Carbohydrate is the main heat source of human body, participates in many life activities and is an integral part of cell membrane and many tissues. Maintain normal nerve function; Promote the metabolism of fat and protein in the body.

2. Grease

Grease is a general term for oil and fat. Fat is an important component of human tissues and cells. It is absorbed by the human body and provides heat, which is twice as much as the same amount of protein or carbohydrates. Fat is also an important reserve form of energy supply in human body. Oil is also beneficial to the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins; Maintain normal physiological functions of the human body; Body fat can insulate heat, reduce body heat loss, and support and protect various organs and joints in the body from damage.

3. protein

If the human body is regarded as a building, then protein is the building material of this building. The important components of the human body: blood, muscles, nerves, skin, hair, etc. are all made of protein; Protein also participated in the renewal and restoration of the organization; Adjust the physiological activities of the human body and enhance resistance; Protein is also productive, providing energy for children's growth and development, so it is also a productive nutrient.

4, vitamins

Vitamins are a kind of compounds necessary to maintain the normal physiological function of human body. They do not provide energy, nor are they the structural components of the body, but they are absolutely indispensable in the diet. For example, a long-term lack or deficiency of a certain vitamin can cause metabolic disorder and pathological state to form vitamin deficiency.

5. Water

Water is an important condition for human beings and animals (including all living things) to survive. Water can transport all kinds of substances necessary for life and eliminate unwanted metabolites in the body; Promote all chemical reactions in the body; Regulate body temperature by giving off a large amount of heat through unconscious water evaporation and sweat secretion; Joint synovial fluid, mucus in respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract all have good lubrication effect, tears can prevent dry eyes, and saliva is beneficial to moistening pharynx and swallowing food.

6. Inorganic salts

Inorganic salts, formerly Called minerals, generally account for only 1~ 1.5% of the fresh weight in biological cells, and more than 20 kinds have been found in human bodies, among which the major elements are calcium ca, phosphorus p, potassium k, sulfur s, sodium Na, chlorine Cl, magnesium Mg (also called macroelements), and the trace elements are iron and iron.

Although the content of inorganic salts in cells and human body is very low, it plays a very important role. If we pay attention to the diversification of diet, eat less animal fat, eat more coarse grains such as brown rice and corn, and don't eat too much refined flour, we can maintain the normal level of inorganic salts in the body.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Six Nutrients