of Nanyue, with Panyu as its capital. Today, Yuexiu Mountain, Guangzhou, is the name of the King of Nanyue. "Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi" says: "Panyu is also a metropolis", which was one of the nine metropolises in China at that time.

In the sixth year of Emperor Yuan Ding of the Han Dynasty (the first 111 years), Nanyue was leveled, and Nanyue was reclassified as 9 counties, while Panyu was still governed by Nanhai County. Later, in order to supervise the county officials, the Han court set up 13 resident supervision institutions, among which Jiaotoe Department in Guangxin County (now Fengkai County) of Cangwu County was responsible for rectifying 9 counties in Lingnan. Later, the Jiaotoe Department was changed to Jiaozhou, with military and political power, and the local political power was changed from county and county level to state, county and county level. After Battle of Red Cliffs, the tripartite confrontation between Wei, Shu and Wu gradually took shape. After Sun Quan of Soochow occupied the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, he expanded to the south and slightly took Jiaozhou, and appointed Bu Zhi as the secretariat of Jiaozhou. Bu Zhi visited Panyu City in the east, which was recorded in Shui Jing Zhu: "When you go to the South China Sea, you can climb high and look far, see the vastness of the huge sea, and see the Yin Fu of the original country. It is said that' the fertile land of Sicheng Island should be the capital city'. In the 22 nd year of Jian' an (AD 217), he moved to Panyu, Zhou, and built a city wall. " After the state moved from Guangxin to Panyu, the northern part of Fanshan was leveled, and the "Tuocheng" was restored and expanded. In the fifth year of Wu Huangwu (226), Jiaozhou was divided into Jiaozhou and Guangzhou, hence the name of Guangzhou, and Panyu was established as the state administration. For more than 17 years, Panyu was mostly the seat of the local first, second and third levels of political power.

In the 1th year of Emperor Wendi's reign (59), Nanhai County was abolished and Panyu County was changed to Nanhai County, which was under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou General Administration. In the first year of Renshou (61), Guangzhou was changed to Fanzhou. In the third year of Emperor Yangdi's great cause (67), he changed the state to the county, restored Nanhai County, and was subordinate to Yangzhou.

In the fourth year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (621), Nanhai County was abandoned, and then it was relocated to Guangzhou, and then Panyu County (it was relocated to Panyu County in the third year of Chang 'an, that is, in 73 AD), and the county was located in Jiangnan Island (now Guangzhou and Henan). In the first year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign (627), Lingnan Road was established, and Guangzhou belonged to Lingnan Road. In the third year of Chang 'an (73), he was placed in charge of the Lingnan Five Houses and returned to Nanhai County. In the third year of Xian Tong (A.D. 862), Lingnan was divided into two roads: East Road and West Road. Lingnan East Road ruled Guangzhou, and West Road ruled Yongzhou (now Nanning). Guangdong and Guangxi were divided into east and west, and since then.

at the end of the Tang dynasty, farmers revolted and became independent. In August 917, Liu _ (y m n) proclaimed himself the emperor in Panyu (Guangzhou), with the title of Dayue, later renamed Han, and was called Nanhan in history, and established Xing Wangfu. Panyu Lixing Wangfu.

in the fourth year of Song Taizu's treasure-making (971), the Southern Han Dynasty was destroyed, and the Wangfu Palace was abandoned, and it was changed to Guangnan East District, where the Governor's House of Guangzhou was located. The following year, Panyu County was abolished and merged into Nanhai County. In the third year of Zhidao (997), Guangnan East District was changed to Guangnan East Road. Panyu county was restored in the third year of emperor you's reign (151), and the county set up Zini port (lane) in the east of the city. In 117, the main road was changed to guangzhou fu, Guangdong Road. In the first year of Xiangxing (1278), Guangzhou was changed to Xianglong House. Panyu is ruled by the government.

From the Yuan Dynasty to the 17th year of Yuan Dynasty (128), Xianglong House was changed to Guangdong Road and Guangzhou Road. Shangli Jiangxi Province. In the 3 th year of Zhiyuan, it was changed to Guangdong Road. In the year of Emperor Qingyuan (1312), it was renamed Guangdong Road and Guangzhou Road. Panyu is ruled by Tao and ruled by road.

In the first year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1368), it was changed to guangzhou fu in Guangdong Province. In two years, it was changed to guangzhou fu, Guangdong province. Guangzhou fu, Chief Secretary of Guangdong Province in 1999. Panyu was ruled by the government and transferred to guangzhou fu.

in the fourth year of Shunzhi in the Qing dynasty (1647), there was a governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. Local governments are divided into four levels: provincial, provincial, prefectural and county. Panyu belongs to guangzhou fu, Shaodao, Guangnan, Guangdong Province, and is governed by provinces, roads and governments.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), guangzhou fu was abandoned, and Panyu belonged to Yuehai Road in Guangdong Province.

in the 7th year of the Republic of China, Guangzhou established a municipal office.

in the 1th year of the Republic of China (February 15th, 1921), Guangzhou City Hall was formally established and Guangzhou was formally established.

Therefore, the so-called "Panyu" city in ancient times usually refers to the old downtown area of Guangzhou today, not Panyu District of Guangzhou now.

Panyu (Panyu District, Guangzhou)

In the 1th year of the Republic of China (February 15th, 1921), Guangzhou City Hall was established and Guangzhou was officially established. Panyu county still lives in Guangzhou.

in the 22nd year of the Republic of China (in 1933, Panyu county government moved from the old city of Guangzhou to the new one.

After the fall of Panyu in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the former Kuomintang county government was exiled to Sanshui, Shaping, Weijing and other places (Wang Jingwei pretended that Panyu county government was located in Dongshan District of Guangzhou).

after the victory of the anti-Japanese war in p>1945, Panyu county government moved Shiqiao, initially in Xie's ancestral hall in Xianfeng lane.

Panyu was liberated in October p>1949, and it was under the local military control commission of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province.

from March, 195 to November, 1952, it was under the jurisdiction of the Pearl River Regional Commissioner's Office.

from December, 1952 to January, 1956, it was under the administrative office of central Guangdong.

since February, 1956, it has been affiliated to Foshan District Commissioner's Office.

From December 15th, 1958 to June 1th, 1959, Panyu and Shunde merged into Fanshun County, which was administered by daliang town, and was once transferred to Guangzhou.

on June 1th, 1959, the establishment of two counties was resumed, and Dagang, Wanqingsha, Nansha and Huangge, which belonged to Zhongshan County, were assigned to Panyu, and the city bridge was set up along the county government.

in January p>1975, he was transferred to Guangzhou.

On May 2th, 1992, the Ministry of Civil Affairs gave an official reply (People's Bank of China [1992] No.49): with the approval of the State Council, Panyu County was abolished and Panyu City (county level) was established, which was still under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou City. On June 18th, Panyu held a listing ceremony for withdrawing the county and setting up the city.

On May 21, 2, the State Council agreed to cancel Panyu City and set up Panyu District in Guangzhou. On July 1, Panyu District held a ceremony to cancel the city and set up a district.

changes in Panyu's jurisdiction

at the beginning of the county's establishment, Panyu had a vast territory. It is adjacent to Zhongsu (now Qingyuan) across the Huanjiang River in the north, to Boluo (now Boluo and Huiyang) in the east, to Sihui (now Sihui and Heshan) in the west, and to the coastal land in the south, which is equivalent to more than ten times of the current county.

during the nearly 15 years from the sixth year of Jian' an in the Han dynasty (21) to the 25th year of Kangxi in the Qing dynasty (1686), Zengcheng, Dongguan (Dongguan), Huaihua, Xi' an, Nanhai, Conghua and Huaxian (now Huadu District of Guangzhou) were successively separated, and Longmen, Xiangshan (Zhongshan) and Xin' an (Baoan) were further separated from these counties. In history, Panyu was merged into the South China Sea twice for 11 years, and became the small country capital of South Vietnam, South Han and South Ming for three times, ***148 years. From 1686 (the 25th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty) when Huaxian County was founded, to 1921 when Guangzhou was founded, the territory remained basically unchanged for 235 years. Taking Xuegong (now Guangzhou Agricultural Institute) as the center, it is 48 miles due north (Huali) to Huaxian county boundary, 35 miles due south to Shunde county boundary, 51.5 miles due east to Zengcheng county boundary, 1.5 miles due west to Nanhai county boundary, 7.5 miles northeast to Conghua county boundary, 75 miles southeast to Dongguan county boundary, 2 miles northwest and 3.5 miles southwest to Nanhai county boundary.

in p>1921 (in the 1th year of the Republic of China), Guangzhou was officially established, and Zhushu (the eastern half of Guangzhou) and Henan block were divided into urban areas. In the following years, suburban villages were successively assigned to Guangzhou urban area.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in p>1949, Yubei and Yudong (now Baiyun District, Tianhe District, Huangpu District, Luogang District) were divided into Guangzhou urban area in stages.

In p>1959, Dagang, Wanqingsha, Nansha, Huangge and Zhujiang Farms, which were originally in Zhongshan County, were transferred to Panyu.

On April 28th, 25, the State Council approved (Guo Han [25] No.35) the establishment of Nansha District, which will bring Nansha Street in Panyu District, parts of Wanqingsha Town, hengli town, huangge town and Lingshan Town, and parts of Tung Chung Town ***544.12 square kilometers under the jurisdiction of Nansha District.