1. Written and summarized in classical Chinese after Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou
Su Shi’s poems after he was demoted: Bu Suanzi·Residing in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou ① When the moon is missing, the sparse paulownia trees are hanging, and when the moon is missing, the beginning of the person is broken. Quiet ②. Sometimes I see lonely people coming and going alone, and misty and lonely shadows. Startled but turned around, no one can forgive him for his hatred④. Picking out all the cold branches and refusing to live on them, the lonely sandbank is cold⑤.
Shuilongyin·Ciyun Zhang Zhifu's "Yang Hua Ci" ① It seems like a flower but not a flower ②, and no one cherishes it ③. Abandoning home and taking the road, my thoughts are ruthless and thoughtful ④. Lingering damages the soft intestines, sleeps in the delicate eyes, and makes them want to open but also close ⑤. The dream travels thousands of miles with the wind, looking for the man's whereabouts, and is called by the oriole again⑥. I don’t hate that these flowers have all flown away, I hate that the red flowers in the West Garden have fallen and it’s difficult to decorate them. When dawn comes and the rain passes, where are the traces? A pool of broken apples ⑦. There are three parts of spring color, two parts of dust, and one part of running water. If you look closely, you can see that they are not Yanghua, but dots of Liren's tears⑧.
The public said: "This poem is indeed strange and beautiful, but it is not for listening to the harp, but for listening to the pipa." Yu Shenran said. In the Jian'an chapter, the husband's family who was good at pipa begged for lyrics (4). I haven't written it for a long time, so I took out the words of retreat and added them a little* to enclose them ⑸, so that the sound and rhythm were restored, and the words left behind ⑹. The children and women are whispering ⑺, and the lights are dimly lit at night. Your kindness and injustice come and go⑻, and I cry in harmony with a snap of my fingers. Suddenly he becomes a mighty warrior, filling up his energy with a drum, leaving no trace for thousands of miles. Looking back at dusk, the clouds are far away, and the flying catkins disturb the blue sky. Among all the birds, the truly colorful phoenix alone does not sing. Climbing up every step of the way is dangerous, but falling down is easy. The wind and rain between Fanzi's fingers put ice and charcoal in my intestines, making me unable to sit upright. I pushed my hands back and fell in love with you without tears. [Note] ⑴ This poem was written in the third year of Yuanfeng (1080). The twentieth chapter of Su Shi's "With Uncle Zhu Tang" in Huangzhou says:
Xijiang Moon ① The world is a big dream, and there are several cool autumns in life. At night, the wind leaves are already singing in the corridor, and I can see the brows and temples. The wine is cheap. I often worry that there are few guests and the moonlight is obscured by clouds. Who is alone with me during the Mid-Autumn Festival? Looking northward sadly. [Note] ① One book is titled "Huangzhou Mid-Autumn Festival".
Manjianghong · Send to Ezhou Zhu Shijun Shouchang ⑴ Coming from the west of Jianghan ⑵ , under the high building ⑶ , the grapes are deep green ⑷ . It still brings the waves of Min'e clouds ⑸ and the spring scenery of Jinjiang River ⑹. You are the guardian of Nanshan Yiai, and I am a returning guest who misses you outside the sword. How can you be ruthless about the scenery here? Yin Qin said. "Jiang Biao Biography" ⑼, please stop reading. Crazy virgin⑽, what a pity. The empty island faces the parrot, and the reed flowers are bleak⑾. Not only did the scholars laugh at the dispute, but Cao Gong and Huang Zu were all erratic. I would like you to write poems about banished immortals⒁ and chase Huang He⒂. [Note] ⑴ This word is dated to the fourth year of Yuanfeng (1081). The author was in Huangzhou, Zhu Shouchang, Uncle Ankang, who was the magistrate of Ezhou (now Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei Province) at that time.
2. Regarding the demoted ancient poems and articles
Many of Su Shi's poems mentioned it, such as "Self-Inscribed Portrait of Jinshan": "The heart is like a gray tree, and the body is like a dead tree." "The boat of ties. Wen Ru's life achievements, Huangzhou, Huizhou and Danzhou" and related works such as Hewutai Poetry Case.
I don’t know if Lu You’s "Revelation of Heartfelt Feelings: In those days, I was searching thousands of miles to find a feudal lord": "In those days, I was searching thousands of miles to find a feudal lord, and I garrisoned Liangzhou on horseback. Where is the dream of Guanhe River? The old mink fur is dark in the dust. . Hu is still alive, his temples are full of tears, and his eyes are full of tears. Who would have thought that in this life, his heart would be in Tianshan, and he would be in old Cangzhou! "This is also a man who was frustrated in his career. There are many similar poems, and I can't remember them at the moment.
Xin Qiji's "Broken Array" also feels that way.
However, Su Shi was more open-minded, while Lu You was more concerned about the country and the people.
Personal opinion~for reference only 3. About Su Shi’s poems and information before he was demoted
Shui Tiao Ge Tou? Huangzhou Kuaizai Pavilion presented Zhang Xuan with Su Shi’s sunset embroidered curtain scroll, the pavilion The water is empty.
I know you have made a new work for me, and the windows are wet with green and red. I remember that in the Pingshan Hall, I was sleeping in the misty rain in the south of the Yangtze River, and there was no lonely bird.
Recognize the drunkard's saying: "The beauty of the mountains is mixed." A thousand hectares, all mirrors are clear, and the green peaks are inverted.
Suddenly the waves rose, and a white-headed leaf danced. I can laugh at Mr. Lantai, but I haven't understood Zhuang Sheng's natural sound. There are male and female in the right way.
A little bit of awe-inspiring spirit, a thousand miles of joyful wind. This poem was written in the fourth year when Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou. It is one of the representative works of Su Shi's bold poems.
The whole poem expresses the author's broad-minded and heroic spirit of life by describing the magnificent mountains and waters around Kuaizai Pavilion. The object of the author's description is mainly the vast scene around "Kuaizai Pavilion".
In the first four sentences, we first use real pen to describe the beautiful picture of the river under the pavilion connecting with the blue sky, and the setting sun in the distance reflecting the pavilion. It shows a vast and boundless realm, full of vastness and vastness. of affection. The two sentences "I know you are my new work" explain the creation of the new pavilion, point out the close relationship between the owner of the pavilion and himself, and humorously describe the Kuai Zai Pavilion built by Zhang Xiquan as being specially built for him. He also writes about the windows of the pavilion. Apply green and red paint to keep the color fresh.
The word "wet" describes the paint that is not dry, which is quite expressive. The five sentences of "Chang Ji Ping Shan Tang" are both a scene in memory and an imaginative side description of the scene in front of him.
The author uses the word "Chang Ji" to evoke the "smoky rain in the south of the Yangtze River" and "the lonely Hong" that he once experienced in Yangzhou Pingshan Hall. Beautiful memories of Jiangnan mountains.
He also used this to compare the scenery he witnessed on the "Kuaizai Pavilion" and integrated the "Kuaizai Pavilion" with the "Pingshan Hall" to form a beautiful and unique artistic conception.
This writing method of recalling scenes and describing scenes not only adds to the twists and turns of emotions, but also enhances the ethereal flyingness of the lyrics. The above five sentences are novel, unique and fascinating. Through the author's vivid interest in the past, they convey the joy of seeing the scenery in front of Kuaizai Pavilion today.
The first film uses a combination of virtual and real writing techniques to describe the beautiful scenery under the Kuai Zai Pavilion and beyond. The next film begins with the following five sentences, and uses superb artistic techniques to show the sudden changes in the vast river in front of the pavilion, the turbulent waves, the opening and closing of wind and clouds, and the shocking and shocking scenes.
The poet developed from this, expressing his excitement and pursuit of life. The three sentences "A thousand hectares, all mirrors are pure, and the green peaks are reflected" describe the vast and clear river in front of us, the crystal clear bottom, and the green peaks reflected in the river, forming a beautiful and moving calm landscape painting. This is a reflection of the scenery. Static description of water, color and mountain light.
The two sentences "suddenly" describe a strong wind, the surface of the river suddenly changes, the waves are turbulent, the wind and clouds open and close, a fisherman is driving a small boat, dancing in the strong wind and huge waves. At this point, the author's description reaches a peak, the situation changes from stillness, and naturally transitions to the focus of the entire poem: a white-haired old man struggling to fight against the wind and waves.
The image of this white-headed man is actually a symbol of Dongpo's own personality. In the following sentences, the author refers to an old man sailing a boat on the cusp of a stormy wave, which naturally leads to his discussion of "Feng Fu" written by Song Yu, the commander of Lan Tai of Chu State during the Warring States Period.
In the author's opinion, Song Yu's division of wind into "the majestic wind of the king" and the "female wind of the common people" is very ridiculous. It is a blunt preaching of unexplained natural principles. The Great Wind God is proof of this. In fact, Zhuangzi said that the sounds of nature themselves are not distinguished by high or low, but the key lies in the level of human spiritual realm.
He told the world with the shocking words of "a little aura of awe-inspiring force, a thousand miles of joyful wind": as long as a person possesses the most powerful aura of awe-inspiring force, he can be extraordinary and upright, Being calm and comfortable, you can be calm in any situation and enjoy the majestic wind that makes people feel infinitely happy. Su Shi's magnanimous attitude towards life, which remained awe-inspiring despite adversity, obviously has positive social significance.
In terms of artistic conception and structure, this poem has the characteristics of ups and downs, various ups and downs, great openings and closings, and great ups and downs. The descriptions and discussions in the second part are bold, smooth and majestic. The image of the white-headed man appearing in the wind and waves in the poem is like the convergence of hundreds of rivers, implicitly clarifying the main theme of the whole article and giving a strong shock to the readers.
The whole poem combines scenery, lyricism, and discussion. It not only describes the vast and majestic natural scenery with water and sky, but also imbues it with a magnanimous and open-minded spirit, showing that the poet is in adversity. However, his calm and awe-inspiring spiritual outlook fully reflects the majestic and unrestrained characteristics of Su Ci. Shui Tiao Ge Tou? Friendly Talking to Children Su Shi and Ouyang Wenzhong Gong asked Yu: "Which Qin poem is the best?" The answer is to retreat and listen to Master Ying's Qin poem.
The Duke said: This poem is the most beautiful, However, it is not to listen to the harp, but to listen to the pipa.
Jian'an Zhangzhi's husband is good at pipa, so I haven't composed the lyrics for a long time, so I took the words of retreat and added them slightly. Use the rhythm of the voice to express the lingering clouds.
The lights are dimly lit at night, and your grudges come and go.
Suddenly you become a proud warrior. A drum fills the air, leaving no trace for thousands of miles. Looking back at the dusk clouds, flying catkins disturb the blue sky.
Among all the birds, the true colorful phoenix is ??alone and silent. Bai Xun Qing.
The wind and rain in my fingers put ice in my intestines, and I couldn't sit up and go back.
Appreciation of Su Shi's poems. This word is adapted from the famous music work "Listening to Yingshi Playing the Qin" by the Tang Dynasty poet Han Yu (also known as Tuizhi). It was written around the time when Su Shi was a Hanlin scholar in the capital and knew the imperial edict. It is to "slightly conceal and adjust the rhythm" of Korean poetry, that is, to "modify" Korean poetry according to the format and rhythm of word cards. One is to add new content, the other is to subtract some verses from the original work, and the third is to "modify" Korean poetry according to the format and rhythm of the words. The original poem is slightly changed to create new ideas.
From the beginning to the second part of Su's poem "One Fall, Bai Xun Qing" is written about music, and the part about music is ten more words than the Korean poem. , accounting for more than 70% of the whole poem, makes the whole work more concentrated, concise, and clear in priority, while retaining the fun and charm of Korean poetry. The lyrics are written first, like the faint sound of a quiet night. Under the light, a young man and woman were whispering affectionately, talking about love and affection, and they kept going back and forth.
On the last line of "Finger Flicks and Tears in Harmony", you can see that the playing has begun, and the tone is soft and fine. And sad and depressed." In the three lines of "Sudden Change", the melody changes from low to high, like a majestic warrior, galloping unstoppably to the sudden sound of drums. "
Looking back "In two sentences, the scenery is used to describe the sound and emotion, and the music is visualized as dusk clouds in the distant sky and flying catkins in the sky. 4. Poems written by Su Shi when he was demoted to various places
The meaning of summer
The deep summer in the courtyard is clear, and the pomegranates are blooming all over the curtain.
The shade of the trees is all over the ground at noon, and I hear the sound of a wandering warbler in my dream.
Late night in Huaizhong, Dutou
The grass is green in the spring shade, and sometimes there are flowers and trees.
At night, I moored in Guzhou under the ancient temple, watching the wind and rain in the river.
Visiting the Canglang Pavilion in the early clearing
The night rain continues with the bright spring water, and the delicate clouds are thick and warm, making it slightly sunny.
The curtains are empty, the sun is thin, the flowers and bamboos are quiet, and sometimes there are pigeons singing to each other.
Feeling nostalgic for Uncle Yong in the south of the city
The spring sun is spreading wildly, and the spring clouds are low with the sky.
The forest in the distance is gentle and the wind is gentle on the long road.
Although the sight of things is temporary, my feelings will change.
What I saw was horrifying and what I heard was deplorable.
Last year there was a flood followed by a drought, and there were not enough acres of land to plow.
When winter is warm and late, snow is obtained, and those who live in wheat are rare.
There is no hope of going there, and I am already suffering from hunger.
The fields are full of old and young people, digging and digging in search of grasshoppers.
This thing is almost gone, and it is all owned by Juan Er.
In the past, the cloud could dispel wind and fill the abdomen without any doubt;
Today, it is poisonous and has sores in the intestines and stomach.
He died on the 7th or 8th day of October, and his corpse lay across the road.
The dogs gnaw at its bones, and the black kites peck at its skin.
Hu is a poor and good citizen, fattening this bird and beast?
Did God intend this? There is no way to know the sway!
In high positions, I hate beams and meat, so I sit and talk about it.
Is there no rich man’s skill to make it prosperous?
I am now hungry and alone, so I pity this and think to myself again:
I have no time to help myself, so I will return to Nair!
The people are full of sorrow and anger, and they cannot be together.
Gyeongju was defeated
A division without fighting is a king, but one has the ambition to prepare an army.
The world has been at peace for decades, but this saying has been abandoned by people.
This year, Xirong turned its back on the World Alliance and followed the autumn wind to invade the border city.
Massacre familiar households and burnt down forts, and a hundred thousand people galloped across the mountains.
Who is in charge of national defense today? The official is responsible for controlling the smelly baby.
Eating wine and munching is a career, how can we know the opportunity to join forces?
Fu Yihuo rushes to search for soldiers, which means to kill like a corpse.
Before they could form an army, they had already gone to war, and drove out the urgent envoy Yuan [山佥] [山 + traditional Chinese character for "play"].
The horses are fat and the armor is heavy, and the soldiers are full and panting. Although they have bows and swords, how can they use them?
Lian Dian wanted to fall into the deep valley, and the captives laughed and pointed.
A group of wild geese were sent out, and they were surrounded by a heavy siege under the mountain.
Our army begged for a place to die without having to wear a coat, and we undertook the task of making people tied to each other and crying [氵 barbarians].
On patrol, all the artists were ordered to show off their skills, sing and play.
The rest of the beasts were put away, and all the fluids dripping from the eastward path.
The Tao without ears is like a monster, but it is still alive without shame!
Those who keep depressed and depressed are suffering, it is all up to the master.
It is sad to humiliate China by trying to win without any clues.
Miscellaneous Songs in the Summer
Jiaguo is half drunk, and the books on the bedside are in a mess.
The cool breeze blows open the sparse bamboos in Beixuan, and I lie down and watch the blue sky and white clouds. 5. Poems written by Su Dongpo when he was demoted to Huangzhou
1. Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgia
Su Shi
When the great river goes eastward, all the waves are swept away, and the romantic figures of the ages .
To the west of the fort, there is Humanity and the Three Kingdoms Zhou Lang Chibi.
Rocks and clouds collapsed, waves cracked the shore, and thousands of piles of snow rolled up.
The country is picturesque, and there are so many heroes at one time!
I think back to Gong Jin’s time, when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time and looked majestic and handsome.
Feather fans and silk scarves, while talking and laughing, the boats and oars disappeared into ashes.
My motherland is wandering in my mind. I should laugh at my passion and give birth to beautiful hair early.
The world is like a dream, and a bottle of wine brings back the moonlight over the river.
It was written in July of the fifth year of Yuanfeng Shen Zong (1082). It was written by Su Shi when he was visiting Chibiji outside Huangfeng City when he was demoted to Huangzhou.
2. Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Huangzhou Kuaizai Pavilion presented to Zhang Xiquan
Su Shi
The setting sun embroidered the curtain, and the water under the pavilion connected to the sky.
I know you have made a new work for me, and the windows are wet with green and red.
In Changji's Pingshan Hall, I was sleeping in the misty rain in the south of the Yangtze River, and there was no lonely bird.
Recognize the drunkard's saying: "The beauty of the mountains is mixed."
A thousand hectares, all mirrors are clear, and the green peaks are inverted.
Suddenly the waves rose and a white-headed leaf danced.
You can laugh at Mr. Lantai, but he has not yet understood the natural sound of Zhuang Sheng. There are male and female in the right path.
A little bit of awe-inspiring spirit, a thousand miles of joyful wind.
This poem was written in the fourth year when Dongpo was demoted to Huangzhou. It is one of the representative works of Su Shi's bold poems. The whole poem expresses the author's broad-minded and heroic spirit in life by describing the magnificent mountains and waters around Kuaizai Pavilion.
3. Man Tingfang
Su Shi
There was a king who gave up his official position in Huangzhou for thirty-three years, and Huang people called him Mr. Wang. Because Chen Zhen was sent to spend time with him, it was because of this gift.
Thirty-three years later, who survives today?
Just think of the king and the Yangtze River.
The awe-inspiring green cypress trees are hard to endure due to frost and dryness.
I heard about the ancient county of Sizhou, on the Yun River and the pine windows of Zhuwu.
On the south bank of the Yangtze River, if you don’t want to send your son away, would you rather cross my country?
The rain is passing, the wind is dancing in the forest, and the smoke is covering the clouds.
I would like to hold this invitation to you and drink from the empty vat.
Mr. Layman is old. In the real dream, there is nothing left. The singing has stopped, the pedestrians have not risen, and the boats and drums have already met.
This poem was written by Su Shi when he was sent to Huangzhou.
4. Man Tingfang
Su Shi
Wojiao has a false reputation and a small profit, but he is very busy.
Everything is decided in advance, whoever is weak will be strong.
While I am still young, I must let my children go wild.
In a hundred years, there were 36,000 Hunqiu events.
Think about it, how much can it do?
Sorrow and wind and rain, half of them hinder each other.
There is no need to fight to the death and talk about short things and long things.
Fortunately, the breeze is bright and the moon is bright, the moss is spreading and the clouds are high.
The south of the Yangtze River is good, a thousand bells of fine wine, and a song "The Garden is Full of Fragrance".
5. Manjianghong · Send to Ezhou Zhu Shijun Shouchang
Su Shi
From the west of Jianghan, under the tall buildings, the grapes are deep and green.
Still with it, Min'e snow waves, Jinjiang spring scenery.
You are the beloved guardian of Nanshan, and I am a returning guest who misses you outside the sword.
How can you be ruthless about this place and its scenery? Say it diligently.
"Jiang Biao Zhuan", I will stop reading it; it is a pity to be a crazy virgin.
The parrots and reed flowers are bleak in the empty island.
The scholar who laughs alone is arguing about the bottom line, and Cao Gong and Huang Zu are both confused.
I would like to envoy you to write poems about banishing immortals and chase Huang He.
This poem was sent by the author to his friend Zhu Shouchang, who was the governor of Ezhou at the time, when he was demoted to Huangzhou.
6. Xijiang Moon
Su Shi
I was walking in Qishui on a spring night in Huangzhou. I passed a restaurant and drank. I got drunk. I rode the moon to a bridge over a stream. Untie the saddle and lie down for a while. When I woke up, it was already dawn. The mountains were surrounded by chaotic mountains and the flowing water was sonorous. It seemed that it was not from this world. This sentence is written on the bridge pillar.
The waves are shining brightly in the wild, and the sky is faintly visible across the sky.
The mud has not yet been resolved, and the jade is arrogant. I want to get drunk and sleep on the fragrant grass.
It’s a pity that a stream of wind and moon can’t teach you to crush Qiong Yao.
Undressing the saddle and pillowing on the green poplar bridge, Du Yu heard the spring dawn.
This poem about landscapes was written when Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou. 6. How Su Shi was demoted
The first time he was demoted:
In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), the 43-year-old Su Shi was transferred to the magistrate of Huzhou. After taking office, he immediately wrote a "Huzhou Express of Appreciation" to Shenzong. The New Party picked out sentences from a large number of Su Shi's poems that they thought contained sarcastic meanings. For a time, there was a voice of opposition to Su in the court.
On July 28, Su Shi, who had only been in office for three months, was arrested by officials at Yushitai and sent to the capital. Dozens of people were implicated. Thanks to everyone's efforts, Su Shi was given a lighter sentence and demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) as deputy envoy of regiment training, under the supervision of local officials.
The second time he was demoted:
In the sixth year of Yuanyou (1091), Su Shi was recalled to the court again. However, due to political differences soon after, he was transferred to Yingzhou as magistrate in August of the sixth year of Yuanyou. Empress Dowager Gao died in the eighth year of Yuanyou, Zhezong came to power, and the New Party came to power again. In June of the first year of Shaosheng (1094), Su Shi was demoted to Huizhou (today's Huiyang, Guangdong) again.
Capital expansion information
Su Shi’s anecdotes:
Su Shi himself was a gourmet, and there are many records of Su Shi’s invention of delicious food in Song Dynasty notebook novels. When Su Shi learned about Hangzhou, in May and June of the fifth year of Yuanyou, there was heavy rain in western Zhejiang and Taihu Lake flooded. Su Shi directed the dredging of the West Lake and the construction of Su Di. The people of Hangzhou thanked him.
During the Chinese New Year, everyone would carry pigs and wine to pay him New Year greetings. Su Shi instructed his family to cut the pork into cubes, cook it until red and crispy, and then distribute it to everyone. This is the origin of Dongpo Pork.