He was imprisoned three times, and once a plane fell, but he didn't lose his life. The miracle he created amazed people. He is a legend and a dreamer.
Brief introduction of mou incident
1June, 940 19, Mou was born in Wanxian County, Chongqing.
1959, 19 years old, he failed in the college entrance examination, rushed to Wuhan Zhongnan Industrial Architecture Design Institute, participated in the enrollment of junior college students in the spring, and succeeded, but was forced to drop out of school because of the household registration problem.
1960, became a boiler worker in Wanxian Glass Factory at the age of 20.
1975, at the age of 35, was arrested and imprisoned for writing the book where is China going? And made inappropriate remarks and was sentenced to death.
1979 1 February 3, 20081day, 39-year-old Mou was released from prison and was acquitted.
1980, established Wanxian Jiangbei Trade Trust Service Department at the age of 40.
1982 65438+February, aged 42, founded Wanxian Zhongde Store.
1983 09 17 In September, he was arrested at the age of 43, and this time he committed the crime of "speculation".
1984 0 On August 3 1 day, 44-year-old Mou was released from prison. He was acquitted of "profiteering" and released. He founded the Sino-German Trading Company in Wanxian County, and later renamed it Sino-German Industrial Development Company.
1985, at the age of 45, Mou moved the Sino-German company to Chongqing.
1985, at the age of 45, his working capital ranged from 7 million yuan to liabilities 1.6 million yuan.
1In August 1988, 48-year-old Mou established the "Nande Economic Group" in Hainan.
1989, at the age of 49, was invited to attend the World Economic Forum in Davos, which was the first time for China entrepreneurs to attend a well-known unofficial forum.
199 1 year, at the age of 5 1 year, he successfully operated "can change the plane", which made Mou famous overnight.
1992, at the age of 52, he announced that Nande would invest 50 million yuan to build a high-protein feed factory in every county of China.
1993, at the age of 53, he signed a joint school agreement with Chongqing University, and the two sides decided to make Chongqing hot pot fast food and introduce it to the western world. In the same year, Mou put forward the theory of "China-Russia-America Triangle" and announced that he would invest 654.38+0 billion yuan to develop Manzhouli and build "Hong Kong in the North".
1In February 1994, at the age of 54, he established Nande (Group) Co., Ltd. in Beijing, and he served as the chairman.
1February, 994, 54-year-old Mou was listed as the fourth richest man in Chinese mainland by Forbes magazine. In the same year, China folk magazine Fortune named him "the richest man in Chinese mainland".
1994, at the age of 54, he announced that he would invest $3 1 billion to buy an aircraft carrier for the China navy.
1995, 55-year-old Mounande Group was short of funds and decided to finance by letter of credit without importing goods.
1995, at the age of 55, he proposed to invest 500 million yuan to set up "Nande Confucian Business University".
1996, at the age of 56, he put forward a strategic plan to blow up a hole in the Himalayas and change the arid climate in northwest China. In the same year, he announced that he had successfully "developed and launched" two satellites, the first of which was the world's first direct television satellite.
1996, aged 56, was maliciously reported and was restricted from leaving the country at Beijing airport, which was later proved to be false.
1997, at the age of 57, he claimed to produce computer chips with the running speed of 10 billion times to 10 billion times within six to eight months, but he was certified as "impossible" by relevant experts.
199965438+1On October 7, 59-year-old Mou was detained in criminal detention.
On May 30, 2000, 60-year-old Mou was sentenced to life imprisonment and deprived of political rights for life at first instance, and was charged with letter of credit fraud.
In September 2003, at the age of 63, he was sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment 18 years for good behavior.
20 16 On September 27th, 76-year-old Mou was released from prison.
20 17, 77-year-old mou established Beijing zhongke technology development group co., ltd. ..
20 17, 77-year-old Mou continued the experiment in Nande.
Mou classic story
first pot of gold
1979 65438+February 3 1, 39-year-old Mou keenly felt the breath of reform and made up his mind not to be a boiler worker.
He told his wife Du Zonglian the idea of doing business, but her wife had long been frightened by him. She just got out of prison and almost died. Now she's going to speculate. Is this really fatal?
During her husband's imprisonment, she never left and took care of his mother and two children alone.
Her idea is simple. She only hopes that after her husband is released from prison, even if he does nothing, the family can live in peace.
Mou doesn't think he is just a lifelong career. However, there is a real problem. After four years in prison, he is now unemployed. How can I have so much money?
Mou was a little depressed and at a loss. Unexpectedly, my wife, who has been firmly opposed, quietly sold the only sewing machine in the family with a value of 150 yuan.
So, I found someone to borrow some, and I can get 300 yuan money every time. With 300 yuan as the starting capital, Mou started his own business.
1982 65438+In February, when Mou was 42 years old, he established Wanxian Sino-German Store, which was equivalent to the supply and marketing cooperative of that year. It was the era of planned economy, and Mou showed his business acumen. He knows how to take advantage of information asymmetry, get goods at low prices, and then wholesale them to other regions at high prices. In addition to groceries, there are also household appliances such as black-and-white TVs that are in short supply in his shop.
He is different from others. He was the first person to introduce alternative service and consignment business. At that time, there was no "three guarantees" practice. Mou publicly promised to the guests that as long as the electrical products purchased in Sino-German stores had quality problems after sale, they would be replaced or returned free of charge within three days in urban areas and within seven days in rural areas.
At the same time, Mou's Sino-German stores have also launched purchasing, consignment, consignment and organization services, which are basically one-stop services except production. Due to his successful management, Mou earned more than 80,000 yuan in the first year, which was a lot of money in the early 1980s.
This is the first bucket of gold that Mou earned when he started his business, but for Mou, the greater significance is to see the huge space for cross-regional circulation.
Sell refrigerators
1984, Mou came to Beijing with 2000 yuan. He found that the domestic market demand for refrigerators is very strong, but the domestic refrigerator level is very backward. In order to protect the development of national industries, the state does not allow the import of foreign refrigerators with very good quality, but only allows the import of parts and components for assembly at home, so as to improve the technical level of our country.
After consulting the data, Mou found that in China, the standard for defining refrigerators is that those with 360 liters or more are called refrigeration machinery, and those with 360 liters or less are called refrigerators. The document allows the import of refrigeration machinery, which is a huge business opportunity! I am so excited!
He specially went to Korea and customized 1 0,000 sets of 36 1 liter refrigeration machinery, which increased the volume a little. This is not a refrigerator, but a refrigeration machine, which meets the requirements of national import. Until 1987, he earned150,000 yuan.
Aircraft tank
1989, Mou went to Beijing from Wanxian and met a Henan native. During the conversation, he learned that the Soviet Union was on the verge of disintegration, the national economy was tense, and light industrial products for daily necessities were in short supply. He wants to sell a batch of Tu-154 planes. Although the price is only 50 million, there are no buyers. This plane is the same model as Boeing 727 produced by Boeing Company of the United States, but it was very popular in China at that time. .
The speaker has no intention, the listener has a heart, and he sees the huge business opportunities. With his years of experience, China has many daily necessities and light industrial products. If we change our thinking, we can succeed. He wanted to confirm whether there was aircraft procurement in China, so he rented a house in the suburbs of Beijing, and then asked around. Finally, he got a message that Sichuan Airlines, which had just been established for one year, wanted to buy aircraft. Zhong Mou found an airline in Sichuan and finally reached an agreement. Sichuan Airlines promised to buy 4 maps-154.
But the problem is that the company has no foreign trade rights and air transport rights, and it doesn't have enough funds. It's impossible to do airplane trade. So, how did he deal with these things?
Mou first got the approval of the State Planning Commission and the Civil Aviation Administration of China, and then signed a contract with the Soviet Union to exchange China goods for airplanes. Then I found two professional companies and entrusted the export of the replacement goods to the local barter trading company in Beijing, with only a handling fee of 1%. The import of aircraft is entrusted to China Machinery Import and Export Corporation.
Mou didn't have much money, but he took a loophole in time. This contract does not stipulate how to transport the goods to the Soviet Union. The Soviet plane arrived in a day, and the goods from China arrived in the Soviet Union in a week.
After the plane arrived, Mou flew to the bank to handle the mortgage loan within one day, and then paid the loan money to the manufacturers who produced daily and light industrial products. These manufacturers are located in Sichuan, Shandong, Hebei and other places, and they need 65,438+0,000 wagons for daily use and light industrial products. The next thing was handed over to the local barter trading company in Beijing and sent to the Soviet Union.
The whole process of "exchanging goods for airplanes" has many links and complicated processes. It is impossible to complete the business. Mou actually became a reality, which shows Mou's extraordinary ability.
In the middle of 199 1, this article was incredibly successfully completed by the most primitive barter method. Mou claimed to have made a profit of 80 million to 1 100 million yuan from this "reselling". This transaction also became the biggest barter transaction in the history of non-governmental trade between China and Russia at that time. This legendary transaction of "cans for airplanes" also made Mou an instant hit.
1February, 994, Forbes magazine listed Mou as the fourth richest man in Chinese mainland. In the same year, China folk magazine Fortune named him "the richest man in Chinese mainland".
Crazy girl waiting
1984, after Mou was released from prison, he was preoccupied with rebuilding Sino-German business and had no time to be a housekeeper. His family depended entirely on Du Zonglian.
1988, the unbearable Du Zonglian divorced Mou, and then Mou married former employee Xia Zongqiong.
1983, Mou went to prison. Xia Zongqiong is an employee of that store, and she was also locked up for a year.
Trading goods for airplanes suddenly made Mou look at himself with new eyes and feel that he could do anything. He planned many "grand plans" that sounded scary and exploded in the domestic media again and again. Xia Zongqiong advised Mou many times, but Mou just wouldn't listen to her advice.
Wu Xiaobo once said: "The gap between his quality and his great ambition, as well as the environment he was in at that time, doomed him to have no chance of success." .
1996, Xia Zongqiong gave up Mou completely and left Nande with her son. But her youngest sister, Xia Zongwei, stayed in Nande.
After divorcing Xia Zongqiong, Mou asked to be his secretary and handle his daily affairs. To tell the truth, Mou doesn't like Xia Zongwei because her personality and style are completely different from his.
1999, after Mou's accident, Nande Group was devastated, everyone left the company, and few people came to visit him. At this moment, Mou felt that his family was ruined. What surprised Mou most was Xia Zongwei. Instead of leaving, she wanted to help him.
Because of Mou's participation, as a secretary, she also stayed in prison for two years. However, after she was released from prison, this weak woman, who only cried and didn't make trouble when she was arrested that year, never gave up and ran around for a long time, accusing Mou.
When interviewed by the media, Xia Zongwei said helplessly, "He is over seventy years old. I don't care about him. What should he do as an old man? " .
After decades of getting along, they understood each other and gradually developed feelings. It was not until she was imprisoned in the prison that she expressed her thoughts.
On September 27th, 20 16, 76-year-old Mou got out of prison and drove with some friends to pick him up.
Mou classic quotations
Is it difficult to make money? Making money is too easy!
The most important thing in life is self-confidence. I believe that since God has given talent, let it work! .
Nothing is impossible in the world, only unexpected things.
Prejudice is more terrible than ignorance.
To be poor, it is enough to have backbone. To be rich, you need great wisdom and kind soul.
History will push me to the peak, so you must plunge me into the abyss first.
As long as you find those things that have achieved 99, you will succeed by adding 1 with your brain.
Some people say that I am engaged in karate, but I think it is a high utilization of intangible assets, especially wisdom, and it is my century-long contribution to China economic circles.
You have to tell a story to ensure its success, and naturally someone will give you money.
I think my success is not because I have much skill, but because I have followed this era.
The happiness of life lies in transforming the world.
Seeks the follow-up story
In 20 16, after he was released from prison, he and his followers were in the suburbs of Beijing, and his office was transformed from an elderly activity center. Their ongoing project is: "galloping Siberia and drinking Lake Baikal".
He said: "Now he has stronger operational ability, great pressure, but also very happy." Because of cerebral hemorrhage in prison, I can't walk steadily, but one thing I must do every day is to keep exercising. The daily work is mainly meetings.
20 19 he said, "health is very important to him. He will work for 10 years and strive to be competent for another 20 years."
Today, the 82-year-old man is racing against time. Although he has experienced despair, he is still imagining the future. Only time will tell whether he can realize his Nande experiment and continue his legend.
Note: The pictures in this article are for illustration only.
reference data
Xu Zhiyuan, the host of "Thirteen Invitations", and Tencent News jointly produced in One-way Space.
Forty years of agitation: China Enterprise 1978-20 18 M Author Wu Xiaobo CITIC Publishing House 20 17. 12.