Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Also known as Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. It is a perennial twining herb of Spartinaceae. Location: Henan, Hubei, Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan, Jiangsu and other places. In addition, Shandong, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Yunnan and other provinces (regions) also have production. Most of them are wild and cultivated. Take root tuber and vine as medicine. Roots and rhizomes contain anthraquinones, mainly chrysophanol and emodin, followed by rhein, rhein methyl ether and rhein powder. In addition, there are starch, fat and lecithin. Pharmacological experiments show that Polygonum multiflorum Thunb promotes the regeneration and development of blood cells. It can prevent cholesterol from depositing in the liver, relieve atherosclerosis and inhibit bacteria. Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata is sweet, astringent and warm. It has the effects of nourishing liver and kidney, nourishing essence and blood, nourishing heart and tranquilizing mind, and blackening hair. Treat neurasthenia, anemia, premature leukorrhea, dizziness, insomnia, night sweats, nocturnal emission and leucorrhea. Raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb tastes slightly bitter, sweet and flat. Has the effects of moistening intestine, removing toxic substances and resolving hard mass. Treat constipation, scrofula and carbuncle. The vine stem is Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, which is sweet, slightly bitter and flat. Has the effects of calming nerves, dredging collaterals and expelling wind. Treat insomnia, strain, hyperhidrosis, blood deficiency and body pain.

I. Morphological characteristics

The stem is 3-4 meters long, slightly woody at the base and multi-branched at the upper part. The root is slender, the apex expands into an irregular block, the quality is hard, and the surface is reddish brown to dark brown. Leaves alternate and have long stalks; Stipules sheaths membranous, supporting stems; Leaf blade narrowly ovate or cordate, 4-9 cm long and 2.5-5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base cordate, entire. Panicle terminal or axillary, small and dense flowers, white, perianth 5-parted, lobes obovate, different sizes, outside 3 pieces with wings on the back; Stamens 8, shorter than perianth, ovary ovoid triangle, stigma 3-lobed. Achenes are oval, triangular, black and shiny (fig.14-104).

Fig.14 ——104 morphological diagram of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

1. root 2. Flower branch 3. Flowers 4. The longitudinal section of the flower shows stamens 5. Pistil 6. Ripe fruit. Achene

Second, biological characteristics.

Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Grown in stone crevices on hillsides, bushes or semi-shaded ridges along roadsides. Strong adaptability, like warm and humid climate. Avoid stagnant water.

Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Planting or harvesting in spring can blossom and bear fruit that year. When the stems and vines of Polygonum multiflorum planted in mid-March grow rapidly from April to June, the underground roots gradually expand to form tuberous roots; At the same time, 1-5 roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, which only grew on nodes in that year, were thicker. Only in March-June of the second year can it gradually expand and form a root tuber. At the same time, the growth of aboveground parts is positively correlated with the number or size of underground roots.

Third, cultivation techniques.

(1) land selection and preparation

Woodlands, hillsides, ridges and houses can all be planted. It is best to choose good drainage, loose and fertile soil or sandy loam for cultivation. When preparing the soil, apply base fertilizer, turn it 30-35cm deep, rake it carefully, and make a high border. The size of the boundary depends on the terrain. Generally high ridge, about 130cm wide.

(2) Breeding methods

Propagation by seeds and cuttings.

1. Seed propagation

(1) live broadcast

Sow in early March to early April with a row spacing of 30-35cm. After applying human and animal manure, sow evenly in the ditch. When the soil is 3 cm and the height of seedlings is 5 cm, the spacing between seedlings is about 30-35 cm.

(2) Seedling raising and transplanting

This method is proved to be labor-consuming, and the yield of direct seeding is more than 2 times higher than that of seedling transplanting.

2. Cutting

From early March to early April, stems and vines of healthy and disease-free plants were selected and cut into cuttings of about 25 cm. Each cutting should have 2-3 knots, with a row spacing of 30-35cm, a plant spacing of 30-35cm and a hole depth of 20cm. Each point should have 2-3 knots, and it is not allowed to insert backwards, cover the soil and compact it, and apply human and animal feces.

(3) Site management

Sowing or cutting should be kept moist in the field. Attention should be paid to weeding during the growing period, and human and animal manure should be applied once in May. The height of the seedlings is about 30cm, so it is necessary to insert bamboo poles or branches and let the stems and vines twine and grow. In February 65438, when the seedlings were dumped, the dead vines were removed, decomposed compost or soil mixed fertilizer was applied once, and the rhizosphere was cultivated.

(4) Pests and diseases and their control

Leaf spot (Alternaria alternata) keissl ) and (Ascomycetes) mostly occur in summer. At the initial stage of the disease, 1:1:bordeaux mixture or 3% validamycin 50ppm can be sprayed1time every week for 2-3 times.

In addition, there are aphids that harm the stems and leaves. See safflower for prevention and control methods.

Fourth, harvesting and processing.

It can be harvested after planting for 3-4 years, and the yield of direct seeding for 4 years is increased by 10.3%, seedling transplanting for 4 years is increased by 30.2%, and cutting for 4 years is increased by 32.4%. After defoliation in autumn or before germination in early spring. Remove the stems and vines, dig out the roots, wash the soil, cut the large ones into thick pieces of about 2cm, and dry or dry the small ones.

Attachment: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. It's the stem and vine of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. After planting, the stems and vines are cut off in the autumn of the following year to remove the shoots and residual leaves, and dried in the sun to obtain Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.