Tomato planting technology and management methods: soil requirements, seed treatment, seeding management, water and fertilizer management, flower and fruit thinning, pest control.
1, soil requirements
Tomatoes do not have particularly high requirements for the soil, there is a certain degree of fertility, it can be to keep wet, loose point can be. Tomatoes are moisture-loving fruits and vegetables, do not tolerate flooding, more rainy season to pay attention to drainage, so planting field to build drainage channels.
2, seed treatment
Tomato seeds soaked in water for 1-2 hours, and then in the seeds in 20-60 degrees Celsius of warm water, stirring constantly. Keep the seeds in the warm water for about 15 minutes. Then continue soaking for about 5 more hours before you can sow the seeds, most of the seeds can be sown for seedlings once they show their white color.
3, sowing management
Seeds can be sown after good seed treatment, after sowing 3-4 days or so can be sprouted, seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves can be planted, planted to apply sufficient fertilizer to the main farmyard fertilizer, can be 3000-4000 kg per mu of rotted farmyard fertilizer + 30-40 kg of calcium phosphate, or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, or calcium and magnesium phosphate fertilizer. Or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer + 15-20 kg of potassium sulfate fertilizer dosage used.
In the tomato transplanting planting water, planting water on the basis of sufficient water, slow water, as long as the seedling potential is normal, the soil is not drought, to the seedling plant buds before flowering should be as little watering, less fertilizer, in order to prevent the seedling exuberant growth affect the flowering and fruiting.
4, water and fertilizer management
After the tomato into the flowering and fruiting period, the plant's demand for water and fertilizer nutrients is relatively large, can be combined with the watering of fertilizer 2-3 times, the first fertilizer in the first spike of fruit to the size of an egg and the second, the third spike of fruit to sit after the fruit.
Subsequently, every 10-15 days fertilizer 1 time or every harvest fruit tree 1 time fertilizer 1 time, fertilizer should be potash and potash fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer as a supplement, each time after the application of high-potassium compound fertilizer about 15-20 kg or with high-potassium water-soluble fertilizers 6-8 kg for the sprinkler.
5, thinning flowers and fruits
General tomato thinning flowers and fruits, mainly thinning out the deformed, ineffective, densely populated, stunted, weak head of flowers and fruits on the plant. For tomato plants with sufficient fertility and strong growth, you can leave 5-6 fruits per plant, and plants with insufficient fertility can leave 3-4 fruits per plant, but pay attention to the first spike of fruits to try to stay well.
6, pest control
Tomato common diseases are early blight, also known as blotchy disease, in addition to late blight, the treatment is ventilation, the onset of the disease is timely spraying with the corresponding drugs. In addition, tomatoes are also prone to viral diseases, this kind of disease is generally spread by pests, the prevention and treatment method is to eliminate pests from the source, and then use the corresponding drugs to treat the plants that have been sick.