The horn is rectangular and conical, with a length of 25 ~ 40 cm. The whole body is slightly arched and arc-shaped, with smooth surface but fine longitudinal stripes. The whole body is smooth as jade, white or yellowish white, with bloodshot and blood spots under perspective, and the base is slightly bluish gray. There are vertical fine lines on the whole corner, except for the tip, there are 10 ~ 20 raised ring ridges, which are very comfortable to hold by hand. The base of the horn is round, and there is a bone plug called "antelope plug", which accounts for about half or one third of the total length. The bone plug is hard and heavy, and its cross section is toothed around and close to the outer stratum corneum. All corners except the bone plug are translucent, and there is a flat triangular hole in the center of the part without the bone plug in the perspective angle of light, which goes straight to the tip, commonly known as "Eye of the Sky" (or "Tian Chong's Eye").
This is a striking feature of antelope horn. Strong, not easily broken. No breath, light taste.
Corned meat is full, moist, shiny, tender and smooth, without cracks and bright red blood spots (called live antelope).
[utility]
[Taste] Salty and cool.
Antelope horn [function] clears away heat and spasms, calms the liver and calms the wind, detoxifies and reduces swelling.
Indications: high fever, delirium, delirium, convulsion, red eyes, swelling and pain.
[Dosage] 1g ~ 5g.
【 Taboo 】 It is not suitable for those who have no heat in the liver meridian.
[attention]
1. The commercial antelope horn has different specifications due to different ages: (1) The large branch antelope horn is about 15 ~ 25 cm long and its base diameter is about 3 cm; ⑵ The antelope horn of branchlets is about 9 ~ 15cm long and its base diameter is about1~ 2 cm; (3) The big-headed ghost (purple antelope) is the horn of the young antelope; (4) Old chopping wood (also known as mountain products) is a dead corner left in the mountains by the antelope after its death, with different sizes.
2. There are many kinds of antelope horn in the market, and their protozoa are also different. According to the literature, besides Saiga antelope, there are several kinds of antelopes, such as Tibetan antelope, impala (Naemorhedus oral goral) and gazelle (Gazella subguttarosa). It is generally believed that the real antelope horn should be the horn of Saiga antelope.
3. The domestic production of antelope horn is very small, mostly imported, and the price is relatively high. It was found that the horns of other animals were used, and all the similar shapes were fake. At present, it is difficult to identify primitive animals. The following points are put forward:
An antelope-like horn, which is similar in overall shape to antelope horn, but slightly S-shaped at the bend; There are many longitudinal cracks on the surface, including 17 ~ 20 wheel lines, closely spaced, flat on one side, not connected in a circle; All grayish brown to brownish black, opaque, no eye; The base is oval, with a porous bone bolt in the middle, and the edge of the bone bolt is not serrated and smooth. One is made from the horns of other animals through processing, scraping and imitation. Different in length and size, the overall shape is similar to that of antelope horn, but the lower part is straight and the upper part is bent to one side (the original product is slightly arched). Careful observation of the surface shows cutting marks, and the wheel tread is extremely obvious (15 ~ 17 wheel tread is long, and only 1 ~ 2 wheel seam is small), and the tip is smooth and slender without obvious wheel tread (genuine). All yellow-brown, slightly transparent at the upper end, and no "eye of the sky" in perspective; The base is round, the outer edge of the bone plug is smooth and toothless, and it is solid and non-porous.
Antelope horn may not have medicinal value, but the medicinal value of Tibetan antelope horn is very high!
Tibetan antelope horn has high medicinal value. It is a valuable medicine for treating goiter, gastritis and chronic diarrhea, and also a specific medicine for inducing labor. Tibetan antelope horn has been used in Tibetan medicine for a long time, and it has been recorded in four medical codes (Tibetan name "Ju Xi" 812 AD). For centuries, Tibetan antelope horn has been valued and utilized in traditional medicine. Tibetan ancient books list the different curative effects of Tibetan antelope horn: it can treat diarrhea, promote fertility, treat ulcers, control the proliferation of certain glands, and also treat irregular menstruation and kidney blood diseases in women.
Due to the scarcity of Saiga antelope horn, it is necessary to find a medicinal material with similar curative effect to Saiga antelope horn. Tibetan antelope and Saiga antelope belong to different genera of Bovidae, and they are biologically hierarchical. In order to expand the source of Saiga antelope horn and explore whether Tibetan antelope horn can be used as medicine equally with antelope horn, it is necessary to compare the differences in chemical composition between them. The results of many experiments show that some main chemical components of antelope horn and Tibetan antelope horn, such as protein, such as cholesterol, phospholipids, fatty acids and glycerides, are basically the same. Except serine and glycine, the content of other 13 amino acids is higher than that of antelope horn. As far as trace elements are concerned, the horn of Tibetan antelope is also higher than that of antelope horn. The experiment also proved that the extract of Tibetan antelope horn has sedative, analgesic, antipyretic and hypotensive effects on experimental animals. These effects are similar to those reported in the literature. Tibetan antelope horn has no obvious effect on ECG and has little toxicity. The preliminary experimental results show that Tibetan antelope horn can be developed and utilized as a new medicinal resource. Whether Tibetan antelope horn can be used as a substitute for antelope horn in medicine needs further study.