1. Physical Geography
Physical geography studies the physical characteristics and natural environment of the earth, including topography, climate and meteorology, hydrogeology, pedology, vegetation and ecosystem. It discusses the formation process of the earth's surface, the causes and effects of various natural phenomena, and studies the interaction between human beings and the natural environment.
2. Human geography
Human geography pays attention to human activities and spatial distribution, as well as the impact of these activities on the geographical environment. It studies human settlements, transportation, economic activities, cultural heritage, urbanization and other aspects. Through the study of human geography, we can reveal the social, economic and cultural differences in different regions.
3. Economic geography
Economic geography studies the distribution of economic activities in geographical space and its influencing factors. It pays attention to economic and geographical phenomena such as industrial structure, resource distribution, trade relations and urban development. The study of economic geography can provide important support for the development strategy, regional planning and resource management of countries and regions.
4. Urban geography
Urban geography studies the formation, development and operation mechanism of cities, covering urban scale, spatial structure, functional layout, population distribution, urban environment and so on. It studies the relationship between cities and villages, the process of urbanization and the methods to solve urban problems, and provides theoretical and practical support for urban planning and management.
5. Environmental geography
Environmental geography studies the impact of human activities on the earth's environment and the causes and solutions of environmental problems. It involves climate change, land degradation, water resources management, biodiversity protection, environmental pollution and other issues. The study of environmental geography is of great significance to the realization of sustainable development and environmental protection.
6. Geographic information science
Geographic information science uses remote sensing, geographic information system and global positioning system to study the temporal and spatial distribution and changes of earth surface phenomena. It is used in geological exploration, environmental monitoring, urban planning, disaster management and other fields to provide spatial data support for scientific research and decision-making.