Menstrual changes

1 Frequent menstruation means that the menstrual cycle is shorter than 2 1 day, which is often accompanied by prolonged time from premenstrual drip to bleeding. Most of the reasons are luteal insufficiency.

Sparse menstruation in February means that the menstrual cycle is more than 35 days, which is caused by rare ovulation and often accompanied by decreased menstrual flow.

3 Irregular uterine bleeding Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is caused by stopping ovulation.

After the synthesis of ovarian sex hormones in amenorrhea is greatly reduced, the endometrium loses the influence of estrogen and progesterone, and is in a static state, and no longer proliferates and falls off. At this time, amenorrhea occurs.

(2) Symptoms of unstable vasomotor function

It is characterized by hot flashes and sweating, sometimes accompanied by headache. Hot flashes are characteristic symptoms of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Only a few women (about 15%-25%) do not have hot flashes, and those with severe symptoms account for about 10%-20%. The onset time of symptoms ranges from about 4 1% after the age of 39 to irregular menstruation, and it is the most serious in 1-2 years before menopause, and 10% will have daily or frequent attacks. 50% feel distressed. A few occur after menopause. About 85% of women's symptoms last more than 1 year, of which about 25%-50% last for 5 years. With the prolongation of menopause, symptoms can be alleviated or disappear naturally, and about 10%- 15% of women last for more than 10- 15 years.

Typical manifestations: sudden upper body fever, rushing from chest to head, or accompanied by head swelling, dizziness or weakness, lasting for several seconds to 30 minutes; You often sweat a lot or feel cold before the symptoms disappear. Because it often happens at night, it affects sleep, causing fatigue, inattention, memory loss and other symptoms, ranging from several days to dozens of times day and night.

The signs of hot flashes are flushing on the face, neck and chest, rising upper limb temperature, normal or slightly lower body temperature and unchanged blood pressure.

Symptoms of autonomic nervous system instability

Such as palpitation, dizziness, insomnia and abnormal skin sensation. Often accompanied by hot flashes, a few women do not have hot flashes, but only show one or more of these symptoms.

(4) Mental and psychological symptoms

Such as depression, anxiety, paranoia, low self-confidence, inattention, excitability, terror, and even hysterical symptoms.

(5) Symptoms of cardiovascular system

1 Increased or fluctuating blood pressure

2 palpitation or arrhythmia

(6) Sexual desire change

Perimenopausal women often report decreased sexual desire, but there is no pain or difficulty in sexual intercourse; A few women have hypersexuality. Most people think that "they don't need it when they are old", which is essentially a cognitive error and psychological obstacle. They think that they are old and their sexual ability has declined. Or think that sex life is just for procreation, so it is not necessary, so it lacks initiative and interest in sex life, and even suspects that it is not attractive, which increases the interference and disharmony of sex life. Sexual medicine believes that sexual behavior is a comprehensive product of physiology and psychology, and human sexual behavior cannot be parallel to the level of sex hormones. Therefore, many women's sexual desire increases after the age of 50. From a medical point of view, the elderly should have regular sexual life, which is good for both men and women's physical and mental health.

Clinical manifestations of postmenopausal women

Atrophy of urogenital organs

It usually appears after menopause and gets worse with the increase of menopause years. If left untreated, atrophic changes will last a lifetime.

1 symptoms

(1) vulva and vagina are dry, or accompanied by itching. When complicated with infection, vaginal secretions increase or smell.

(2) bloody leucorrhea, or postmenopausal vaginal bleeding.

(3) Sexual pain

(4) Urgency and urinary incontinence

2 signs

(1) vulvar atrophy

(2) Vaginal atrophy

(3) Cervical and uterine contractions become smaller.

(4) The urethral orifice is red due to atrophy, or see caruncle.

(2) the change of body shape

1 Soft and drooping breasts.

Enlargement of abdomen and buttocks

3 when combined with osteoporosis, it can cause short stature, hunchback and abdominal protrusion. When walking, the toes are outward and the gait is faltering.