According to the severity of the wrong information, the deliberately forged information in scientific papers is either corrected or withdrawn. On the positive side, a scientific journal of data analysis compiled by the non-profit organization Retraction Watch pointed out that the growth rate of scientific retraction has slowed down after a decade of climbing, and the organization is responsible for supervising retraction and investigating scientific misconduct.
Unfortunately, some forged papers-especially those that are incredibly good-have affected this field for several years before the mistakes are discovered, which makes them waste time and money and is likely to bring danger to human life. [27 strangest medical cases]
According to the list compiled by Take Back Watch and national news reports, we have many choices when counting down this year. The runner-up included a paper that reported how radio waves emitted by cell phone towers caused hallucination pain during amputation, but this may depend on hallucination data ("Artificial RF electromagnetic fields cause neuropathic pain in amputation models" in the book "Library of Science of China"). In addition, an ethical article was withdrawn, waiting for ... violation of ethics, including "a lot of unquoted overlap", that is, plagiarism ("Bioethics and Medical Education" in the Scottish Medical Journal). The following is a notable revocation list of 20 18.
5。 How do you spell asparagus: g-i-n-g-e-r
Ah, multipurpose asparagus. Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It is not only used to improve the palatability of food, but also widely used in medicine, bread products, wine and meat products? This is an article published in Food Science and Nutrition this year.
Sounds like ginger. "Ginger" is not only used to improve the palatability of food, but also widely used in Vedic medicine, baked food, wine and meat products in India. This is another paper based on Mechanical Engineering and Science, 20 15. "
But before you use asparagus instead of ginger, please note that the authors of the 20 18 paper led by Fahim Ullah seem to only use asparagus instead of ginger in their research. From the title and abstract, through the introduction and six conclusions, the authors of the asparagus paper replaced the asparagus they had planted with ginger.
In this sentence, half of the total output of ginger is used as ginger, and the remaining 30% is converted into dried ginger. "Now compare it with this sentence." Half of the total output of asparagus is used as white asparagus and red asparagus, while the remaining 30% is converted into dried medicinal asparagus and 20% is used as seed material.
Even the measured values based on solar activity in different countries and different years (Indian 20 14, China 20 16) are the second place after the same decimal point. The authors of Jiang's paper, S.K.Sansaniwal and M.Kumar, found that their paper was plagiarized and demanded that it be taken back quickly.
According to the retraction observation, this is not the first retraction by fahim Ulla. His 20 18 paper "Performance Analysis of Solar Water Distillation and Drying Device" published in Seawater Desalination magazine plagiarized the 20 16 paper "Experimental Research on Solar Water Distillation and Drying Device".
4。 If science is a contact sport, it will bleed, sweat and shed tears.
A little blood can show your true courage. However, ants of the University of Texas Anderson Cancer Center may have gone too far in this concept.
2065438+May 2008, the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) ruled that Elqutub used his own blood in the experiment and marked it as 98 different patient samples, thus committing research misconduct. This improper behavior has led to the retraction of the manuscript so far-a striking paper published in Cancer magazine in May, 2065438, entitled "Common genetic variation related to salivary gland adenocarcinoma and its subtypes identified in genome-wide association studies", and the retraction observation report-there may be more reports. "
The ORI reported that Elqutub admitted her misconduct and agreed to have her research reviewed by the ORI in the next three years. But it seems that she is no longer engaged in research. According to the Houston Chronicle, Elkutubu is now a middle school nurse. The child may be very excited to learn that she is obviously unwilling to take blood samples.
3。 According to "Take Back Watching", the magazine "Public Library of Science Synthesis"
The editor should have acted on instinct, but published a paper in June 20 17. Due to the author's objection, the paper had to be withdrawn before March 20 18. This problem is not scientific misconduct or fraud, but fact. In hindsight, the editors thought it was a rather bad study.
The title of this paper is "Microbial Restoration of Diet to Improve Digestion, Cognition and Physical and Mental Health", and the authors are Kate Lawrence and Janet Hyde. Lawrence is a Ph.D. professor of psychology at St Mary's University in London. Hyde is a bachelor's nutritionist and author of "Gastrointestinal Remodeling: Nourishing Stomach for 4 Weeks, Completely Changing Health and Losing Weight".
This study supports this book, as you may have guessed. Although there is no essential problem, the Public Library of Science generally thinks that this research lacks credibility. Sins includes poor research design; Lack of control group; No confounding variables were reported; The reported data is not enough to achieve reproducibility; There is no power calculation to prove that the sample size is enough to evaluate the expected effect; However, the key concept of "microbial remediation" is not supported because the author did not evaluate the microbial composition of the patient population.
This research seems to be conducted by the author of a popular health book and a psychology professor. Oh, wait, yes. But apart from an imperfect study, the author did nothing wrong. The withdrawal of "Gong * * Science Library No.1" really highlights a failure of "Gong * * Science Library No.1" in the peer review process. Unconscious eating, unconscious documents. It doesn't matter.
The book Unconscious Diet: Why We Eat More than We Think, published on 20 10, was written by Brian Wansink, a former psychologist at Cornell University. It is a national bestseller and has been widely praised by O magazine, * * * and other mass media.
The premise of this book and university-based research show that many aspects of American culture encourage us to eat more than we need, such as large portions on large plates, ubiquitous food advertisements, or putting candy at the checkout counter in supermarkets. That sounds very logical. But the research supporting unconscious diet may be based on conscious fraudulent data, and Cornell University investigated the allegations of scientific misconduct of Wansink's work organization.
According to a statement issued by Cornell University in September, "Professor Wansink committed academic misconduct in his research, including academic misstatement of research data, questionable statistical techniques, failure to correctly record and preserve research results, and improper authorship." Wansink, who resigned from Cornell University, denied intentional misreporting.
In a blog post on 20 16, Wansink blew himself up and asked graduate students to save the invalid results of one study (that is, the data used in another study did not support this hypothesis. This blog makes many scientists worry about the integrity of Wansink's research. When others read Wansink's past publications, they found serious problems in Wansink's methods and statistical analysis over the years.
As of 20 18, 12, according to the database of manuscript withdrawal observation, Wan Xin has recovered 18 papers and corrected 15 papers. His recent snub came from the editors of The Joy of Cooking. Yes, a classic cookbook. In a paper in 2009, Wansink claimed that this cookbook expanded the size of food, and the average calories increased by 44% over the years. Editors seized the limelight of Wansink's fall from grace last year, investigated the study and found that it also lacked statistical rigor, which was completely wrong. Therefore, on February 4, 20 18, 18, The Joy of Cooking: The Calorie Increase of Classic Diet in 70 Years and another Wansink paper in the same journal were withdrawn.
1。 Harvard University
Some scientists praised Dr. Piero Anversa, a former Harvard University, for inventing the field of heart stem cells alone. This stem cell is unknown in the heart. Anversa's laboratory discovered them more than ten years ago, isolated them, and designed some methods to inject them into people with terminal heart disease to basically regenerate heart tissue.
Millions of federal funds have been invested in this research direction, but no therapeutic effect has been achieved. Now, scientists want to know how much Anversa has "invented" in this field. An internal investigation by Harvard Medical School found that Anversa and his colleagues falsified data in at least 365,438+0 publications, although ANVERSA insisted that he was innocent.
It all started in 200 1 Anfusa's laboratory published a paper in the New England Journal of Medicine, pointing out that the heart can regenerate like the liver. It was this paper that initiated thousands of research projects, including clinical trials of injecting these cardiac stem cells into patients. However, independent clinical research teams do not know that if the stem cells they inject are not real stem cells, these clinical trials may be just placebo studies.
Harvard University published the survey results for many years in June+10, 5438, and sent the notice of misconduct to the journals published by Anversa and his colleagues. By the end of 65438+ in February last year, 13 * * *: 3 were cancelled, and 10 was cancelled in circulation research. It is expected that there will be more retractions, because other journals have marked "expressing concern" on Anversa's papers, indicating that these papers are being reviewed for misconduct.
At the same time, Brigham and Women's, the teaching hospital of Harvard University, has agreed to pay $654,380+million to the Federation * * to solve the allegations that the organization fraudulently obtained funds. Avra, 80, left this university on 20 15.
Pay attention to Christopher Wanjek@Wanjek and post daily health and science tweets in a humorous way. Jack Wan is the author of Food at Work and Bad Medicine. His column "Bad Medicine" appears regularly in Life Science.