Taiwanese jujubes have large fruits, fine cores, crisp flesh, sweet taste, and high nutritional value; they bear fruit the same year they are planted, and can enter the high-yield period in the second year. Taiwanese jujube grows thickly and quickly, and has strong adaptability to temperature. It can withstand high temperatures of 35 degrees and low temperatures of -10 degrees, and is suitable for planting in tropical and subtropical areas. The technical measures for its high-yielding cultivation are now introduced as follows.

Variety Selection

Currently, the main varieties cultivated in Taiwan are: Gaolang No. 1 (also known as Wuzi or Hongyun), Wuqian, Biyun, Huangguan, Wuguan, Telong, Century Date, etc.

Different varieties vary greatly in yield, fruit shape, quality, flavor, etc. For example, the Huangguan variety has the largest fruit shape, with a single fruit weighing 150 grams. It looks like an apple, but has a lower sugar content of only 11 degrees, a lighter taste, and looser flesh; the Hongyun variety has a single fruit weighing about 50 grams, egg-shaped, and a sugar content of 14 degree, good quality and flavor, and relatively high price; Wuqian variety is the most popular variety among many varieties. The fruit is oval, the weight of a single fruit is 80 to 100 grams, the ripe fruit is light green, the sugar content is 13 to 15 degrees, and the flesh is white. , crispy, sweet and fragrant. Commercial fruit sells for the highest price.

Planting density

Taiwanese jujubes are ideally planted from March to May. During this period, the temperature is not very high, there is more rain, and the air is humid. Even if root seedlings are planted, the survival rate is as high as about 95%, and the growth rate is also very fast. Flowering begins in August, and fruit begins to mature in November. With proper management, a single plant can produce about 10 kilograms of fruit that year, which can achieve the goal of planting and growing in the same year. The purpose of production and current year income. If it is bagged seedlings, they can be planted all year round, and the survival rate can generally reach more than 95%. Even if high-quality bagged seedlings are planted from July to August, they can still bear fruit that year. Root seedlings are planted during the high temperature season in summer. If the root seedlings are not well packaged and transported over long distances, the survival rate cannot be guaranteed.

Pruning

Taiwanese jujube branches are mainly lateral and oblique, with a large crown area and many branches. Reasonable pruning is required to form a good tree shape and facilitate ventilation. Daylighting reduces pest and disease damage and improves yield and quality.

1. Main trunk pruning: For annual saplings, cut them 30 cm above the main trunk grafting interface to induce the growth of side branches, and then select 3 to 4 side branches that are strong and well positioned to guide the surroundings (first-level points) branch) as the main branch, and all other excessive branches are cut off.

2. Branch pruning: usually starts in June and ends after all the fruits are set in November. Prune cross branches, overly dense branches, leggy branches, upright branches, slender branches, diseased branches, Cut branches close to the ground. In November, if there are already quite a lot of fruits, you can cut off the young fruits or flower spikes at the ends of the branches to avoid too many flowers and fruits, which will affect the expansion of the fruits.

Prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds

Taiwanese jujubes have few pests and diseases. The main pests and diseases include: powdery mildew, scale insects, caterpillars, fruit flies, etc. When the climate is dry, powdery mildew is more likely to occur and spread faster. It is more harmful to young fruits and leaves. It can be prevented and controlled with fungicides such as fentanin. Spray the entire garden once in the early stage of the disease, and then spray once every 7 days. ** *2~3 times. Scale insects can be sprayed with quick culling, omethoate, and pyrethrin; caterpillars and fruit flies can be sprayed with trichlorfon and pyrethrins. Spraying should be stopped 10 days before the fruit matures. Spraying is best done in the morning or evening.