Who knows the customs and culture of Zhuji?

Zhuji custom culture

Zhuji folk marriage customs

Different winds in ten miles, different customs in a hundred miles. A nation and a region have unique marriage customs.

Zhuji, once the old capital of Yue, has a history of more than 2,000 years, with profound cultural accumulation and profound historical inheritance. It can be said that the folk wedding customs in Zhuji not only have the common etiquette norms in China feudal society, but also have a unique cross-border regional color.

First, blind date In the old countryside of Zhuji, when young men and women reach the age of 16 or 18, or even earlier, their parents have to worry about their children's marriage. However, these marriages must abide by the instrument of "parents' orders, media's words" and "six rites". (The so-called six gifts, namely: winning prizes, giving gifts and proposing marriage; Ask the name, ask the woman's name and date of birth; Najib, a gift engagement; Take a levy and send a bride price; Invite the date and agree on the wedding date; Greet the bride. In the fifth anniversary album of Zhuji People's Daily, there is a record that the marriage was agreed by the media, the woman's family wrote a red note, and the woman's family replied with a "permission post". The date of birth is "Geng Tie", also known as "Japanese Tie".

In Zhuji Township, there are few people who specialize in matchmaking. Some people call matchmaking a "business outside the third and sixth lines". However, people also believe that the words of matchmakers are a good thing and can make people beautiful, so there are still many people who match the bridge. ; Japanese books call the matchmaker "Yue Lao". In rural areas, it is called "big media" and "eat three pots and bottles". After liberation, it was also called "introducer".

Most people who work as matchmakers are entrusted by people to work as matchmakers and frequently run between men and women. When the time is ripe, the matchmaker will ask both men and women for "Geng Tie", also known as "Dragon and Phoenix Tie", that is, the names, places of origin and birthdays of both men and women will be sent to each other through the matchmaker. Then ask a fortune teller to tell fortune and see if the two birthdays coincide. If they coincide, they will become one. This beautiful marriage has taken the first step.

After liberation, these complicated ceremonies were basically abolished, and the exchanges between young men and women between urban and rural areas and between units increased day by day. . However, many young people still ask for "reference materials" to match bridges and meet love. In rural areas, the two sides don't know each other very well, and there are also blind dates. There are two ways of so-called blind date: "seeing girls" and "seeing other people".

"Look at the girl" is a matchmaker who accompanies young people to the girl's house. When the two sides meet, let the young men and women see each other's personality and appearance. Accompanied by the woman's father, uncle or brother, we can have tea and chat, observe the behavior of young people and understand the cultivation of character. When new guests come, they should have a snack. This is no ordinary snack. If the woman is satisfied with the young people, she will definitely provide sweet dumplings, which means praying for the "reunion" of this marriage. If you don't like it very much, you can't tell what snack it is.

"Taking care of others" means that a girl goes to a man's house as a guest. Generally speaking, a woman's harem will accompany a girl in action. This is actually a comprehensive survey of the man's family economy, housing, environment and neighborhood relations. The success of marriage depends largely on this action. After 1980s, with the development of rural economy and the change of life concept, there are more and more contacts between girls and boys, and the exchange of thoughts and feelings is increasingly active. If they are in love, both parties know each other well. The custom of "blind date" in the past will gradually withdraw from the historical stage.

The origin of "3929"

In the Ming dynasty, there was a village called Guanhu near Wangjiajing market, where a clever middle-aged man lived. This man walks around the East Village with a long vegetable basket all day, selling his daily necessities, such as "magenta and green thimbles" or "thousands of dried tofu" wholesale from other places. His business is really good because he is eloquent and diligent.

However, after a long time, the women in the village found that if they were not careful to make a deal with this small vendor, they would be deceived by his sweet words, and they were very unhappy.

One day, a peddler came to a small mountain village under Dune Ridge to peddle. A village girl came running happily and bought 9 bundles of green cotton thread from him, each with 3 coppers. The village girl picked out the lines and counted them one by one. Then he frowned, and he thought of the plan. Everyone suspects that he is greedy for petty gain and plays tricks on him secretly. Let me have a try today. So the village girl called boldly, "Guest, alas, 9 shares, 3 coppers 1 share." So it's 3929, right? "As she spoke, she handed over 25 pieces of copper coins folded into one piece. When the peddler heard these words, he was full of love. He took the money and threw it into a small bamboo pocket with copper coins hidden in it. When she reached the lane, the village girl grabbed the long food basket of the small vendor and complained impatiently. She miscalculated and overpaid. In fact, the peddler had to return the overcharged two coppers. When he took out two copper coins that he thought were overcharged, the village girl couldn't help smiling and said solemnly, No need to pay them back. I only gave you 25 coppers, so I have to make it up to you both! Because of greed, you don't even count the money I gave you. Be honest next time!

Since then, the villagers in Zhuji have used the phrase "March 29th" to satirize and reprimand those who want to be greedy for small profits and end up using the wrong brain. Until now, it has been circulating endlessly.

Small customs in rural areas

Zhujixiang is famous for its profound cultural accumulation, so the small customs scattered among the people also contain the charm of farming and reading. Although unknown, it is also endless and has been passed down to this day. Choose one or two small customs to appreciate today.

▲ Whenever a relative sends an adult chicken (you can also buy it) to stay and raise it. Housewives will definitely grab the chicken with one hand, wrap it around the crotch for three or five times, and pick it up with both hands alternately. It is said that such entanglement can avoid strange chickens getting lost.

▲ In order to kill rats, cats, especially large cats, were introduced at home. Don't send the cat home directly, but put the arc-shaped cage with the blooming cat at the foot of the wall of the rear window, then put down a rope from the upstairs rear window, tie the arc-shaped cage firmly, then slowly hang it in the air, and then let the cat take the arc-shaped cage out for a good meal. A cat that goes through the window like this won't escape from her "mother's house" and sneak home.

Qingming wangdong

According to the folk custom of Zhuji, a daughter should be a daughter-in-law when she is newly married, and the next year is Qingming, and parents should visit her with things. One is to show that parents love their daughters deeply, and the other is to be proud of their daughters.

There are quite a few things to look forward to, besides some common new moon fruits and reunion fruits, there are many pomegranate fruits, which symbolize the reproduction of future generations and are passed down from generation to generation; There are sedan chair fruit, double cherry fruit and double-headed mandarin duck fruit, which means wishing the couple love and grow old together; There are peaches and ingots. I hope the older generation at home will be healthy and live a long life. These gifts are combined with candy, fried rice cakes, water chestnuts, sugar cane and so on. Put it in a basket, and parents and brothers will pick it up at their daughter's house.

Then on the Dragon Boat Festival, the bride's family will prepare mung bean cakes, tea eggs, May peaches, Dragon Boat Festival dumplings, and dozens of carefully woven wheat straw fans to visit her daughter. The husband-in-law distributed the gifts picked by the husband-in-law to neighbors, relatives and friends to express sincere greetings of living in harmony and helping each other.

Celebrate your birthday.

Birthday and birthday celebration are important activities in Zhuji custom. The so-called "birthday" is the title of 1 to 30 years old, and it can only be called "birthday" after 50 years old.

The birth of a baby is undoubtedly a great event for parents and elders. When they are one year old, grandma's family will visit them with clothes, shoes and hats, jiaozi, cakes, fruits and eggs. The host put the fruit and the omelet on a small plate and gave them to the neighbors. Polite neighbors send back small coins to congratulate them, usually called "centenary coins". Celebrating a person's birthday is to tell everyone about this joy, and the other is to enhance the friendship between neighbors. Later, when 10 and 20 years old, grandparents or uncles and aunts sent some clothes, shoes and socks to celebrate. People aged 30 and 40 are generally busy, because they are in the golden age of life, career and family development, and their birthdays are ignored.

When you are 50 years old, if you become a grandparent, your daughter and son-in-law will bring a basket head, clothes, shoes and hats at the age of 49 to show filial piety. Birthdays of 60 or 70 are still very popular. Another 63-year-old has a saying that "carp will cross the river beach". The son-in-law and daughter want to buy a big carp for their parents. At the age of 66, my daughter wanted to send 66 pieces of braised pork to her parents, because there is an old saying in Zhuji called "Sixty-six, Master Yan wants to eat meat". It is said that only when the daughter respects such filial piety can the old man spend a lifetime of disaster.

The 80-year-old and 90-year-old people in the village are called long-lived old people. Of course, children and grandchildren are also happy to celebrate, and the scene is very lively.

The bride returned to the door.

Married women return to their parents' home for the first time, which is called "going home". Going back to the door is a deep sense of intimacy; The second is to greet the well-being of parents.

The day after the bride got married, both husband and wife went to visit their parents-in-law with gifts. When her daughter comes home, her family is naturally overjoyed. Accompanied by her half-son (son-in-law), her parents-in-law often hold home-cooked dinners to entertain her new uncle. During the dinner, several elders and brothers were invited to accompany us. The elders often tell the young couple to love each other and grow old together. On the other hand, parents educate their daughters to be husbands and be diligent in keeping the house.

According to the ancient custom, the bride and son-in-law must wait until dark when they go home, but they must never spend the night at their father-in-law's house.

Spend the next year.

In places like Ma Jian and Zhaizhai, there is a traditional habit of spending the first year in June.

Before the Spring Festival, housewives are busy preparing all kinds of delicious food, such as killing chickens and ducks, steaming rice cakes, making steamed buns, frying melon seeds and peanuts. On the morning of the festival, the family went to the field with basket heads to thank Tian Gongtian for his bumper harvest. After breakfast, welcome old and new relatives, distant friends and close friends, and go home for the holidays. At the lunch table, everyone is happy to have a heart-to-heart talk and greet each other.

During the New Year, the host often invites relatives and friends to bring their friends home for the holidays. Because whoever has a large number of visitors is widely known, every household is crowded with guests on this day every year, ranging from one or two tables to four or five tables.

New Year's Eve is a festival for friends and relatives to get together and talk about family. It is the same as the Spring Festival, where adults eat wine to receive visitors and children play freely. However, it lacks many complicated etiquette of the Spring Festival, and more is the unfettered closeness when friends and relatives get together.

Xi Shi Xiao Yu Tuan yuan pancake

This is a delicious food-Xishi Reunion Cake, which is very popular in the rural areas along the Wuxie River in our city. It uses pure fine flour and buckwheat flour as the skin, and local radish, onion, pepper and fresh pork as the stuffing. It is a hand-made flat cake. Roasted with slow fire, it tastes delicious and is deeply loved by local people.

According to local people, this kind of cake originated from the goddess stone in our Zhuji people's hearts.

It is said that during the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue competed for hegemony, and Gou Jian, the king of Yue, was defeated and surrendered, and he tried his best to make a comeback. In order to gain time, Gou Jian listened to Fan Li's plan, confused Fu Cha with a honey trap, and dedicated the stunning beauty to the prince of Wu.

When he was in the kingdom of Wu, he was favored by Fu Cha, but he never forgot his hometown and missed his parents and relatives. One winter, the sky was covered with ice and snow. Xi looked at his hometown on Lingshan, and his homesickness was hard to restrain. He couldn't help stroking the piano. After hearing this, the King of Wu came to comfort the beauty and asked her why she was so sad and haggard.

Shi tearfully told the king of Wu that it was near winter and she missed her parents living at the foot of Zhuluo Mountain and her grandparents living by the river. When she is not in Wu, on this day, she will bake silver round cakes with her parents to visit her elderly grandparents. Now I am far away from home, and I don't know if my elders are well-being. How can I not be sad?

Hearing this, Fu Cha nodded happily: "The beauty's respect for the elderly is sincere and admirable. You can make a' silver pancake' as scheduled, and I will send a fast horse to your hometown in Yueguo, which will not only fulfill your filial piety, but also solve your worries. "

When he saw the promise of the king of Wu, he felt relieved and raised his eyebrows.

A few days later, my grandparents really received "silver pancakes" from far away. When the old man was tasting the food, he found a small silk in the cake and wrote a poem: "tearful, fragrant cake in the cage;" When winter goes and spring comes, we will talk about reunion. "

After Wu was defeated by the state of Yue, a taxi was boating in the five lakes and returned to his hometown to visit his grandparents. Xi Shi Xiaoxin's silver silk round cake, also known as Shi Tuanyuan cake, has been passed down to this day.

Now, in villages along the Wuxie River, people still make this snack on festivals and wedding birthdays. Presumably, this is also a tribute to the filial piety of the family.

Brew wine

Brewing is a handy skill for our farmers in Zhuji. Although docks, streets, shops and stalls are full of bottled wine and gift-wrapped commercial wine, which occupy a dominant position in the whole country, wine brewed at home has become people's favorite wine.

Fermented wine is a soft wine that farmers brew and drink at any time. Especially if there are parturients at home, this is a traditional custom that must be brewed. It is said that this sweet wine is called fermented wine, which is a treasure that is very suitable for postpartum women to nourish. Therefore, when the pure glutinous rice is soaked for one day, it is steamed with a special retort, then poured with cold water to reduce the temperature, and then poured with hot water (the cold water poured for the first time becomes hot water) to restore the heat. After that, pour the glutinous rice in the retort into the bamboo board, sprinkle a certain amount of finely ground white wine powder in advance, stir it evenly, and then put it into a pottery jar or porcelain bowl of appropriate size and smooth it. It is cold in winter, so it is necessary to enclose the pot with dry straw or cotton wool to keep warm. It is very hot in summer, so don't bother. After a day or two, sweet and delicious wine has been made, which can be pleasing to the eye. Brewing is popular with the public because of its delicious taste and low alcohol content.

Liquor. It is named because it is as white as soup when cooked. The brewing method of liquor is similar to liquor brewing, but the Baiyao used is different. In the later stage of brewing, wine and rice should be poured into the jar, a certain proportion of warm water should be added, the jar mouth should be sealed and pressed tightly, and it can be drunk after about 10 days.

Old wine. Old wine is usually brewed by farmers in Fan Hu area of our city. Farmers rely on the advantages of abundant grain and glutinous rice, so they often brew old wine for drinking and entertaining guests. Of course, the brewing process needs more efforts and thinking.

Soju is now called liquor in the market. Since ancient times, shochu has also been an indispensable standing wine for farmers in our city, especially in Shan Nong. In hot summer, many addicts prefer this kind of home-made shochu with high alcohol content and strong sex. Because of the different raw materials, there are sorghum, Liugu, barley and sweet potato. Most of the operations of making soju are undertaken by farmers themselves. In the early days, there was also a kind of wine called "malt extract". It is said that "malt extract" is better than old wine, and some even say it is better than old wine. There is a set of special tools for shochu, which must be operated by special personnel.

Improved proverb

In the countryside of Zhuji, there is a saying that people will complain after eating Qingming fruit. This was very realistic in the past. The Qingming Festival is the best season for spring ploughing and sowing, and it is the key moment to determine the annual harvest of crops. Therefore, after eating Qingming fruit, farmers will try to invest in mountain fields.

2 1 century is different today. The villagers are still very leisurely after eating Qingming fruit. Old people play red star mahjong and talk about the situation, while young people ride motorcycles in fashion. At present, most people in their hometown pay attention to industry and commerce or go out to work, so farmland in mountainous areas has become a sideline. Lake fields are mostly planted according to people's needs, and are equipped with one-stop production in line with market economy, such as processing and promotion. To be clear, modern rural agriculture has also been industrialized. They put most of their energy into efficient industry and commerce and go out to work, so farmers have no busy farming season and slack farming season.

If we have to mention a solar term, the so-called Tomb-Sweeping Day will leave us graves, hike and eat Qingming fruits. Due to the pleasant temperature after Tomb-Sweeping Day, all walks of life have also put into normal operation in the joy of the Spring Festival, and farmers in Huifeng Yangjiao have made a lot of money in doing business or going out to work. Therefore, hometown people improved the old saying that "eating Qingming will complain" into: eating Qingming will make you rich.

Dajiaobu

It can be said that the most distinctive feature of Huijiaoshan area is pushing the cloth with big feet.

It is found at the intersection of Shaoxing, Shengzhou and Zhuji in Zhejiang, but its name is different from that of Dabu or Bigfoot Cloth.

Bigfoot cloth may be the same from ancient times to the present, a white cloth about two meters long and fifty centimeters wide. Because of its simple manufacture, low cost of raw materials and extremely low market price. Even so, people still like to make it themselves. It is not a modern ornament, but it is an inseparable item like most men's pipes.

Bigfoot cloth can be used in many ways. In hot weather, it acts as a towel. At the same time, it is tied to the waist, which can increase the strength of the waist and abdomen when working. Therefore, in the summer of childhood, you can often see men with big feet wrapped around their waist and carrying hundreds of kilograms of grain. After walking for a while, they used the "crib" to support their burden and have a rest. At the same time, they made free their hands to wipe their heads with the big foot cloth around their waist.

After a hard day's work, men must take a bath in the river. At this time, the big foot cloth became a bath towel again. Rub it a few times, then wring it out and wipe off all the water droplets on my body. Finally, my hips look like a woman's apron, so I went straight home and saved the trouble of changing my shorts.

When you go to the market, if you buy trivial things and don't have a suitable bag, you can wrap them at both ends of the big foot cloth and bring them back on your shoulder. At this time, it is a bit like a wallet in the north.

Some people who don't care much about the soil can also wrap up some wild fruits of whipping bamboo shoots with big feet cloth and wear them on their bodies when they are working in the mountains. Because people who go up the mountain always have to wait for lunch before they can take some bamboo or branches home, they often can't make room, so Bigfoot cloth comes in handy.

Not long ago, my friend made a special trip to see me. When we talked about our childhood Bigfoot cloth, he said angrily, "It has long since disappeared. No one cultivates land now. Everyone is busy catching up with the economic tide to make money. "

Bigfoot, maybe I can only look for you from my childhood memories.

Zhuji Hutian cooks rice porridge in the world (local proverb)

Zhuji Lake is ripe, and porridge is a human meal.

When the lake is ripe, the yellow dog can easily please the old grandmother.

If Zhuji has money, work hard on the mountain.

Three nights, the moon comes early, and once it thunders, it's good to punt.

The three suns were called heaven, and a thunderstorm drowned them.

Thirteen in Wantian and seven in Qiao Feng.

Tianzhishan wears a hat, and Kengwu Mountain wears a robe.

The low lake was born on the high mountain, while the high lake fell into the water.

The mountains should not be wide or narrow.

Don't cross the string hillock when you are alive, and don't see Yan Luowang when you are dead.