Wang Jinshan threatened: sooner or later, we will destroy imperialism and go to war with the United States! A few months later, when the Korean War broke out, Wang Jinshan crossed the Yalu River and made a real effort to compete with the Americans.
1June, 950, the Korean War broke out.
It is said that at the end of 1949, Wang Jinshan made a big joke when he marched into the southwest to liberate Chongqing. At that time, he led the 12 Army to the newly liberated Chongqing. The military headquarters was located in the residence of Li Genggu, the garrison commander of Chongqing Kuomintang, and Li Genggu fled hastily. Li Fu is resplendent and magnificent, and all the gold and silver that can't be taken away are soft and scattered all over the floor.
When Wang Jinshan walked into Commander Li's office, the telephone kept ringing. As soon as he picked up the receiver, a greasy voice came: "Hello, is Miss Li there?"
Wang Jinshan shouted angrily: "Miss Li is married, and now there is only one prince!" With that, he hung up the phone. "He is not Japanese, and shouted a few words. Then, he walked from room to room, collecting soft piles of gold and silver, and was so busy that he was sweating.
When the political commissar saw it, he asked, "Lao Wang, what are you looking for?"
Wang Jinshan replied in a dull voice: "Map!"
Soon, the news that the "mad king" was rummaging in the gold and silver nest reached Liu Bocheng. He smiled and called out the "mad king" and deliberately asked, "It's not far from the mountain. I heard you were busy. What treasure are you looking for at Li Gengu's house? "
"Find a map." Wang Jinshan said with a smile.
"What map are you looking for?" Liu Bocheng asked.
"Li is looking for maps of India and Myanmar and is the commander of the Chongqing garrison. Maybe there is such a thing. "
Liu Bocheng interrupted him and asked, "What are you looking for maps of India and Myanmar for?"
Wang Jinshan raised his eyebrows in surprise and said seriously, "We have hit Chongqing." If we go further south, will we hit India and Myanmar? "
Liu Bocheng laughed out loud: "Near the mountain, near the mountain, who told you we were going to print Myanmar?"
However, sooner or later, we will destroy imperialism and go to the United States! Wang Jinshan replied.
After the news came out, someone smiled and said, "The Mad King's talk about war is really shocking! He also said that he would go to America to fight Americans. Hey, what fun! "
But a few months later, the Korean War broke out, and Wang Jinshan's words of "rash fellow" came true. Although they didn't go to the United States, the volunteers crossed the Yalu River and became more enthusiastic about the Americans, playing with live ammunition. Then someone sighed and said, "Oh, this mad king is so accurate. He said he would hit Americans, but in fact we hit Americans! Other people's crazy brains are stronger than ours! "
No one knows whether Wang Jinshan's joke is true or not. However, in June of 1950, 1 1, he really left Chungking and became the deputy commander of the third army of Chinese people's Volunteer Army, and went to North Korea to participate in the war.
Wang Jinshan, known as the "ever-victorious general", suffered a "fiasco" at the beginning of the Korean War, and his 180 division was almost wiped out. Mao Zedong summoned Wang Jinshan in the middle of the night and said, The main responsibility is not yours. I hope you can put down your burden and continue to work hard in the future.
1951March 16, deputy commander Wang Jinshan took over as commander of the third corps and commanded the third corps to fight in Korea.
Who knows that fate played a big joke on him from the beginning. He is called "the ever-victorious general". He went to South Korea to fight, but he actually lost first. The 60th Army180th Division lost more than 7,000 soldiers, almost all of them were wiped out. This incident shocked Mao Zedong.
On April 22, Peng ordered the fifth campaign to be carried out in advance to prevent the "United Nations Army" from counterattack and amphibious landing.
The task of the 60th Army is to cut off the ties between the US and South Korea, and to contain the US Marine Corps 1 7th Division from Lee to Dalongshan. Before the battle began, 179 division and 18 1 division were assigned to 12 army and 15 army respectively by the 3rd Corps. All the combat tasks of the 60th Army fell on the shoulders of the180th Division. That night, the 538th and 539th regiments of 180 Division crossed the Northern Han River in Xuanyan and Falei respectively. The next day, the whole division crossed the North Han River.
On May 2 1, Peng sent a telegram to the delegations: Due to the lack of transportation, food and ammunition could not be supplied, and the American troops on the western front had aided the eastern front, making it difficult for our army to continue to expand its offensive, and the fifth campaign was temporarily ended. The Volunteer Command issued an order to retreat and transfer.
After receiving the evacuation order, Wang Jinshan immediately ordered the 60th Army to be the sniper of the 3rd Corps, and several other troops were transferred accordingly. On the evening of May 22nd, the commander of the 60th Army issued an order to retreat. But on this day, the main force of 180 Division fought with the US Marine Corps 1 Division, and the main positions changed hands repeatedly. It was not until the next morning that they received an evacuation order. But when they were ready to take action, they suddenly found that the 63 friendly troops in the right block retreated without telling them. Teacher Zheng Qigui sent an urgent message to the military department.
After receiving the urgent telegram, Zheng Qigui, commander of the 60 th Army, sent a telegram saying: "Pay attention to sending troops to cover the right wing, and prepare to move the troops to the west of Chunchuan, south of the North Hanshui River, on the evening of the 23rd to continue the defense."
After receiving the call back, Zheng Qigui immediately sent two companies to occupy the original 63 rd Army Defense Zone, and the main force of the division began to cross the river and head north to Chunchuan. Who knows that night, the 60th army commander received an urgent telegram from the acting commander Wang Jinshan:
Due to the lack of transportation capacity, the wounded on the battlefield were not transported out, and all the 5000 wounded in 12 troops were not transported out; In addition to 15 troops, there are 2000 disabled people near Shuisi Cave. The 60th Army 1000 people were injured. So it was decided that the ministries would not retreat for the time being, build strong fortifications at the front line to stop the enemy and transport the wounded before retreating. I hope the army can arrange in this spirit and tell us.
The commander of the 60th Army misunderstood the "ministries" in Wang Jinshan's express telegram as "the 60th Army must undertake the transportation of the whole group of wounded" and ordered the180th Division again: "Stop retreating northward and continue to undertake the transportation of the whole group of wounded in the south of Northern Han Dynasty." Jiangnan soldiers should strive to persist for five days. "
As a result, at night, the neighboring troops of the 180 division retreated across the board, leaving only one of them trapped in the encirclement of the US military. Finally, after seven days and seven nights of fierce fighting with the powerful enemy, only 3000 people from one division returned to the team, and more than 7000 officers and men were killed or captured.
This move eventually led to the biggest military loss in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
180 division suffered heavy losses for various reasons. First of all, the division was upgraded from local troops in the late period of the liberation war, and never fought a big battle or a fierce battle. After the department arrived in Sichuan, it was ready for localization. After receiving the order from the CMC, the troops assembled urgently, reorganized quickly and set out for North Korea. Many battle backbones have been lost in the army 2. The teacher studied in Nanjing Military Academy, and Zheng Qigui, a political commissar before the war, served as a teacher. Zheng Qigui used to be engaged in political work, never really commanded a division's troops to go to the battlefield, and his ability to deal with war was very insufficient. This is the key to failure.
As the commander of the Third Corps, Wang Jinshan also has certain responsibilities. He despised the enemy and was careless. He did not explain the order and method of deploying troops. He just forwarded Ike's telegram to the troops, just like ordering the old troops to call. 1998 turn off the radio.
Later, the commander of the 60th Army recalled that when he realized the danger of the180th Division, he asked whether the Corps would retreat from the180th Division. However, due to the failure to get in touch with the Corps, considering the overall situation, 180 Division had to anchor behind enemy lines alone. At this point, Zheng Qigui, as a teacher, is indecisive. When the troops were in danger, he still couldn't make up his mind to break through after three days and missed the opportunity to break through. After being besieged, he instructed the chief of staff to destroy the password, destroy the radio station and mistakenly implement radio silence for fear of being discovered by the US military. So on the one hand, the 180 branch can't contact the superior, on the other hand, the superior can't contact the branch. Later, it was found that the 180 division was dangerous. All the radio stations directly under the division, the third corps and the sixtieth army called 180 division, but they couldn't get in touch. They are very anxious. The third-level leaders were anxious like ants on hot bricks, telling 180 division how to break through quickly, but they couldn't do it because the radio couldn't communicate.
According to the post-war attrition statistics of 180 division, the total number of casualties and unidentified personnel in 180 division is 7644, including division-level cadres 1 person, 9 regimental cadres, 49 battalion-level cadres, 20 company-level cadres1person, 394 platoon-level cadres and 6999 cadres below division level.
After the battle, Mao Zedong specially summoned Wang Jinshan, the acting commander of the Third Corps.
Wang Jinshan took only one staff member to see Mao Zedong. In Zhongnanhai, Mao Zedong asked him to report the details of the fifth campaign and the reasons for the failure of the 180 division. Wang Jinshan barely finished the story of 180 division and said, "The loss of 180 division is mainly my responsibility", and then he couldn't go on. The entourage made a supplementary report.
Mao Zedong said after listening: "Wang Jinshan, you are a more organized staff officer than you." He is defending the commander. Does the leader of the 60th Army know about the 5th Campaign and the180th Division? "
The cadres of the 60 th Army have different opinions on the command of the second phase of the campaign, mainly because of my command error. Wang Jinshan answered frankly.
"Now is the investigation and study. Now is not the time to draw conclusions. Whose responsibility it is, it will be clear after investigation. Pushing out is a kind of responsibility, and it can't be pushed out without responsibility. Judging from your report just now, it seems that the responsibilities of divisions, regiments, armies and divisions are different, and who bears the main responsibility needs further investigation. Some people say that your right deviation caused the loss of the 180 division. It seems that this conclusion cannot be reached immediately. You must provide sufficient evidence for the reported situation. " Mao Zedong said.
The entourage said: "I recorded the two stages of the battle in the battle diary. The enemy's situation, the deployment of our army and the time, place and situation of actual combat are all accurate. "
Mao Zedong said, "Well, you can show me this diary."
Five days later, the entourage went to deliver the diary. Q: "To tell the truth, is your commander Wang right?"
After the answer, the staff summoned 60 army commanders separately, and then summoned 12 army commander and 15 army commander Qin Jiwei to find Liu Bocheng, Xu, Peng and Xie Fang. Finally, I'm sure Wang Jinshan has no right deviation problem.
Mao Zedong called Wang Jinshan again in the middle of the night and said, "The losses of the fifth battle and the 180 division have all been found out, and the main responsibility is not yours. I hope you can put down your burden and continue to work hard in the future. I told He Peng, the commander of the 60th Army, that the commander of the180th Division must be removed from his post, and he could not lead troops to fight in the future. You are a winning general, but you can't underestimate the pride of your enemy. "
When Wang Jinshan came to North Korea, he was not acclimatized. General Chang Sheng fell for the first time, and this time it was not light! Such a big defeat is rare in the history of our army, and Wang Jinshan himself is full of blood.
Wang Jinshan attacked with "madness" and "three dozen troops" and won Shangganling. When the film "Shangganling" was released, Wang Jinshan deliberately went to see it, but he burst into tears and gave up halfway.
Wang Jinshan is Wang Jinshan after all, but in his heart, he is unwilling.
1952 in autumn and winter, in Shangganling, less than 4 kilometers away from Fiona Fang, why?
This autumn, the cold came to the Korean peninsula ahead of schedule. General Clark, the newly appointed commander of the "United Nations Army", Collins, the chief of staff of the US Army, South Korean President Li Chengwan, and Van Flett, the commander of the Eighth Army of the US Army, visited the front line many times. Two months later, they planned a "decisive battle" plan-"first capture Shangganling area, then capture Wusheng Mountain, and then attack Pingkang and Jincheng" to "turn the tide".
Mountain No.5 is a strategic place in central Korea, with dangerous terrain. Control the Five Mountains, protect Pingkang Plain in the west, face Jincheng in the east, overlook the road leading to the east coast and look at mineralization in the south. If the Five Mountains fall, the vast plains north of Pingkang will be hit by the enemy's commanding heights and defeated. Shangling Mountain is located at the southern foot of Vu Thang Mountain, with two highlands-5979 and 5377, which are called "Triangle Mountain" and "Sniper Mountain" respectively. It is the key point to control Wusheng Mountain and the breakthrough point to attack Shangganling.
Wang Jinshan led the troops to guard Shangganling.
Clark, Collins, Li Chengwan, Van fleet, etc. Jumping around five mountains attracted the attention of the headquarters of the Volunteers. Peng informed the Third Corps of this situation. According to the reconnaissance of the frontline troops, Wang Jinshan predicted that the US military would attack soon. Therefore, he gave instructions to the 12th Army and 15th Army of the 3rd Corps: The enemy may have a large-scale battle in Vu Thang or Pingkang in the near future, and we should pay close attention to the enemy's movements. It is necessary to inform the troops and make all preparations to smash possible enemy attacks. If the enemy dares to invade, he must hold his ground, fight for every inch of land, annihilate the enemy in large numbers and completely smash the enemy's attack!
Sure enough, as Wang Jinshan and others expected, Clark quickly launched the so-called "golden offensive." 10 June 14 At midnight, the US and South Korean puppet troops suddenly opened fire and stormed Shangganling. The shell lasted for more than two hours and blew the sky red. As soon as the artillery fire stopped, seven battalions, including the 7th Division of the US Army and the 2nd Division of the Korean Army, launched a fierce attack on Shangganling. 15 the defense forces of the volunteers fought bravely.
In the battle, the 87th Regiment of the 29th Division fell. Then they fought back. In the counterattack, Qiu, a brave and fearless hero, appeared in Jiu Lian. In order not to expose the hidden troops, Qiu insisted on self-immolation and was finally burned alive into a pile of "charcoal". Qiu's heroic behavior inspired the officers and men of the Ninth Company to March forward bravely and regain their positions.
On this day, the enemy frantically fired more than 300,000 shells. Wang Jinshan calmly ordered the 45th Division of 15 Army to stop carrying out the original attack plan against the enemy, focusing on the junction of Vu Thang Mountain and two highlands, and determined Shangganling as the main attack direction. 12 Army is the reserve of the Corps campaign, and will be put into operation in due course. To this end, Wang Jinshan said: "We must firmly hold the five mountains and be prepared to pay a huge price. We must fight the battle of Ganling, prepare two divisions and defeat the seventh division of the United States. "
From the early morning of 14, the two sides fought fiercely for 7 days and 7 nights. Although more than 7,000 American soldiers were captured, the fierce attack was not repelled. Clark still sent troops to attack Shangganling. In many competitions, the 45th Division of 15 Army fought hard and suffered heavy casualties. 18, Shangganling position fell for the first time, and the 45 th Division retreated to the tunnel to fight.
Five lives are at stake! Kangping is in danger! At this point, Wang Jinshan started the story of "three adjustments and twelve armies".
He transferred the 12 army and ordered the 9 1 regiment of the 3 1 division to return to the command of the 15 army as the second echelon of the 44th division of the 15 army. Subsequently, the 44th Division launched an attack for seven days in a row, which prevented the U.S. military from attacking the 45th Division head-on, and forced the 7th Division of the U.S. military to move westward.
At the same time, the defense teams of the two key highlands "Triangle Mountain" and "Sniper Ridge" in Shangganling launched a pit road battle in an all-round way, and cooperated with the counterattack to compete with the enemy for positions many times. inside
Wang Jinshan's "madness" has begun to attack, and he is determined to fight the battle of Ganling.
The next day, he transferred the 12 Army and the 3 1 Division 93 Regiment to Wusheng Mountain for three times to prepare for the battle in Shangganling. At the same time, 34th Division 100 Regiment, 35th Division 106 Regiment and 103 Regiment are on standby.
Ceng Shaoshan is his secretary in the Red Army. Seeing the "teacher" transfer troops three times, he couldn't help saying, "Teacher, this battle is getting bigger and bigger!"
"This will be a sustained, large-scale and cruel decisive battle." Wang Jinshan answered coldly.
Later, his words came true, and the battle of Shangganling lasted for two months! According to incomplete statistics, the 3rd Corps repelled 25 attacks by troops above the enemy camp, more than 650 attacks by troops below the enemy camp, and carried out 29 large-scale counterattacks. This is another story.
10 In late June, when our army retreated to the tunnel to fight the enemy repeatedly, the 7th Division of the US Army suddenly retreated from the "Triangle Mountain" and then marched westward. The South Korean Second Division immediately took over the attack. At this time, 12 army 3 1 division has arrived in Shangganling area. Seeing that the time had come, Wang Jinshan ordered a decisive counterattack.
15 10/2 1 on October 30th, the 5th Company of 45th Division and 2nd Company of 29th Division, with the close cooperation of artillery support and 3rd Company of tunnel, successfully counterattacked the "Triangle Mountain", annihilated more than 4 companies and regained their positions.
The next night, the 3 1 Division 9 1 regiment took advantage of the night to meet the main peak of the Triangle Mountain, which had just been recaptured by the brothers.
When the main peak of the "Triangle Mountain" fell, Van fleet, commander of the Eighth Army of the United States, was worried. Before dawn, he started shelling again and ordered hundreds of planes to bomb indiscriminately.
In the afternoon, the 3rd1regiment of the 7th Division attacked again. The eighth company stubbornly insisted that the American army could not advance, so it turned to attack other positions. Even Class Eight has specially set aside people to actively support the "brothers". Support is support, play two heroes who like "crazy" as corps commanders!
When the enemy swarmed in full view and the "Brothers Army" was disrupted, the Americans with big noses were widely dispersed, which made them feel uncomfortable and rushed to their positions. The situation is very critical. Just then, Wang Wancheng and Zhu Youguang, a group of soldiers who were "helping out", suddenly detonated the explosive tube and rushed into the enemy group. Under the eyes of the public, he died with the enemy who broke into the enemy group and wrote a heroic hymn.
This is the glorious image of "Wang Cheng" in the later film Heroes and Children, in which "Wang Cheng" is actually the prototype of Wang Wancheng and Zhu Youguang.
Since then, the United States-Lebanon Coalition forces have been bombed by planes every day and launched hundreds of rampant attacks, but the soldiers of the Third Army still held their ground.
At this time, Wang Jinshan made another decision: the troops compiled while fighting, and supplemented them in time according to the casualties. The 45th Division of 15 Army immediately withdrew to the rear for rectification except artillery, communication and logistics units, but its command system and service support system remained unchanged, and continued to support 12 Army.
165438+1At dawn on October 5th, with the support of more than 100 planes and more than 30 tanks, the 5th Battalion of the 2nd Division and 9th Division of the Korean Army captured the "Triangle Mountain" again in three ways.
The war was fierce before. 9 1 regiment stubbornly persisted, fought fiercely for 10 hours, and annihilated more than 2,000 people. The South Korean army was forced to stop attacking and the "Triangle Mountain" was consolidated.
In order to expand the results and not give the enemy a chance to breathe, Wang Jinshan decided to shift the focus of the battle eastward to the "sniper ridge" in Beishan, and concentrated his forces to fight back, thus winning the final victory of Shangganling campaign.
The next day, it rained in Mao Mao. At dusk, the 29 th Division of the 92 nd Regiment launched a counterattack against the "Sniper Ridge" Beishan. The gunfire rumbled and shook the earth, and the enemy's position turned into a sea of fire. At dusk, the 1 battalion, 17 regiment and the 2nd Division of the garrison were all killed, and Beishan returned to Wang Jinshan.
The second division of the South Korean Army lost its important position, and the enemy division commander was very anxious. Before dawn, they sent a regiment to attack Beishan under the cover of heavy troops.
On the third day, the 92nd Regiment continued to fight the enemy repeatedly in the "Sniper Ridge" in Beishan, repeatedly attacking the enemy and killing the enemy on a large scale again, and there were enemies everywhere. At the same time, in order to cooperate with the fighting in Beishan, the 93rd Regiment stubbornly resisted the enemy's counterattack on the "Triangle Mountain" with a small number of troops, annihilated more than 900 enemies, and further consolidated the "Triangle Mountain".
However, the enemy did not stop there. He attacked Beishan again and again in the sniper ridge. This fierce battle is extremely cruel. In some areas, the mountains have been lowered and the floating soil is more than a foot deep.
Six days and six nights is a fierce battle, and a position is repeatedly contested. Although the enemy suffered heavy casualties, they continued to fight back desperately, trying to occupy and attack the northern mountain of Lingbei in the hopeless situation of capturing the "Triangle Mountain". In this way, the "metallization offensive" won half of the "victory" and could save some face for the "United Nations Army". But their dreams were shattered. 1 17 10/7 evening, Li Desheng, the front command post, ordered the 34th Division 106 Regiment to take over the 92nd Regiment and take part in the mountain blocking battle in Beishan.
Before Wu Xian went up the mountain, Wang Jinshan talked to him personally and said, "The Twelfth Army has gone to four regiments. I hope you can go up, restore and consolidate the position in Beishan, and completely defeat the enemy's attack. The legion should not invest in new troops. "
Wu Xiaoxian is the first battalion commander of Dabie Mountain, the main direction of Huaihai Campaign, and the southwest vanguard. He personally arrested Wen Li, commander of the Kuomintang Fifth Army Corps, and was Wang Jinshan's favorite person. As a result, as soon as he caught up with the 106 regiment, he began to compete fiercely with the enemy.
165438+1October 18, 3rd battalion and 8th company set out. 1 191October 65438+ The seventh company went bankrupt. 165438+1On October 20th, the last company, Jiulian, was taken over and the war resumed. However, on 2 1, a miracle appeared. After repelling the enemy's attacks for more than 50 times, Wu Xiaoxian led the whole regiment 1500 casualties, which caused great losses to the enemy and finally won the battle.
Since then, a regiment of Wu Hsiao-hsien has been guarding the mountain for more than 20 days, and three regiments of the 2nd and 9th divisions of the South Korean Army have successively launched 102 attacks, all of which were annihilated. He also actively launched 1 1 counter-attacks, attacked the enemy for 8 times, and ambushed 1 times, completely smashing the enemy's campaign attacks. Finally, I went back to the building in 65438+February 65438+May, and completed the task of "fighting to the end and closing the stall". At this point, the battle of Shangganling ended successfully.
The Battle of Shang Ling was Wang Jinshan's biggest action in North Korea. His "madness" in Shangganling, less than 4 square kilometers, attracted more than 65,438+10,000 troops from both sides, killing and injuring more than 40,000 people.
Clark originally wanted to "surprise, it took only two battalions to reach the goal in five days." Finally, he had to say, "This' golden offensive' has become a vicious gamble to save face. This battle was lost. " Van fleet, commander of the Eighth Army of the United States under his command, even publicly admitted: "This is the bloodiest and longest-lasting battle in this war, which has caused great losses to the United Nations."
Wang Jinshan's madness shocked the whole world. He was awarded the first-class medal of freedom and independence of North Korea twice.
Later, the Battle of Shangganling was made into the film Shangganling. When the film was released, Wang Jinshan went to see it specially, but he left in tears halfway.