Relevant safety laws and regulations shall be included; Safety measures taken in view of the dangers and harmful factors existing in the operation process; Use of labor protection articles and safety measures; Knowledge of accident emergency treatment, rescue and self-help; Lessons learned from related accidents.
2. Formulate safety emergency plans or safety measures, including contact signals agreed by guardians and operators, escape routes and rescue methods of operators in case of emergency, life-saving facilities and fire-fighting equipment that should be equipped at the site, etc.
On-site operators should be familiar with the contents of the emergency plan and be equipped with a certain number of emergency rescue equipment, such as air respirator, gas supply protective mask, lifeline, fire fighting equipment, etc. , should be installed outside the confined space. Make sure there are no obstacles inside and outside the entrance and exit, which is convenient for access, rescue and evacuation.
3. When the situation of the confined space changes, the operators should immediately leave the site, set up a warning sign of "No Entry" at the entrance, and close the entrance of the confined space to prevent mistaken entry. After handling, you need to re-apply for a permit to enter.
4, ventilation measures, natural ventilation and forced ventilation can be used, before the pipeline air supply, the wind source should be analyzed and confirmed, and it is forbidden to inject oxygen into it. Workers should not work too long every time they enter a confined space, and should take turns to work or rest.
5. In a closed space with rotating parts such as agitator, the power supply should be cut off after shutdown, and a warning sign "No switching on when someone is working" should be hung on the switch, and a special person should be appointed for supervision if necessary.
6. When working in a confined space, safe voltage and safety lights should be used. Working in metal containers and non-metal containers in particularly humid and narrow workplaces, the lighting voltage is not greater than12 V.
When working in wet environment, the operator should stand on the insulation board to ensure the reliable grounding of the metal container. When the power voltage is greater than 12 V, the leakage protector should be installed as required, and it is forbidden to bring its junction box into the container for use.
7. When the working environment is full of flammable and explosive gases, liquids and other media, explosion-proof flashlights or explosion-proof safety traveling lamps with voltage not greater than 12 V shall be used, and the traveling lamp transformer shall not be placed in or on the container; Wear anti-static clothing, use explosion-proof tools, and do not carry other non-explosion-proof equipment such as mobile phones.
8. Within 30 minutes before the operation, the contents of toxic and harmful gases, combustible gases and oxygen in the confined space should be checked according to the process conditions of the equipment in the confined space, and they can enter the confined space only after passing the test and analysis. The operation interruption time exceeds 1 hour, and the detection and analysis should be carried out again.
The gas concentration detection instrument must be calibrated within the validity period and should be in normal working condition before use.
9. When the volume of the confined space is large, samples should be taken from the upper, middle and lower parts of the confined space for detection and analysis, so as to ensure that the combustible gas concentration and oxygen content in any part of the confined space are qualified (toxic and harmful substances shall not exceed the national "maximum allowable concentration of toxic substances in the air of workplace" index; The temperature of the confined space should be around normal temperature. If 1 monitoring results are unqualified, the operation shall be stopped immediately.
10. Operators should wear portable gas concentration alarm when entering confined space, and monitor it regularly during operation, at least once every 2 hours. If the monitoring and analysis results change obviously, the monitoring frequency should be increased.
Continuous monitoring should be carried out for confined spaces that may release harmful substances. When the gas concentration alarm device gives an alarm, it should immediately stop the operation and evacuate people to deal with the scene. Only after the analysis is qualified can the operation be resumed.
1 1. Before operation, the equipment container that has been filled with autogenous polymer should be treated by cooking, replacement and polymer heating.
12. When working in a confined space, it is forbidden to use cranes, cranes, etc. Transport workers; Tools and materials carried by operators must be registered, and personnel, articles and tools irrelevant to the operation are prohibited from entering the confined space.
13. Under special circumstances, the operator can wear a gas supply mask and a air respirator, and if necessary, he should wear a lifeline. When using the gas supply mask, special personnel must be arranged to monitor the gas supply equipment.
14. When working in a confined space, warning signs should be posted on the operation platform of relevant processes, and it is strictly forbidden to carry out various debugging, pressure testing or tests related to confined space at the same time.
Extended data:
In order to standardize the operation behavior of workers in confined space, ensure the life safety of workers in confined space and the safety of equipment and property of the company, and create a cultural atmosphere of safe operation of the company, this operating procedure is specially formulated.
Confined space refers to tunnels, sewers, ditches, pits, wells, ponds, culverts, valve rooms, sewage treatment facilities and other closed and semi-closed facilities and places (cabins, underground concealed works, airtight). All kinds of equipment in the factory (furnace, tower, kettle, tank, tank (kimchi), tank car, pipeline, flue, etc.). ) and poorly ventilated cities (including factories) mines should also be regarded as confined spaces.
In a word, all the equipment, facilities and places that are poorly ventilated and easy to cause the accumulation of toxic and harmful gases and lack of oxygen are called confined spaces (confined spaces), and operations in confined spaces are called confined space operations.
Confined space operations involve a wide range of fields and industries, with complex working environment and many dangerous and harmful factors, which are prone to safety accidents and cause serious consequences; It is difficult for workers in distress to rescue, and blind rescue or improper rescue methods are easy to cause casualties. ?
Working in a confined space is not only dangerous, but also prone to accidents and the seriousness of their consequences. It is necessary to fully understand the importance and necessity of strengthening the safety management of confined space operations, and implement various safeguard measures to avoid accidents. The safety management of confined space operations should follow the following ten principles.
1. Scheme Principle All operations in a confined space, regardless of size, need to make a scheme. Before making a plan, we must organize personnel to identify the risk factors here and put forward corresponding countermeasures. The simplicity of the scheme depends on the specific operation content, which includes operation scheme and safety prevention and control scheme. The plan should be sent to operators and supervisors, and it must be clear.
2. Training principle: Conduct daily or pre-operation training for operators, supervisors and guardians in confined spaces. The training content must include hazard identification, safety protection, emergency treatment and related operating principles. The risks of confined space operation generally include poisoning, suffocation, fire, explosion, mechanical injury, electric shock, breaking or disassembling equipment, blind rescue, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to talk about all the details in the training of personnel, and personnel should have corresponding requirements.
3. The principle of emergency response. Relevant personnel working in confined space should also participate in simulation drills of emergency response after they have corresponding emergency response capabilities, so as to exercise their practical operation and flexibility.
4. Operation ticket principle: When the scheme is available, the personnel are in place, the technical disclosure is clear, and all operating conditions are met, the corresponding safety management personnel will issue the operation ticket after arriving at the site for confirmation. Once the operation is started, all relevant personnel must sign the operation ticket for approval, the formulation of the operation ticket must be standardized, and the contents and risk prevention measures must be clearly in place.
5. The principle of suspension of handover When the post operation is suspended due to the change of workers, or the connection or cooperation with other types of work, technical disclosure between personnel must be carried out, the process inspection should be carried out again, the monitoring analysis should be carried out again, and the operation ticket should be signed again.
6. The principle of supervision and guardianship should run through. Supervision and inspection are needed during operation and before and after treatment. Supervision and guardianship must be in place and must not leave the scene. Keep a certain distance from the operator when supervising and monitoring. Agree on contact signals or gestures and contact them regularly.
7. Marking Principle Clear warning signs should be hung at the control points of workplaces in confined spaces, pipelines, passages, air ducts or crossover workplaces connected with confined spaces, and the valves should be controlled at the same time. The operation site should be marked next to the warning sign, especially when the operation point and the control point are not in the same place, so as to prevent other personnel from operating without seeing the construction and causing accidents.
8. Protection principles Operators and supervisors must correctly select, check and wear labor protection articles or alarm instruments, and shall not omit or use invalid protection articles. In the process of selection, inspection and wearing, they must check each other until they are qualified.
9. Inspection and handling principles Check and handle before operation, and check whether the process pipeline connected with confined space operation is effectively blind, isolated and removed. Check whether the access to confined space is clear.
Check that the warning signs are in place correctly. Check whether emergency facilities and articles are in place. Check and handle after operation, and check whether the operation point meets the technical requirements of operation. Check whether there are lost tools, sundries or dismantled objects on the job site.
10. monitoring and analysis principle: toxic and harmful substances and oxygen content in confined space operations must be monitored and analyzed. For example, in the process of operation, internal conditions change at any time and after the operation is terminated, monitoring and analysis must be carried out regularly or again, and the data results should be conveyed to safety management personnel in time. Safety management personnel shall judge, analyze and handle the confined space procedures on site according to the technical specifications.
Baidu Encyclopedia _ Safety Operation Procedures for Limited Space Operation
Shaodong County Safety Supervision Bureau _ "Ten Principles" for Safe Production in Confined Space