This is the longest siege war in the history of modern war, and it is also a part of the Bosnian war. Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, was besieged by Yugoslav People's Army and Serbian army from April 5, 1992 to February 29, 1996. The siege of Sarajevo is three times longer than that of Stalingrad and one year longer than that of Leningrad.

Among them, the "ethnic cleansing" of Muslims by Serbs is particularly concerned by the outside world, especially in July, when the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina came to an end. 1995, Serbian troops captured the Bosniak enclave Srebrenica in the Serb-controlled area of eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina and slaughtered about 8,000 Bosniak men within two weeks. This is considered to be the worst massacre in Europe since the end of World War II.

1995165438+10 In October, under the auspices of the United States, the leaders of Yugoslavia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina signed the Dayton Peace Agreement in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina ended. Finally, under the banner of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the two sides formed two controlled areas, the Muslim Federation and the Republic of Serbia. The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina is the largest local war in Europe after the Second World War. Of the 4.3 million people in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 278,000 died and more than 2 million became refugees.

After the start of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Bosnian Serbs who controlled the army were supported by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was reorganized from the former Yugoslav Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Montenegro. They had heavy weapons such as tanks, artillery and planes (Muslims and Croats basically had no heavy weapons at the beginning of the war), and their military advantages were obvious. Unsuspecting Muslim towns and villages were on fire everywhere, and Serbian soldiers rushed into Muslim towns and villages in whole cars, burning and looting. All male Muslims were tied up in cars and transported to secret places for physical destruction, which was called elaborate genocide by all walks of life. Muslims were forced to organize resistance and make an appeal for help to the whole world. During the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, under the incitement of national sentiment, many neighbors who had lived in harmony turned against each other and killed each other because of ethnic and religious differences. Sarajevo is a city surrounded by mountains. From the surrounding hills, you can see almost all the cities clearly. When the city was besieged by Serbs, a bustling street stood in front of snipers on the mountain outside the city, so it was called "sniper street". Pedestrians in this street are the best targets for snipers. As long as they see someone walking or find a figure, bullets will fly from the mountain. Therefore, many streets in Sarajevo today, including residential buildings along the street, are still full of bullet marks.

Perhaps many people have heard the song "romeo and Juliet in Sarajevo" sung by Sammi Cheng, a Hong Kong singer. "Love, regardless of religion, is never afraid of guns, and often prefers to love you till death ..." But not everyone knows that the background of this song originated from a pair of foreign lovers in Sarajevo: Milla and Boshko Brkic, who were shot to escape the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although the traces of the war have faded, the story of two people bravely crossing racial barriers and falling in love to death still exists in the hearts of survivors. Milla and Brkic were childhood friends. The former is Bosniak and the latter is Serbian, but this has not stopped them from falling in love and looking forward to a happy marriage in the future. They fell in love for 9 years, until the civil war broke out in Bosnia and Herzegovina at the age of 25, and Sarajevo was besieged by Serbian troops, so they were forced to flee together. 1993 May 18, they were shot while crossing the Vrba Nia Bridge in a hail of bullets. They hugged each other tightly just before they died, so they were described as "Romeo and Juliet in Sarajevo". This hug lasts for eight days, because no one can safely remove the body and bury it during this period.