The so-called cold-water fish refers to fish that breed and grow in cold water. These fish are often native to high latitudes or live in high-altitude mountains and streams. Their most notable feature is their strong low temperature resistance. In addition, they can't tolerate low dissolved oxygen and have high requirements for the culture environment. However, cold-water fish is delicious, tender and has little fishy smell, and most of them are high-grade edible fish, which meets the requirements of people's high-quality life and has great development and breeding prospects.
At present, there are many artificially raised cold-water fish in China, mainly salmon and trout, about 16 species, among which rainbow trout is the most mature in culture technology. In addition, there are some sub-cold water fishes, such as barracuda and sturgeon, which have relatively low requirements for water temperature and quality.
Here, I think the following three varieties have great breeding prospects for your reference.
First, rainbow trout
Rainbow trout is a very popular high-grade edible fish with tender meat and delicious taste. At present, artificial breeding has been carried out in more than 0/00 countries all over the world, and the breeding technology is relatively mature.
Although rainbow trout is a carnivorous fish, it has low requirements on feed and can be fed with compound feed. Rainbow trout has high requirements on the culture environment, so it is necessary to use cement pond or stone pond for running water culture, which requires low water temperature, good water quality, high transparency, less suspended solids, suitable pH value and pH value of 6.5 ~ 8. If the water quality is good, rainbow trout can also be cultured in cages in seawater after domestication.
Second, the white-spotted pike
White-spotted pike is tender and delicious, belonging to high-quality and high-grade fish. In addition to eating, pike has certain ornamental value.
In the past, the white spotted pike caught a large amount in Xinjiang, which was the object of common edible fish and even fish ponds. However, in recent years, due to the sharp decline of wild resources and a large number of exports, the price of white-spotted pike has been rising, becoming a popular freshwater aquaculture object in Xinjiang and gradually spreading to the whole country.
The adaptability of white spotted pike is stronger than salmon and trout, so the requirements for farm land are lower. Even compared with the four big fish, the culture technology is not particularly complicated. However, pike is a cold-water fish, which needs a fresh water environment with good water quality, low water temperature and high dissolved oxygen. In addition, the white-spotted pike has high requirements for feed and must be fed with live fish, which leads to high breeding cost of white-spotted pike.
Three. Hucho
Hucho taiwanese, also known as Hucho taiwanese, belongs to the genus Hucho taiwanese. It is found in Heilongjiang, Tumen and Irtysh rivers in the northeast of China, and distributed in Russia and Mongolia abroad.
Hucho taimen lives in cold mountain rivers (the highest water temperature does not exceed 20℃), often lurks in shaded water, and often swims from deep water to shallow water before sunrise and after sunset to prey. Hucho is a huge and fierce fish. In addition to preying on fish and frogs, it also spared snakes and waterfowl that moved in the water. It is very gluttonous and can hunt all year round, but when the water temperature is slightly higher in summer, its appetite is even worse. Before it freezes every year, Hucho will enter the deep water for the winter. After the river is opened in spring, it is required that the reproductive water temperature should be 5 ~ 10℃ and the number of pregnant eggs of female fish should be 5000 ~ 10000.
Hucho taiwanese is a kind of rare fish, with good body color, large size (up to 70kg, more than 2m in length), fast growth and delicious meat (red). Now, Hucho taimen has been developed and cultured, but the number is small.