First, there are antibodies. Many rural people have the habit of eating vegetables raw. For example, I like to pick fresh vegetables in the garden, such as cucumbers, tomatoes, radishes, etc. I just wipe two of them off and eat them directly in my mouth, which is quite delicious. Therefore, the body is "inclusive" to potatoes produced in the soil.
Second, before eating sprouted potatoes, the sprouted part is usually cut off, or even a large piece is cut off.
Third, when eating potatoes, they will be cooked and eaten. After high-temperature disinfection, the toxicity in sprouted potatoes should be gone. So some rural people ate germinated potatoes without being poisoned.