Located in: Feng County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province

Feng County was called "Fengzhou" in ancient times and was founded in the Qin Dynasty. It is located in the hinterland of the Qinling Mountains and the source of the Jialing River. It is located in the southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, bordering Gansu to the west and Sichuan to the south. Its geographical location is very dangerous. It has been a battleground for military strategists in history. It is known as "the throat of Qin and Shu, and the key to the north of Han". , known as "Sichuan-Shaanxi Key". The county has a total area of ??3,187 square kilometers and a population of 100,000, including an agricultural population of 78,000.

Administrative divisions

It governs 10 towns, 2 townships and 150 administrative villages. In 1997, it was listed as a county open to the outside world by the State Council. Feng County governs Shuangshipu Town, Fengzhou Town, Huangniupu Town, Honghuapu Town, Hekou Town, Tangzang Town, Pingmu Town, Pingkan Town, Nanxing Town, Sancha Town, Yanwan Township and Wenjiangsi Township. Also within the territory are: Matoutan Forestry Bureau and Xinjiashan Forestry Farm.

Historical evolution

The county has Tianshui in the west, the land of Fuxi, the ancestor of the Chinese Han people, Longnan area in the southwest, prosperous Hanzhong in the southeast, and Xiqi in the north, which belongs to Guanzhong, and is the home of the Han people in China. The oldest core settlement of the ancestors.

1. Three Emperors, Five Emperors, Xia, Shang, and Zhou

During the Yan and Huang periods, they belonged to the tribe of Emperor Yan. The intersection area of ??Xiachuyong and Liangzhou. The late Shang Dynasty belonged to the Qi fiefdom, and it was also the place where King Wu Jifa rose to prominence (the surname Ji is the most important direct descendant of the Yellow Emperor, and Qi has therefore become the co-birthplace of many surnames such as Ji, Wu, and Lin of the Han people). Zhou annexed Liangzhou to Yongzhou and became the land of Longyou and Jinji (Qin to the west and Bao to the south).

2. Qin (221 BC to 207 BC)

In the twenty-sixth year of the First Emperor's reign (221 BC), he moved to China and implemented the system of prefectures and counties. In today's Feng County· Along with most of Liuba County, a small part of Taibai County and Liangdang of Gansu Province, Gudao County (the county seat is between today's Zhangjiayao and Longjiaping) was under the jurisdiction of Longxi County, according to the "Twenty-Five Histories Supplement". Explanation: "Therefore, Tongzhi, this is the reason; Dao means guidance. There are three rivers in the south of the county, and the Jialing River in the northeast, which is the old Dao Shui in "Shui Jing Zhu", like a woman lying on her back, holding her head and raising her hands, and there is a way. "Ye". The county got its name from this. During the Chu and Han Dynasties, Xiang Yu divided the land of Qin Guanzhong; he established three kings, and Qin surrendered general Zhang Han as King Yong. The capital was abandoned in Qiu (now southeast of Xingping), so Dao County belonged to Zhang The territory of Handan was bounded by Qiuqiu Pass (now Liufengguan).

3. Western Han Dynasty (206 BC to 3 BC):

The first year of Gaozu (206 BC). , it was divided into Longxi County and Guanghan County, and the old Dao County was still used. In the sixth year of Yuanding (11 BC), it was divided into the western part of Guanghan and established Wudu County, which led to nine counties, and the old Dao County (today's Feng County and Gansu Liangdang County). It was under its jurisdiction. In the first year of the founding of the new Wang Mang Dynasty (9), the old county was changed to Shanzhi.

4. Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220)

It was built along the Western Han Dynasty and was still called. Gudao County. In the sixth year of Emperor Yongping of the Ming Dynasty (63), Liangquanwu was established.

5. Three Kingdoms (220-280)

Wei abolished Liangquan garrison and divided Liang into Gudao County. Quan County. In the seventh year of Shu's founding (LLJ,), Zhuge Liang attacked Wei three times, conquered Wudu, and led Yinping County to seven counties. Therefore, Dao County belongs to one of them and is the boundary between Shu and Wei.

6, Western Jin Dynasty (265-317)

Dao means Dao. The three rivers in the south of the county face the Jialing River in the northeast, which is the name of Daoshui in "Shui Jing Zhu". It looks like a woman lying on her back, according to the first move. The county got its name from this. During the period of Chu and Han, Xiang Yu divided the land of Qin Guanzhong into three kings. Zhang Han, the surrendered general of Qin, was the king of Yong, and the capital was abandoned in Qiu (now southeast of Xingping). , Gudao County belonged to the fiefdom of Zhanghan, with Feiqiu Pass (now Liufengguan) as its boundary, and Dingliangquan County was established along the Wei Dynasty of the Three Kingdoms and merged into Gudao County.

In the sixth year of Yuankang (296), Dihao. Yang Maosou proclaimed himself king in Wudu and established Qiuchi State, with Gudao County under his jurisdiction. After the Yongjia Rebellion (311), Qiuchi and Wudu had no definite affiliation.

7. Eastern Jin Dynasty, 10th century. Six Kingdoms (317-420)

In the sixth year of Jianyuan of Jin Dynasty (343), Zhao Shihu sent generals to capture Wudu and led Xiabian (now Chengxian County, Gansu), Hechi, Ju, and Wudu (now Wudu County, Gansu), five counties in the county.

8. Southern and Northern Dynasties (420-589)

In the third year of the Northern Wei Dynasty Taiping Zhenjun (441), Qiu Chi Di was recruited and established. Gudao Town was governed in present-day Fengzhou. In the year of Yanxing Hui (474) of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Gudao County was established in Gudao County, which was under the jurisdiction of Hezhou and led to Guang Township. In the first year of Taihe (477), Gudao County was established. Gudao Town was restored to Liangquan County, and Gudao County was moved to Gudao Town.

In the second year of Xiaochang (526), ??Nanqi Prefecture was established. The prefecture governed Liangquan County, leading three counties and eight counties: Gudao County: leading Liangquan (today's Feng County), Long'an, Shangle, and Liangdang counties. Guanghua County: leads Guanghua and Sian counties. : , Guangshi County: leads Tonggu and Niyang counties. : In the third year of the Western Wei Dynasty (554) when the emperor was abolished, Nanqi Prefecture was changed to Fengzhou, Gudao County was changed to Guizhen, and two counties were separated. The prefecture governed Liangquan, and unified five counties and nine counties: Guizhen County: leading Liangquan (now Feng County), Long'an, and Shanngle counties. Guanghua County: leads Guanghua and Sian counties. Liangdang County: lead Liangdang County. Wuyang County: Lingpanti and Qielu counties. Guangshi County: Lead Tonggu County. In the fifth year of Baoding in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (565), Fengzhou was abandoned and returned to its original state, and the two counties of Wuyang and Long'an and Shanngle counties were transferred to Liangquan County and belonged to Liangdang County; 9. Sui Dynasty (581-618) )

In the third year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign (583), Fengzhou abolished Liangdang, Guanghua and Guangye counties. It has direct jurisdiction over five counties, and Liangquan County is one of them. In the first year of Renshou (601), Guanghua County was renamed Hechi. In the first year of Daye (605), Kangzhou was deposed and merged into Fengzhou. In the third year (6th'7th), Fengzhou was abandoned and Hechi County was established in Liangquan. Si'an of the province entered Hechi County (the administrative seat is now Ginkgo Town, Hui County, Gansu Province), and belonged to Hechi County together with Liangdang and Tonggu.

10. Tang Dynasty (613-907)

In the first year of Wude (613), Hechi County was changed to Fengzhou. Liangquan County was divided into Huanghua County (according to the Records of Hanzhong Prefecture; the old city of Huanghua is located sixty miles north of Feng County, and it is also the Liangdao Township of Liangquan County, the old county of the Eastern Han Dynasty. There is Huanghuachuan to the east, hence the name) . In the first year of Tianbao (742), it was renamed Hechi County. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), it was changed to Fengzhou. It belongs to Shannan West Road. It governs the four counties of Liangquan, Huanghua, Liangdang and Hechi. -In the first year of Baoying (762), Huanghua County was merged into Liangquan County. In the second year of Guangqi (886), Yixing (now Lueyang County) established a rebel army in Feng Erzhou. In the first year of Wende (888), Fengzhou was promoted to Jiedu Prefecture, with jurisdiction over Xingzhou and Lizhou (now Guangyuan City, Sichuan) and the three counties of Liangquan, Liangdang and Hechi.

11. Five Dynasties (907-960)

In the first year of Zhenming in Houliang (915), Shu conquered Fengzhou, established Wuxing Army, and cut Wenzhou (now Wenxian County, Gansu Province) , Xingzhou is under the jurisdiction of it. In the third year of Changxing in the Later Tang Dynasty (932), Wu was abolished and the army was reorganized, and Fengzhou was reduced to a defensive state. The three states of Feng, Xing and Wen are bounded by Shannan West Road. : In the first month of the second year of Xiande of the Later Zhou Dynasty (955), Hou Shu established a powerful army in Fengzhou. In May, the Later Zhou Dynasty sent generals to attack Shu, and in November they conquered Fengzhou; Fengzhou was under the jurisdiction of the Later Zhou Dynasty and led Liangquan County.

12. Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127)

In the first year of Qiande (963), Sichuan and Shaanxi were divided into four roads, Fengzhou was demoted to Tuanlianzhou, attached to Qinfeng Road, and Liang was governed spring. It leads the three counties of Liangquan, Liangdang and Hechi.

13. Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279)

In the twelfth year of Shaoxing (1142), the Song and Jin Dynasties negotiated peace and demarcation of borders, with Dashan Pass as the boundary, and cut off Monk, Fangshan Two origins are in gold. In the Song Dynasty, Xing Zhaoyuan was built in the pass ("Shu Jian", Xing Zhaoyuan was fifteen miles west of Huangniuzhai). In March of the 14th year (1144), Fengzhou was renamed Lizhou Road. In September, Lizhou was divided into east and west roads, and Fengzhou was subordinate to Lizhou West Road; Liangquan was governed. It governs the three counties of Liangquan, Liangdang and Hechi. In the second year of Chunxi (1175), Fengzhou was transferred to Xingyuan Prefecture. In the fourth year of Xianchun (1268), Liangquan County was merged into Fengzhou. Affiliated to Xingyuan Road (now Hanzhong).

14. Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368)

Built along the Southern Song Dynasty, it is still called Fengzhou and belongs to Xingyuan Road.

15. Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

In the second year of Hongwu (1369), Fengzhou was affiliated to Fengxiang Prefecture. In the fourth year (1371), it was changed to Hanzhong Prefecture. In the seventh year (1374), the state was reduced to a county.

16, Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)

In the early Qing Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty construction was followed. In the 29th year of Qianlong's reign (1764), Liuba Hall was divided into two parts, with the South Star Boundary Monument as the boundary, Liuba in the south and Fengxian in the north.

17. The Republic of China (1912-1949)

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), it was built in the Qing Dynasty. In 1913, the government was abolished and a road was established, and Feng County came under the jurisdiction of Shaannan Road (later changed to Hanzhong Road). In the 17th year (1928), Yin Gongzhi of Hanzhong Road was revoked and Feng County was directly under the province. In 1935, Feng County was placed under the jurisdiction of the Commissioner of the Sixth Administrative Supervision District (Hanzhong). In May 1949, the County People's Government was established in Hu County. It is affiliated to the Baoji Division of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. In June, the Kuomintang's Ninth District (Baoji) Office decided that Feng County would be temporarily placed under the jurisdiction of the Ninth District Office.

On September 3, the county people marched from Yujianbao in Baoji County (Chencang District) to Huangniupu. To the north of Caoliangyi is the liberated area, and to the south is the Kuomintang-controlled area. In the same month, Hanzhong established the East and West Road Commissioner's Offices, and Feng County was under the exclusive jurisdiction of the West Road.

18. The People's Republic of China

On November 27, 1949, the whole county was liberated and came under the jurisdiction of the Baoji Division of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, with the county government of Fengzhou. In May 1950, Feng County was placed under the jurisdiction of the Southern Shaanxi Administrative Office. In February 1951, the Shaannan Administrative Office was abolished and came under the jurisdiction of the Hanzhong Commissioner's Office. On June 1 of the same year, the county people moved from Fengzhou to Shuangshipu. ’ In January 1959, Fengxian County and Liuba County were merged, collectively known as Fengxian County, and the county seat was Shuangshipu. The original two communes of Zhiliuba and Jiangkou in Liuba County.

In January 1961, Liuba and Jiangkou communes came under the jurisdiction of Hanzhong City, and Feng County IJ Diaoboji City. In October of the same year, Baoji District was restored and Feng County was renamed. In December 1917, the Baoji area was abolished, and Feng County was placed under the jurisdiction of Baoji City. On March 1, 1979, Baoji Prefecture was reestablished, and Feng County returned to the jurisdiction of Baoji Prefecture. On March 1, 1980, the prefecture and city of Baoji were merged into Baoji City, and Feng County was changed to the jurisdiction of Baoji City.

The meaning of the place name

According to the "Yuanhe County Map of Fengzhou": "It is named because there is Jiujiu Mountain in the state. According to Chengzhou Tonggu County, it was originally the west of Fengzhou. Border, there is Fenghuang Mountain in the south of the county, because of the name of the state. "Fangyu Shenglan" records: With the rise of Zhou Dynasty, Nu Fei heard his voice in Qi, soared to the south and gathered in Yan. This is where Fengxiang Mansion is located in Xiqi and Fengzhou is located in Nanqi. . The county takes its name from the state, and Nanqi is the Nanqi Mountain within the territory.

Physical Geography

Feng County is located in the southwest of Shaanxi Province, with east longitude 106°24′54″——107°7′30″ and north latitude 33°34′57″—— 34°18′21″. Because it connects Shaanxi and Gansu and is located on the entrance to Sichuan, it is adjacent to the main ridge of Qinling Mountains in the north and Zibai Mountain in the south. The ancient plank road runs through the entire territory, so it is known as "the throat of Qin and Shu, and the key to northern Han Dynasty". The altitude ranges from 915 to 2739 meters. The Tuomaju Peak at the junction of the northwest corner and Liangdang County in Gansu Province has an altitude of 2739 meters, which is the highest point in the territory. Zibai Mountain and Daiwang Mountain are above 2,500 meters above sea level. The Jialing River is the largest river in the territory. It originates from the south side of Daiwang Mountain in the territory and runs diagonally from northeast to southwest. It flows for 76 kilometers in the territory. It forms the Fengzhou Shishuangshipu wide valley structural basin in the southwest of the county, with Xiaoyu River and Anhe River as its basin. The main tributaries are distributed in a branch shape. The Zhongqu River in the east is the upper source of the Xihe River, a tributary of the Bao River, and flows southward to the outflow, belonging to the Han River water system. It has a warm temperate mountain climate, with an annual average temperature of 11.4°C, an average temperature in January of _1.1°C, an average temperature in July of 22.7°C, an average annual precipitation of 613.2 mm, and a frost-free period of 188 days. The county's underground reserves are rich in lead, zinc, copper, iron, iron, etc., and non-metallic minerals such as coal, limestone, silica, and marble. Apples, phoenix peppers, and phoenix dangdang (ginseng) are famous specialties of Feng County. Phoenix peppers are a popular specialty of this county, with the "Dahongpao" variety being the most famous. There are three tourist attractions in the territory: Tongtianhe National Forest Park, Zibai Mountain Scenic Area and Jialing River Source Scenic Area.

In April 2021, Feng County ranked 20th on the 2021 Top 100 Counties and Cities with Chinese Specialty Food list.

In November 2020, the list of the top 100 counties and cities with China's county tourism development potential in 2020 was announced, and Feng County was on the list.

In November 2020, the Central Civilization Office released the list of national civilized cities that were confirmed to retain the honorary title during the sixth review, and Feng County was selected.

In November 2020, the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism determined Feng County to be the first batch of Shaanxi Province full-region tourism demonstration areas.

In July 2020, the Ministry of Commerce announced the list of comprehensive demonstration counties for e-commerce to enter rural areas in 2020, and Feng County was selected.

In June 2020, Feng County was included in the second batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (Long March Area (Red Second Front Army)).

In March 2019, Feng County was included in the first batch of counties for the protection and utilization of revolutionary cultural relics (Sichuan-Shaanxi area).

In December 2017, Feng County was listed as one of the 2017 China’s most attractive and characteristic demonstration counties with investment potential.

In November 2017, Feng County was included in the fifth national civilized city list and the previous national civilized city list that was confirmed by review to continue to retain the honorary title.

In September 2017, the Ministry of Environmental Protection awarded Feng County the title of one of the first batch of national ecological civilization construction demonstration cities and counties.

In February 2016, Feng County was included in the list of counties (cities, districts) with basically balanced development of compulsory education nationwide in 2015.

In December 2011, Feng County was included in the third national list of civilized villages and towns.