Born in a family of military attache who is not rich, he and his younger brother Lin received a good education since childhood. As a teenager, he was elected to the official school of Xian 'an Palace and received Confucian classics and Manchu-Chinese-Mongolian character education. Little Shenyang is talented, studious and outstanding, and is highly valued by teachers such as Wu Shenglan.
In the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong, 20-year-old Xiao Shenyang inherited the title of third-class captain from his ancestors. The next year, I took part in the imperial examination in Shuntianfu, and got a provincial examination, but I failed to get a candidate. However, little Shenyang, who is not famous, later took charge of many cultural and educational undertakings because of his talent.
In November of the thirty-seventh year of Qianlong, 23-year-old He Kun was appointed as a third-class bodyguard, which became an important turning point in his life.
Career transformation
The emperor had many bodyguards, but why did Xiao Shenyang get the appreciation of Qianlong?
"Yong 'an Notes" records: One day, when Qianlong was going out, he couldn't find a yellow cover for etiquette in his hurry. Gan Long asked, "Whose fault is this?" All the guards were too scared to make a sound, only Xiao Shenyang replied, "The person in charge of this matter is the culprit!" " Gan Long immediately promoted him.
There is also a saying that one day Qianlong sat in a sedan chair and recited the Analects of Confucius, forgetting the following. Xiao Shenyang recited fluently, and Gan Long was very happy. In a word, the young little Shenyang is handsome and talented, which may have attracted the attention of Gan Long in an accidental opportunity, and his fate has changed since then.
In October of the 40th year of Qianlong, 26-year-old Shenyang was promoted to the bodyguard of Ganqingmen, and in November he was promoted to the imperial bodyguard, and was awarded the deputy commander of Zhenglanqi. In the first month of forty-one, assistant minister Zuo was appointed, minister of military affairs in March and minister of the interior in April. ...
In just half a year, Xiao Shenyang went all the way from an ordinary bodyguard to the highest level of power in the Qing Dynasty and became the confidant of Emperor Qianlong.
Yunnan investigation
According to "Biography of Little Shenyang", in the first month of forty-five years of Qianlong (1780), 3 1 year-old little Shenyang accepted the heavy responsibility and went to Yunnan with assistant minister of punishments Kaning 'a to investigate the corruption case of Li Shiyao, a university student and governor of Yunnan and Guizhou.
As soon as Xiao Shenyang arrived in Yunnan, he detained Li Shiyao's housekeeper and obtained evidence, forcing the shrewd Li Shiyao to bow his head and plead guilty. It only took more than two months before and after, and Xiao Shenyang accepted this task and made a decree to treat Li Shiyao.
Later, Xiao Shenyang reported to the emperor that Yunnan's administration was chaotic and many counties had deficits, which needed to be thoroughly cleaned up and rectified. This report was immediately praised by Qianlong.
In May of that year, after Xiao Shenyang returned to Beijing, he further expressed to the emperor specific opinions on rectifying Yunnan's salt affairs, money law and border defense affairs, which were all affirmed by Qianlong.
Xiao Shenyang performed well in the case of Yunnan, which fully demonstrated his talent. Therefore, on his way back to Beijing, Xiao Shenyang was promoted to Minister of Finance.
Marry the royal family
After a month, Gan Long named his 6-year-old son and betrothed his favorite little daughter, Princess Xiao. They got married in Qianlong fifty-four years.
This marriage not only brought economic benefits to small Shenyang, but also brought immeasurable benefits to small Shenyang politically. Small Shenyang will get wind and rain, even if he does something wrong, he will not be punished.
In forty-six years of Qianlong, Su Forty-three rebelled in Gansu, and was suppressed by warlords together with A Gui, a university student. The front general was on the verge of victory, but little Shenyang made a fool of himself and turned victory into failure, resulting in the killing of the company commander Tu.
After understanding the situation, Gan Long ordered Xiao Shenyang to return to Beijing immediately. After Xiao Shenyang returned to Beijing, he was not punished, but served as the minister of war.
According to historical records, during the 29 years from Xiao Shenyang's succession to his conviction, there were 47 important official titles.
In the forty-first year of Qianlong, 27-year-old Xiao Shenyang was awarded the Military Affairs History. Three years later, the foreman's military history passed away, and A Gui, a college student in the guild hall, served as the foreman's military history. At that time, there were college students, Shang and Fu Changan in the military department. A Gui, Wang Jie and Gao Dong all hate small Shenyang. As a result, five ministers don't work together every day.
To this end, the suggestion and Qian Feng specially made a memorial, requesting the emperor to order the restoration of the rule of military and political minister Qi Xin. This paper is aimed at small Shenyang. Gan Long admitted that the situation reflected in the paper was correct, but it ended in nothing.
Ganlong knew that A Gui was at odds with Shenyang, and often asked A Gui to lead troops or discuss projects and handle cases. The real power of the military department naturally fell into the hands of Xiao Shenyang. When Magyarny, the British envoy of Qianlong, visited China in 1958, he heard that "many people in China privately called Little Shenyang the second emperor".
Qin Xiaogong (38 BC1-338 BC) was a Guo Junren of Qin during the Warring States Period. Last name is Won, and his name is Qu Liang. 36 BC1-reigned in the first 338 years. A famous monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period. Qin Xiaogong did two great things in his life, one was to move the capital to Xianyang, and the other was to appoint Shang Yang for political reform.
In 36 1 year BC, Qin Xiaogong officially ascended the throne at the age of 2 1 year. At this time, Qin was not valued by all countries, and even Zhou, whose power was overhead, was unwilling to pay attention to Qin. So, he shouted angrily: "The princes are not as ugly as Qin." This year, Qin Xiaogong promulgated the Order of Recruiting Talents. It was against this background that the patriot Shang Yang came to the State of Qin, and he was soon taken seriously. After Shang Yang's two powerful reform measures, Qin embarked on the road of enriching Qiang Bing. Shang Yang's political reform was the most thorough reform in the pre-Qin period, which abolished hereditary privileges and stipulated that Abel Tamata should be given the title of slave according to the meritorious military service.
In the 12th year of Qin Xiaogong (350 BC), he moved his capital from Yong (now Fengxiang South, Shaanxi Province) to Yang Mi (now Northeast, Yang Mi, Shaanxi Province) to further carry out political reform. Since then, the state of Qin has become increasingly prosperous, paving the way for the later unification of the six countries. , Yan Mourn Hou, and Zhao Chenghou are also called. At the junction of Chu, Wei and Qin, Wei has begun to build the Great Wall, from Zhengxian County to the north along the river, reaching directly. The vassal States of the Central Plains conquered each other, and Qin was in a remote place in Yongzhou, and did not participate in the Central Plains Alliance. Xiao Gong used the land of Qin State to stay away from the battlefield in the Central Plains to accumulate strength. He does good, helps widows, and Xiu De values martial arts. At the beginning of Xiao Gong's accession to the throne, in order to change the situation that Qin fell behind six countries in Kanto, he ordered Qiang Bing, a rich country, to recruit talents. Attack eastward,
Conquered Korea in 359 BC. As for Huai (now southwest of Wuzhi, Henan), it built a city in Yin (now southeast of Wuzhi). In the first 356 years, Xiao Gong took Wei Yang as the left elder to reform. Formulate strict laws and regulations to govern the country according to law, reward military achievements and encourage agricultural weaving. Soon, Qin took Wei to attack Zhao, defeated the Shi Bing of Wei in Yuanli (now southeast of Chengcheng, Shaanxi), and pulled out Shao Liang (now southwest of Hancheng, Shaanxi).
In 352 BC, Wei Yang, the dutiful son, was made a fortune by Liang Dali in Wei Anyi (now northwest of Xia County, Shaanxi Province). The following year, Qin Zhuguan was blocked by Shang (now southwest Shaanxi), and Qin surrounded Wei Guyang and attacked (now Lishi West Shaanxi).
In 350 BC, Wei Yang began the second political reform, moving the capital to Xianyang, abolishing the well-field system and setting up counties in a unified way. In the same year, Xiao Gong ordered Wei Yang to set up a camp in Xianyang and build a Ji Que. Xianyang Old Town, also known as Weicheng, is located in the east of Xianyang County 15. The following year, Xiao Gong moved the capital to Xianyang. Soon, in the early Qin Dynasty, counties and counties had fixed rank officials, that is, they stipulated county orders and their salaries, and military taxes were levied by households, and their county organizations became more and more complete. Qin Xiaogong actively supported Wei Yang's political reform. In the first 346 years, the prince broke the law and punished him for respecting heaven, so "the law is of great use, and the Qin people rule." Since then, Qin established a feudal system, making A Qin a country with advanced political system, developed economy and strong military strength. In 34 1 year BC, Qin Jun attacked Wei Xibi. The following year, under the planning of Wei Yang, Xiao Gong resumed his attack on Wei, hoping to control the vassal's eastward advance and become an emperor. In the same year, Wei Yang seduced Joan, the son of General Wei Jun, defeated Wei Jun, and forced Wang Weixian to offer part of Hexi land for peace. Xiao Gong was named Shang Yang because of Wei Yang's meritorious service (now Shangluo Town, southeast of Shang County, Shaanxi Province).
In 338 BC, he died in filial piety. When Qin Xiaogong was first established, he was saddened by the backwardness of Qin after Mu Gong. He can conform to the trend of the times, make good use of people and make bold reforms, making Qin the first of the seven heroes in the Warring States period.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many versatile literati appeared in Xu Wenchang. But like Xu Wenchang, he is unique in poetry, drama, calligraphy and painting, which has left a far-reaching influence on present and future generations, but it is also quite rare. Yuan Zhonglang honored his poems as the first in Ming Dynasty, and his plays were highly praised by Tang Xianzu. In painting, he is one of the most outstanding figures in the art history of China. Zheng Banqiao had great respect for Xu Wenchang and once carved a seal, calling himself "a running dog under the Ivy League". Old man Baishi, a master of modern art, also deeply admired him. However, Xu Wenchang's life was unfortunate. Although he has a strong ambition of fame and fortune and a desire to serve his country, he didn't even pass the exam. He was jailed for seven years for killing his wife crazily in middle age. In his later years, he made a living by selling calligraphy and painting and even books and clothes, and finally died in poverty. People love him very much, and many stories about Xu Wenchang are still circulating in Zhejiang. After more than 400 years, his former residence in Shaoxing, the Qingteng Bookstore, is still well preserved, maintaining a long-term memory of this literary artist with a civilian flavor.
Jie Jin (A.D. 1369- 14 15) was born on the seventh day of November in Hongwu, near Jianshui Lake (A.D. 1369 12.6). Grandfather Xie Ziyuan, a scholar in the fifth year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1345), was appointed as the imperial court of Fuzhou, moved to the school of Taishiyuan, and died in the war at the end of Yuan Dynasty. Father untied, Second Chief Wei Du, five pillars of islam. He gave the official political knowledge without worship at his father's funeral, and was given an official position in the early Ming Dynasty, but he was not subject to this. He devoted himself to writing, running schools and cultivating talents. Mother Gao Miaoying is not only virtuous and wise, but also knowledgeable about history, small letters and melody. Jie Jin grew up in such a family and received a good education from an early age. Legend has it that he was extremely clever since he was a child, and he passed on the words drawn by his mother in fading. At the age of 55, my father had to recite the books he taught. Seven years old can belong to the text, and there are old idioms in the poem; 10 years old, there are thousands of words pouring in every day, never forgetting; /kloc-When he was 0/2 years old, he read The Prisoner and The Five Classics to the best of his ability. In the twentieth year of Hongwu (A.D. 1387), he took the provincial examination in Jiangxi, ranking first (Xie Yuan); In the second year, he will try for the seventh time, and will join his brother Aaron and his brother-in-law. Elect Jishi Shu as the secretary of the middle school. When the Ming Dynasty became a ancestor, people went straight to Wenyuan Pavilion, joined the Hanlin Bachelor, participated in the maintenance, and later served as the right Chunfang University. At that time, the imperial edicts were all made by themselves.
Yang Shen (1488 ~ 1559), whose real name is Yongxiu, is the son of Yang Tinghe. He is recognized as one of the three great talents in Ming Dynasty, a writer in Ming Dynasty and a native of Xindu (now Sichuan). Smart as a teenager, he was able to write poems at the age of 65,438+065,438+0, and he planned to write Ancient Battlefield Literature at the age of 65,438+02, which surprised everyone. He went to Beijing to write the poem "Yellow Leaves", which was appreciated by Li Dongyang. In the sixth year of Zheng De's reign (15 1 1), palace examination won the first prize and was awarded the Imperial Academy. Yu Xiu's Records of Wu Zong is straightforward, and everything must be straight. Wu walked out of Juyongguan, unwilling to remonstrate. Sejong succeeded to the throne and served as an official at the banquet. In the third year of Jiajing (1524), many ministers were punished by imperial edicts against Sejong's will. Yang Shen was stationed in Yongchangwei, Yunnan Province for more than 30 years and died there.
Su Yang was a powerful minister in the Sui Dynasty. He is young, eager to learn, ambitious, and a classmate of Niu Hong (who later served as the official secretary of the Sui Dynasty). He is knowledgeable and accomplished in literature and calligraphy, but he is not valued. Only Yang Kuan, the left servant of his uncle Wei Shangshu, appreciates him. He boasted: "He is a great talent, and no one in the Yang family can match him."
In March of the seventh year of Tianhe (AD 572), Emperor Wu of Zhou took charge of state affairs by protecting his relatives, which implicated many people. Yang Sutuan was valued by protectors and neglected. At this point, Su Yang died with his father in Wang Shi, and was not pursued by the court, so he appealed to the court. Emperor Wu ignored him and he took the third watch. Emperor Wu was furious and ordered the killing of Su Yang. Su Yang said confidently, "I can't die." Hearing this, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was deeply impressed, admired his courage, pardoned him, posthumously awarded his father as a general, loyal and heroic, and gave him a ride as a general and a third division of ceremonies. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty also ordered Su to draft an imperial edict and write a chapter in gorgeous words. The emperor praised him and said, "Take care of yourself and don't worry about wealth." Su Yang replied, "I'm afraid that rich people will force me. I don't want to get rich! " Therefore, Emperor Wu trusted him more. Why did yangfu die nine months after he took power, while Su Yang kept silent until his patron Yuwen Hu was killed? In fact, Su Yang took pursuing his father's job to consolidate his family status as the capital to find a new backer. It was because he used to be a word protector that he aroused the anger of Emperor Wu. Su Yang, who is good at politics, came up with a stimulating technique to confuse God with powerful words, and it really worked. This not only consolidated the shadow of the family and father, but also gained high officials and high salaries, which was highly valued by the emperor.
Sun Quan was born in the fifth year of Guanghe (AD 182), proclaimed himself emperor in the first year of Huanglong (AD 229) and died in the first year of Kamikaze (AD 252). Sun Jian's second son, when he was young, followed his eldest brother Sun Ce to pacify Jiangdong. 15 years old, Sun Quan was promoted to filial piety, and Ren Yangxian (now Yixing City, Jiangsu Province) was a captain of Fengyi.
On the fourth day of April in the fifth year of Jian 'an (AD 200), Sun Ce was assassinated at the age of 26. Before he died, he said to Sun Quan, "Don't ask Zhang Zhao about internal affairs, and don't ask Zhou Yu about diplomacy." Then he said, "China is in chaos, and the husband is determined to see success or failure, and the public treats his brother. Take the people of Jiangdong, fight two decisive battles, and compete with the world. You are not as good as me. I am not as good as Qing. " Sun Quan succeeded to the throne as a rebel general and formally ruled Jiangdong area.
In the 13th year of Jian 'an (208), Sun Quan made a westward expedition, subdued Gan Ning, and besieged and destroyed Huang Zu. In July of the same year, Cao Cao, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, went south, and Liu Bei, the shepherd of Yuzhou, was defeated. After Cao Cao occupied Jingxiang, he wrote to Sun Quan, intending to take Soochow. Soochow is divided into two factions: the main war faction, headed by Lu Su, and the main peace faction, headed by Zhang Zhao. Zhang Zhao was very convincing at that time, but Sun Quan was interested in a war. At this time, Lu Su brought Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei's strategist from Jiangxia, indicating Liu Bei's determination to unite with Wu to resist Cao. Zhou Yu's timely return shows the disadvantages of surrendering to Cao Cao and indicates that the war is expected to win. Sun Quan made a decisive decision and took Zhou Yu as the commander-in-chief. He sent troops to Sanjiangkou to fight against Cao Cao, and suffered a heavy defeat. This is the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history.
After Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun Quan took refuge in Liu Bei and married his sister, Mrs Sun. Later, he lent Jingzhou to Liu Bei from Lu Su's plan. After Liu Bei succeeded in taking Sichuan, Sun Quan asked Liu Bei to return to Jingzhou, but Liu Bei refused. After one-on-one talks, Lu Su took back the three counties. After Sun Quan hit Hefei, he was defeated by Zhang Liao. In the 22nd year of Jian 'an (2 17), Wei and Wu fought in ruxu, but neither side could win. For example, after the empty mouth war, Sun Quan befriended Cao Cao, and signed the Wei-Wu secret alliance to * * * cut Guan Yu.
In the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Guan Yu attacked Fancheng, and Sun Quan appointed Lv Meng to take Jingzhou. Lv Meng took Jingzhou by "crossing the river in white" and captured Guan Yu alive in Linzhou. Sun Quan killed Guan Yu, gave his head to Cao Cao and named him Hou of Nanchang. In October of the first year of Yankang (220), Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor on behalf of Han Dynasty and changed to Huang Chu. In the second year of Huang Chu (22 1), Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor and immediately set out to attack Wu Dong, calling it revenge for Guan Yu, but actually for Jingzhou. Sun Quan decisively appointed Lu Xun, a 40-year-old general, as the viceroy to face Liu Bei. Lu Xun defeated Liu Bei in Yiling with the plan of "burning camp" In the year of Huang San (222), Sun Quan claimed to be the King of Wu, with Wuchang as his capital (now Ezhou City, Hubei Province) and Jianyuan Huang Wu (namely Huang Chu and Zhangwu). In the second year of Huang Wu (223), Liu Bei died in Baidicheng at the age of 63. Zhuge Liang sent Deng Zhi to cross the river for peace and prepare for the Northern Expedition. Sun Quan joined Shu Han and * * * to attack Cao Wei. In the third year of Huang Wu (224), Cao Pi led an army to attack Wu Dong. Sun Quan told Xu to make a fire to break the enemy, and seriously injured Cao Pi. In May of the fifth year of Huang Wu (226), Cao Pi died at the age of 40. Sun Quan took the opportunity to lead an army to attack Jiangxia, but because the satrap Wen Pin insisted, Sun Quan retreated. Huang Wu eight years (229), rising of sun, renamed Dawu, Yuan Huanglong. The Dongwu Dynasty was formally established, and then it moved its capital to Jianye (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). In the third year of Jiahe (234), Sun Quan responded to Zhuge Liang's last Northern Expedition and was defeated by Man Chong, the secretariat of Yangzhou. After rising of sun, he sent general Wei Wen and others to the Western Seas on a large scale to strengthen ties with Yizhou (now Taiwan Province Island), India, Southeast Asia and other countries. Also set up agricultural officials to open up wasteland; And set up counties in Shanyue area, which promoted the development of land in the south of the Yangtze River. But at the same time, Sun Quan, who proclaimed himself emperor, became increasingly arrogant and overbearing, exacting exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, and the punishment was cruel, and the people often rose up. Sun Quan also made a big mistake in establishing a prince. Prince Sun Deng died in Chiwu for four years (24 1) at the age of 33. In the 13th year of Chiwu (250 years), Sun Quan deposed the second prince and the third son Sun He, and granted the four sons and daughters the death penalty to King Lu. Finally, the seventh son Liang (the youngest son) was made a prince, and Sun Liang's mother Pan Shi was made a queen. This laid a curse for the change of dynasty after Wu Gong. In April of the first year of Kamikaze (252), Sun Quan died at the age of 7 1. The great emperor of posthumous title, whose temple name was Taizu, reigned for 24 years. Ruled southern China for 53 years, which lasted for half a century.
Fan Kuai was born in poverty and slaughtered dogs in his early years. He had a close relationship with Liu Bang and once hid in Mangdang Mountain (now northeast of Yongcheng, Henan Province) with Liu Bang. With Xiao He and together, * * * put on the ring of the qin dynasty. When Liu Bang became Pei Gong, he made Fan Kuai his adjutant. Following Liu Bang, he first attacked Hu Ling and Yu Fang, defeated the army of Lishui County Governor and Chief in Fengxian County, and then pacified Peixian County. In the battle between Qidong and Sima Ling, he performed heroically, beheaded fifteen heads, repelled the enemy, and was named a national doctor. When resisting Zhang Han's army, Fan Kuai took the lead in boarding the city, beheaded 23 people and was made a doctor. Since then, he often followed Liu Bang's expedition and made great achievements. Siege Yang,, broken Li You (son of Reese) army, * * * beheaded 16, was given a title. In the battle of besieging the viceroy of Dongjun County, he defeated the enemy, beheaded 14 people and captured 1 1 people, and was awarded the title of five viceroy. Later, he defeated Qin He defenders, Zhao Ben, Yang Xiong and other troops. He took the lead for many times, captured the beheading and made meritorious deeds, and was named Cheng Jun of Qing and Xi 'an. After doing more, the income will be sealed. When Fan Kuai attacked Wuguan and took the overlord, he led the army to slay a surname, with ten heads, captured 140 people, and fell by 2,900.
Left word
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Lujiang (now Anhui) was born, and the word was released. An alchemist. Legend has it that Cao Cao once gave a banquet. Cao Cao asked for Songjiang perch, and he caught it with a copper plate. I tried to fucking kill it, but I tried to escape. After entering Wu Dong, he paid tribute to Sun Quan. According to legend, he is proficient in Taoism. He used to be a teacher of Ge Xuan, and once taught Tai Ming Jing. He was a Taoist of Dante's Taoist School in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Han Xin was familiar with the art of war and said that "the more the better". Han Xin, as a tactician, left many tactical allusions for later generations: building a plank road in the Ming Dynasty, crossing Chencang in secret, setting doubts in the Jin Dynasty, smuggling in xia yang, crossing the army by wooden merchants, backing the water, changing the flag and changing the direction. As a result, Shen Sha decided to cross the water and attack halfway, besieged on all sides and ambushed on all sides. His military tactics have been highly praised by military strategists of past dynasties. As a strategist, Han Xin is the most outstanding general after Sun Wu and Bai Qi. His greatest feature is his flexible use of troops. He is the most skillful general in the history of China War. The battles of Jingxing and Weishui commanded by him are masterpieces in the history of war. As a strategist, his remarks when he met the generals became the fundamental strategy for the victory of the Chu-Han War. As a commander-in-chief, he led the army out of Chencang, decided on the Three Qin Dynasties, attacked Wei, destroyed the generation, destroyed Zhao, lowered Yan, and cut Qi until the Chu army was destroyed, without any defeat, and the world dared not compete with it; As a military theorist, he and Sean compiled military books and wrote three articles about Sun Tzu's Art of War.
Han Xin, a commoner, has an informal sex life. He was not elected as an official, and he could not make a living in business. He often depends on others for a living, and many people hate him. After his mother died, Han Xin was too poor to pay for the funeral. However, he is looking for a high and spacious cemetery so that 10 thousand people can live peacefully around it.
At that time, Huaiyin went to the countryside to meet Han Xin, an unusual person, and invited him as a public guest, but he was not accepted by his wife. "Believe when you eat, not for food." Han Xin angrily left, "fishing at the gate", but not enough to eat. A floating mother saw that Han Xin was hungry, so she brought him dozens of days' food. Han Xin was grateful for that day: "I will repay my mother". The floating mother was very angry when she heard this. "A gentleman can't feed himself. I eat because I mourn my grandson. What do you expect? " I am deeply ashamed to hear this.
There was a young man among the butchers in Huaicheng who wanted to insult Han Xin and said, "Although I grew up, I was good at wearing swords, but I was afraid of my ears." ("The Biography of Han Xin in the Later Han Dynasty") and publicly insulted him: "If you can die, stab me; No, get out of your pants. " (The Biography of Han Han Xin) Han Xin stared at each other for a long time, bent down slowly and climbed out of the factory from under his crotch. People in the street laughed at Han Xin and thought he was a coward.
After Chen Sheng and Guangwu Uprising, Xiang Liang also crossed the Huaihe River northward. At this time, Han Xin went to Xiang Liang with his sword and stayed in the army, unknown. After Xiang Liang's defeat, he returned to Xiang Yu, who made him a doctor. Han Xin made many suggestions to Xiang Yu, but Xiang Yu refused to accept them. After Liu Bang entered Shu, Han Xin left Chu and returned to Korea. At that time, he was still an unknown small official in charge of the warehouse. Later, Han Xin sat down and beheaded. Thirteen people in the same case have been beheaded, and it will be Han Xin's turn soon. Han Xin looked up at Teng Gong Xia Houying and said, "If you don't want it, the world will be fine." What is a strong man! "("Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou ") Xia Houying felt that this man's words were extraordinary. Seeing that he looked terrible, I let him go, talked with him, admired him, and advised Hanwang. Hanwang granted Han Xin the position of being in charge of expenses, but found nothing unusual about him.
Han Xin talked to Xiao He many times, and Xiao He appreciated him very much. Liu Bang was named Hanwang by Xiang Yu (in fact, he was pushed out to Hanzhong). From Chang 'an to Nanzheng, dozens of generals fled. Han Xin estimated that Xiao He and others had recommended themselves many times in front of Liu Bang, but Hanwang didn't want them and ran away. Xiao He heard that Han Xin had escaped and had no time to report to Liu Bang, so he went after Han Xin. Someone in the army reported to Hanwang that "the Prime Minister died." (Biography of Historical Records of Huaiyin Hou) Liu Bang was furious and lost his right hand. A day or two later, Xiao He came to see him. Angry and happy, Liu Bang scolded Xiao He for running away. Xiao He said that he didn't dare to run away, but just went after Han Xin who had run away. Liu bang also scolded that "all deaths are counted in units of ten, and there is nothing for the public to pursue;" Chasing letters and cheating. Xiao He said, "You will hear it easily." If you believe, no one can be like you. Wang Hui wants to grow up, so what is there to believe? People who want to conquer the world don't believe that there is nothing they can do. Gu decided. "("Historical Records Biography of Huaiyin Hou ") Liu Bang said that he would also develop eastward. He didn't want to live in Hanzhong, but he must take the world. Xiao He said, "Wang Ji will want to travel eastward. He can use his letter and keep it. If you can't use it, the letter will eventually die. " (Biography of Historical Records of Huaiyin Hou) Liu Bang agreed to make Han Xin a general for Xiao He's sake, but Xiao He insisted on reusing him. Liu bang said that he could be a general. So Liu wanted to call Han Xin and appoint him. Xiao He said, "Wang Su is slow and rude. Today, he worships the general like a child's ear. That's why he went. The king will want to worship it, choose a good day, fast, set up an altar, be polite and admirable. " (Biography of Historical Records of Huaiyin Hou) Liu Bang agreed to Xiao He's request.
The generals were all very happy when they heard about it. Everyone thinks they have a chance to be elected to worship the general. When the general was worshipped, it was Han Xin who surprised the whole army.
After Han Xin's visit, Liu asked Han Xin, What is the best way to defend our country? Han Xin asked, "Isn't it Xiang Yu who is competing with you eastward for the world? The king himself estimated that he was superior to Xiang Yu in bravery, tenacity and sophistication. " Liu Bang was silent for a long time, feeling that he was not as good as Wang Xiang. Han Xin bowed again in agreement and said, "Not only your Majesty, but even I think you are inferior to Wang Xiang. But I used to serve Wang Xiang. Please let me talk about Wang Xiang's character. When Wang Xiang flies into a rage, thousands of people will feel scared and weak, but he will not let go of appointing a wise general, which is just everyone's courage. Xiang Wang treats people with respect and kindness, and his language is gentle. Life is sick, sympathize with tears, and give them their own food and drink. But when his subordinates should be knighted for meritorious service, he will not give it to others even if he polishes the edges and corners of the official seal. This is a woman's nature. Although Wang Xiang dominated the world and made the vassals submit, he did not live in Guanzhong, but in Pengcheng, which violated the agreement of the righteous emperor and made his cronies and people he liked king. The princes were indignant at this. When the princes saw that Xiang Wang had expelled Yi Di from the south of the Yangtze River, they all went back to expel the original king and stood on their own two feet. Everywhere Xiang Yu's army went, it was ravaged and destroyed, so everyone held a grudge against him, and the people only reluctantly gave in under his arrogance. Although nominally the master of the world, but in essence has lost the hearts of the people, so the strength will soon weaken! Now, if the king can do the opposite and appoint the brave in the world, why worry that the enemy will not be destroyed! Give all the land in the world to the heroes, why worry that they will not submit! Lead a warrior who wants to go home, why worry about the enemy! In addition, Zhang Han, Dong Kun and Sima Xin, the king of Sanqin, were all generals of Qin and led his disciples for several years. Countless people died and fled, deceiving their generals to surrender to Xiang Yu. In Xin 'an, Xiang Yu cheated more than 200,000 people who died in the State of Qin. Except Zhang Han, Dong Kun and Sima Xin, all of them were hated by Qin people. Now Xiang Yu has made these three kings with great military strength, but the people of Qin don't support them. After entering Wuguan, he made no mistakes, abolished the harsh laws of Qin State and made three chapters with Qin people. Qin people all want to support you to be the king of Guanzhong. According to the agreement of the governors, Guanzhong should be king, and all the people in Guanzhong know it. But the king lost his due title and was arranged to be king in Hanzhong. All the people in Qin hated Wang Xiang. Now the king has set out to attack the territory of Dongsanqin, and he can be subdued at the command.
Liu bang was overjoyed and thought he was late. Han Xin's bidding, deployment will be ready to attack. Han Xin's remarks were actually to prepare for Liu Bang's crusade to seize the world.
In August of the first year of Han Dynasty (206 BC), Liu Bang, who was named as Hanwang, took advantage of Xiang Yu's attack on Tian Rongzhi in Tiqi (now most of Shandong Province) and made up his mind that Nanzheng (the capital of Han Dynasty, now east of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province) would attack and capture Guanzhong (referring to the area west of Hanguguan), and the Chu-Han War broke out. With Han Xin as the general and Cao Can and Fan Kuai as pioneers, Liu Bang used plank roads (also known as "pavilion roads", "complex roads" and "overlapping pavilions") in Qinling Mountains. In ancient times, it was an important traffic artery in southwest China to dig holes and build bridges on steep cliffs in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Yunnan provinces. Burned by the Han army, the king of Sanqin relaxed his paralysis, so he took the plan of building a plank road and secretly crossing their positions, and sent Fan Kuai and Zhou Bo to lead more than 10,000 troops to build the plank road with great fanfare, which attracted the attention of the king of Sanqin, and led his army to slip out of the old road and cross the plank road. Zhang Han rushed to rescue Chencang from the abandoned hill (Yongdu, now southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi) and was defeated by the Han army. Fled to the abandoned hill and Artemisia branch (now east of Ganxian County, Shaanxi Province), the Han army pursued separately, defeated Yong army again in the east (now southeast of Shaanxi Wugong) and Artemisia branch, and surrounded the remnants of Zhang Han in the abandoned hill. After that, they fought continuously, divided their forces slightly, quickly occupied most parts of Guanzhong, pacified the land of Sanqin, and won the first battle of Chu.
In the second year of the Han Dynasty (the first 205 years), Hanwang led his troops out of the customs, and successively conquered Wei, Shenyang, Zhengchang and Sima Yin. Join forces with Qi Wang Tian Rong and Zhao Wang Xie to attack the State of Chu. From April to Pengcheng, the Han army was defeated and returned. Han Xin recovered the defeated army, joined forces with Hanwang in Xingyang, stopped Chu's pursuers, and defeated Chu's army between Beijing and Suo, which enabled the Han army to rally.
When Hanwang defeated Pengcheng, Sima Xin, the King of Sai, and Dong Kuang, the King of Zhai, rebelled and surrendered to Chu, as did Xie, the King of Qi and the King of Zhao. In June, after Wei returned to China on the grounds of visiting his mother, he blocked the river, cut off the retreat of the Han army, and rose up against Han and Chu. Hanwang sent Li Sheng to persuade Wei Bao. In August, Han Xin was appointed Prime Minister Zuo and led his troops to attack Wei. Wang Wei put heavy troops in Puban and blocked the river pass (the Yellow River Ferry was renamed Pujinguan after entering Jinguan). Han Xin deliberately set up more suspicious soldiers, displaying ships to cross the river for a pretence, while the ambush crossed the river from xia yang in wooden pots and barrels instead of boats, attacking Anyi, the capital of Wei. Wei was frightened and led his troops to meet Han Xin. Han Xin swept the board, captured Wei, pacified Wei, and changed Wei to Hedong County.
Liu Bang adopted Han Xin's suggestion, "Yan Zhao in the north, Qi in the east, Chu route for providing foodstuff in the south, and Chu Wang in Xingyang in the west" (The Biography of Han Han Xin). He insisted on fighting Chu head-on, and at the same time sent thirty thousand more troops to Han Xin, and ordered him to lead the army eastward and open up the northern battlefield. Hanwang sent Zhang Er and Han Xin to attack the prince of Zhao in the east and Chen Yu in the north, and captured Xia Xiang alive, saying that he was broken. In other words, Liu Bangjun, who fought against Chu in Xingyang, supported frontal battlefield operations with the captured elite soldiers as a supplement.
Han Xin and his tens of thousands of soldiers wanted to attack Zhao at Jingxingkou of Taihang Mountain. Cheng, Cheng, Cheng, Cheng fought the Han army at Jingxingkou. Guangwu Jun said, "Han Xin crossed the Xihe River, captured Wang Wei, captured Xia, and fought a bloody battle. Now that Zhang Er has joined us, the army is unstoppable. However, I heard that:' grain is transported thousands of miles, and foot soldiers are in danger of starvation; Don't chop wood and cook before dinner, the army won't have enough to eat! At this Jingxingkou, cars can't parallel and cavalry can't line up. If they March hundreds of miles, their food and grass will fall behind. I hope you can temporarily call me 30 thousand Indiana Jones, and I will cut off the trench of the Han army. You dig deep into the camp trench and raise the barracks wall. Before the Han army could not fight and retreat, my troops cut off the back road of the Han army, and there was no food to plunder in the wild. Within ten days, the heads of Han Xin and Zhang Er will be hung under your banner. I hope you can consider adopting my strategy, otherwise they will catch you. "
Scholars and Cheng think that the teacher of justice does not need intrigue, so he opposes saying: "Sun Tzu's art of war is ten times as great as the enemy's encirclement and twice as great as the enemy's engagement. Although Han Xin claimed to be tens of thousands of people, he actually came all the way to attack us. The soldiers were very tired, but we avoided fighting. If a more powerful enemy comes, how will we deal with it? The princes will definitely think that we are timid and will attack us easily. " Finally didn't listen to Li Zuoche's plan.