The natural growth temperature of the wild Coprinus comatus is between 10 ~ 24℃, and it blooms from March to June in spring and from September to165438+1October in autumn. If cultivated in plastic greenhouse, seeds can be sown from June 10 to March of the following year, and mushrooms can be produced from June 165438 to June of the following year, twice a year.
Wasteland or shade can be used as the site for mushroom shed construction. The mushroom shed construction is the same as the vegetable shed, and the idle winter warm vegetable shed can also be used. The mushroom shed covers an area of 30 square meters per 500 kilograms of dry materials.
In the production process, material preparation → compost fermentation → bagging and sowing → fungus growth management → bed covering → mushroom production management → harvesting.
Prepare corncob 1000kg, bran 100kg, bean cake 30kg, lime 30kg, phosphate rock powder 30kg and gypsum 20kg. Dry-mix the culture material first, then wet-mix, before mixing, crush the corncob, pre-wet, and build the culture material in layers to make the water content reach 70%.
After the pre-wetted culture material is fermented, a pile with width of 1.5m, height of 0.6m and unlimited length is built. Turn the reactor every day 1 time. Before turning over the pile, spray a small amount of water on the pile surface, and the amount of water spray is appropriate to ensure that there is no dry material. When turning the pile, turn the material in the center of the pile to the surface layer, and turn the material in the surface layer and bottom layer to the center of the pile. The heap temperature can be raised to 60 ~ 80℃ from the next day, and the fermentation period is generally 5 ~ 10 day. There are a large number of white actinomycetes in the fermented material, which are dark brown and have the sweetness of the fermented material.
Bagging and sowing, with 5 layers of strains and 4 layers of materials in each bag, loading 1 layer of materials first, and then loading 1 layer of strains. Break the strain into pieces the size of walnuts, and try not to break the strain. In this way, the substances in 1 layer and the bacteria in 1 layer were packed and sealed with pins. Pay attention to the tightness when bagging. After sealing the two ends of the fungus bag, punch 1 hole at each end with a wooden stick with a diameter of 3 cm.
Before 10, the temperature in mushroom shed was relatively high. At this time, the mushroom bags are discharged on the ground in a layer of 1, and there is a gap of 3 cm between the bags, so the mushrooms can grow in the mushroom shed. After June 65438+ 10, three floors were laid on the ground, and after February 65438+2, four to five floors were laid to form a mushroom wall, with gaps 10 cm wide between rows, and wheat straw 10 ~ 20 cm thick was laid on the mushroom wall. Several thermometers were inserted into the bacteria bag, and the temperature of 1 time was recorded every morning and evening. During germination, the temperature in the bag is controlled at 20 ~ 30℃. If the temperature is higher than 35℃, there is a danger of burning bacteria. When the temperature reached 40℃ for 2 hours, all the hyphae were burned to death. The temperature of the fungus bag can be controlled by uncovering the plastic film and adjusting the vent.
The mycelium can grow full in the bag about 20 days after the fungus bag is covered with soil and bagged. According to the habit that Coprinus comatus can't grow without touching the soil, the covering soil can be taken out of the bag 3 ~ 5 days after the mycelium is full. Before covering the soil, water the ground of the mushroom shed, then dig down 15cm, remove the plastic bag from the mushroom bag and arrange it vertically in the dug bed. If the bag is too long, you can cut it in the middle. The width of the border is1.5m, and the length is not limited. Fill the gap with rows, and finally cover it with 2 ~ 3 cm thick plastic film. The humidity of soil should be controlled by hand, and it is advisable to disperse at the touch. Add 2% lime when covering the soil, cover with plastic film after covering the soil, keep the temperature at 14 ~ 25℃, and cultivate for 15 days, then the mushrooms will germinate.
The fruiting management of mycelium development enters the reproductive growth stage, and the management is mainly based on temperature regulation, humidification and ventilation, and proper illumination is given. The fruiting temperature should be controlled at 12 ~ 22℃, and the relative humidity of the air in the mushroom shed should be kept at 85% ~ 95%, so as to ensure the fresh air and promote the mycelium to kink and form mushroom buds. It usually takes 7 ~ 12 days for fruiting bodies to mature.
When the ring on the edge of the fruiting body cap has just begun to loosen and the stalk is still tightly wrapped, it should be harvested in time. When harvesting, hold the lower part of the stem by hand, gently rotate it and pull it up. After harvesting, arrange the material surface, remove the mushroom roots, spray heavy water 1 time, cover the film, and cultivate for 10 ~ 15 days to produce the second crop of mushrooms. The management of the second crop of mushrooms is the same as 1 crop, with 5-6 crops per cultivation period.