First, variety selection
Asparagus varieties should be selected with high yield, high quality and strong disease resistance, such as Grande, Li Dabao, Apollo and Lubaoli.
Second, seedling raising and transplanting
1, seedling raising
Before sowing, dry the seeds for 2 days, then rinse with clear water to remove the seeds that are not full and moth-eaten, soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim or 500 times chlorothalonil for 24 hours, then soak them in warm water with a temperature of 30-35 degrees for 2-3 days, take them out and cover them with a wet towel to accelerate germination, and sow when 10% of the seeds become white.
Nursery seedlings can be cultivated in nutrient pots with nutrient soil or substrate. When seedlings grow more than three aboveground stems in 40 days, they can be transplanted.
2. Soil preparation and fertilization
Before transplanting, apply 3000 ~ 4000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
Dig the soil more than 30cm to make a ridge with a height of 15~25cm. The distance between two ridges should be1.5 ~1.7m. ..
3. Transplanting and planting
After the seedlings are watered, plant them in each border 1 row, with the plant spacing of 25~30cm. Water after planting, check the seedlings in time and make up for the shortage.
Third, on-site management
1, water management
After planting in the field for 4-6 days, water the seedlings slowly, and water them in time according to the soil moisture in the later period. After irrigation, strengthen ventilation, reduce humidity and prevent diseases. Drainage in time in rainy days.
2. Rational fertilization
It is suggested that asparagus should be fertilized by soil testing formula, and after planting for one month,10 kg; Use ternary compound fertilizer per mu; In June, 5438+10, lettuce was applied with germination accelerating fertilizer before being covered with plastic film, and organic fertilizer 1000kg and ternary compound fertilizer 15~20kg were applied per mu.
2. In March, promote the germination of scale buds and the growth of tender stems, and apply decomposed organic fertilizer 1000kg, 20kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu of ditch; During the harvest period, topdressing urea 15 kg per mu every 30 days.
3. Plant regulation
Lettuce should be picked in time to prevent lodging caused by overgrowth of plants. If necessary, it can be fixed with rope or iron wire to prevent lodging.
4. Clear the garden and cover the film in time.
Clear the garden in time in winter, thoroughly remove dead leaves and weeds, take it out of the garden and bury it or burn it, and cover it with plastic film in June+10/October, 5438.
5. Temperature and humidity control
The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled within the range of 20-25 degrees during the day and 10- 15 degrees at night.
When the greenhouse temperature exceeds 30 degrees, it is necessary to uncover the film on the leeward side of the greenhouse for ventilation, and cover it with film at 4 pm for insulation. When the weather is cold, it is necessary to postpone uncovering the film in the morning and cover it early in the afternoon to ensure the proper temperature in the greenhouse.
Fourth, scientific harvesting.
The harvest of asparagus in winter and spring is scheduled before 9 am every day. When the young stems on the ground grow to 25 ~ 35 cm high, harvest them with a bamboo shoot cutter 2 cm below the soil surface. In spring, the shoots of adult plants are harvested for 40 days, and relay fertilizer should be supplemented during the harvesting period, and harvesting should be stopped around mid-August.
Lettuce should be precooled in cold storage for 2-3 degrees in time after harvesting, so as to reduce its respiration and prolong its shelf life, and should be packaged and sold in stages according to market demand in time.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) integrated pest control
1, stem blight
Through seed disinfection, timely garden cleaning, harvesting with mother stems, pruning and topping, water and fertilizer management, plant resistance can be enhanced and diseases can be prevented. When changing the head in autumn, spray 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times for prevention and control.
2. Brown spot disease
Spraying 75% chlorothalonil 600~800 times solution and 50% carbendazim 500~600 times solution for control.
3. Root rot
Found that the diseased plants should be dug up in time, and the surrounding soil should be disinfected; Irrigation with 500-600 times of 50% carbendazim or 500-600 times of 70% thiophanate methyl.
4. Spodoptera litura
At the peak of the second instar, the larvae were sprayed with 25% beta-cypermethrin 1500 times solution or diflubenzuron 1000 times solution in the evening.
5. Aphids
Trap and kill with yellow board, or control with 80% ethylidene pymetrozine 4000 times solution.
6, thrips
Hanging a blue board with thrips pheromone in the shed for control; Control with 2.5% chlorhexidine EC 1500 times solution or 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC 2000 times solution.