[Keywords:] large-scale pig farms; Piglet; Diarrhea; Prevention and treatment
Piglet diarrhea is a very common problem in piglet feeding stage, especially in small and medium-sized pig farms. The incidence of such symptoms is often around 20%-30%, and even reaches 70%- 100% in serious pig farms, resulting in a certain number of piglet deaths. After recovery, the pigs grow slowly and delay the slaughter time, causing great economic losses to pig farmers. In practice, we have taken measures such as prevention, treatment and strengthening feeding management to comprehensively prevent and treat such symptoms and achieved satisfactory results. It is now sorted out for the reference of the majority of farm households to promote the healthy development of the pig industry.
I. Reasons
We believe that piglet diarrhea is a syndrome, which is caused by many reasons, such as diarrhea, dysentery, even dehydration and edema.
1. Pathogenic microorganisms and bacteria are commonly Escherichia coli causing yellow and white dysentery in piglets, and viruses include infectious gastroenteritis virus, epidemic diarrhea virus and rotavirus. Changes in external environment, feed and feeding methods can also cause endogenous infection and diarrhea.
2. In the aspect of feeding management, factors such as feeding, weaning and turning around cause stress in piglets; The lack of sow milk is also an important cause of diarrhea in piglets. Piglets are afraid of cold. If you can't keep warm, trace elements such as iron and selenium can't be replenished in time, which is also the cause of this disease.
Second, prevention and control measures
It is an important measure to reduce the incidence rate to adopt the principles of strengthening feeding management, comprehensive prevention, feeding is more important than prevention, and prevention is more important than treatment.
1. Vaccine preventive injection, targeted preventive injection according to the causes of piglet diarrhea that often occurs in this field. For example, vaccination with tetravalent gene vaccine of Escherichia coli or self-vaccine 20 days before delivery can effectively prevent yellow and white dysentery of piglets. It is an economical, convenient and feasible method for piglets to obtain active and passive immunity by vaccination.
2. Do a good job in sow delivery management. Sows should be thoroughly disinfected before entering the delivery room (bed). The delivery room can be disinfected with 2% caustic soda solution, and the delivery stall and bed can be disinfected with 1‰ iodogold disinfectant. Before delivery, the abdomen, breasts and vulva of sows should be scrubbed with 1-2‰ warm potassium permanganate water, then washed with warm water and dried with a clean dry towel to ensure delivery hygiene.
3. Mother and child are safe with a needle. After the piglets are born, before feeding, spray 2 ml of Houttuynia cordata and 20,000 units of gentamicin on their mouths. At the same time, 8 million units of penicillin, 6.5438 million units of streptomycin and 20 ml of houttuynia cordata were injected into sows. Can be used for preventing and treating sow postpartum infected piglet milk source diarrhea, cleaning piglet gastrointestinal tract, and preventing piglet diarrhea.
4. Do a good job in piglet management. Just like when we analyze the cause, piglets are afraid of cold at birth, and the ambient temperature of piglets at birth should be kept at 30℃, and then gradually cool down to about 22℃. Simple light boxes can be used to keep warm, and the self-made application of electric incubator in conditional pig farms has also achieved obvious results. Supplementing feed in time, luring food on the fifth day after birth, or manually stuffing two capsules into the mouth of piglets can not only make the gastrointestinal tract of piglets adapt to feed as soon as possible, but also significantly increase weaning weight. Inject iron and selenium to supplement trace elements and enhance the resistance of piglets. Piglets should be restricted as soon as they are thrown out. Feed them a few times less to avoid diarrhea. To prevent bacterial infection, 0.5mL, 65 ml, 438+0 ml, 65 ml, 438+0.5 ml of long-acting oxytetracycline can be injected into piglets at the age of 3, 7, 265 and 438+0 days respectively. This method has achieved good results in several small and medium-sized pig farms.
5. Do a good job in sanitation, epidemic prevention and disinfection. According to the epidemic situation of pig farms in nearby villages, the epidemic prevention and disinfection system is formulated according to the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law and other laws and regulations in combination with the feeding management of this farm, and it is strictly implemented. Immunize pigs as planned, and disinfect piggery, yard, utensils and drinking water regularly, once every 7 days when there is no epidemic and once a day when the epidemic is approaching. Conditional pig farms should build biogas digesters to treat excreta. When piglet diarrhea occurs, isolate the sick pigs in time, and clean and disinfect the polluted pens and sites in time.
6. Feed additives: Because the digestive organs of piglets are not fully developed and the digestive function is not perfect, additives such as citric acid, enzyme preparation, probiotics and trace elements need to be added to ensure normal digestion and enhance the body's resistance. If 1% citric acid is added to drinking water and feed to maintain normal PH value and certain acidity in the stomach, digestive enzymes can be activated, which is beneficial to the reproduction of lactic acid bacteria, improve digestion ability and inhibit the growth and reproduction of some viruses.
Third, medication.
Correct medication, early medication and correct medication are important methods to reduce the death of sick piglets.
1. Sows infected with porcine transmissible gastroenteritis can adopt starvation therapy, that is, only one meal is reduced, but clean drinking water must be guaranteed. The sow and piglet are injected with 50 chickens of Newcastle disease I line at the same time, which interferes with the virus reproduction and can have a good therapeutic effect.
2. Piglets can be cured by injecting 10 drops of water into Houhai point once a day, usually twice.
3. Grinding oxytetracycline 0. 15g, SG0.25g, Tmp0.05g, Bismuth Carbonate Basic 0.2g, VB10.2g * * * into powder, adding a little water to make paste, feeding it into the mouth of piglets with utensils twice a day, and the piglets can recover in 2 days.
4. Oral administration of ofloxacin for two days can achieve satisfactory results.
5. Adjust physiological function, treat symptoms and relieve symptoms. 200 ml of 5% glucose saline, vitamin B 12mL and 30% vitamin C2mL were mixed and injected intraperitoneally. Piglets are small and intravenous injection is difficult; The site of intraperitoneal injection must be accurate to avoid stabbing the intestines and other organs.
6. Chinese medicine prevention and treatment. Piglet dysentery powder is composed of Pulsatilla chinensis, Coptidis Rhizoma, Plantaginis Semen, etc.
One or two of the above drug methods can be used to reduce the death of piglets and improve the efficiency of farms.
refer to
[1] Huang Guohan, Queqiaomin. Preliminary study on comprehensive prevention and control measures of piglet diarrhea in large-scale pig farms. Animal Husbandry Market in 2009 (07)
[2] Wang Hongning. Causes and comprehensive control measures of piglet diarrhea. China Animal Husbandry, 2006(06)
[3] Gao Guangsheng and Sun Fang. Causes and prevention of piglet diarrhea. Breeding technical consultant, 20 1 1(03)
[4], written by Han. Causes and control measures of piglet diarrhea in large-scale pig farms. Agricultural Technical Service, 2009(02)