The small family medicine box has been paid more and more attention by the masses, because it costs little money, but it is very convenient to respond to emergencies at critical moments.
There is a lot of knowledge about preparing medicines. Which medicines are the key points? That depends on the physical characteristics of family members and what diseases they often suffer from. Here are my suggestions to you: 1. General class 1. Cold category: antipyretics-Tylenol, Paracetamol and Contac can be used, just choose one of them; Antitussive drugs-compound licorice mixture, compound guaiacol mixture, Zhizhi syrup, Fritillaria Serpentis, etc., choose one or two; Heat-clearing, detoxicating and antivirus-Choose one of Banlangen Granules, Yuye Jiedu Granules and Yupingfeng Granules.
Diarrhea due to drugs in digestive system-abdominal pain caused by Smecta and Bifico-constipation caused by anisodamine tablets or belladonna tablets-one or two kinds of gastric or duodenal ulcer caused by kaiselu, phenolic peptide tablets or Maren pills-one of ranitidine and omeprazole is abdominal distension or vomiting-indigestion caused by mudinglin tablets-one of multi-enzyme tablets and pancreatin tablets is caused by unsanitary diet-antibiotics norfloxacin and levofloxacin. Anti-infective intestinal infection-same as above "Abdominal diarrhea caused by unsanitary diet" skin infection, skin injury-Roxithromycin gynecological infection-metronidazole or tinidazole upper respiratory tract infection-Amoxicillin Capsule 4.
Topical anti-allergic drugs for skin itching and dermatitis-choose one or two oral anti-allergic drugs-cetirizine tablets and loratadine tablets-in addition to the above oral drugs, ephedrine nasal drops 5 can be prepared. Choose one or two of chlortetracycline eye ointment, chloramphenicol eye drops, ciprofloxacin eye drops and cortisone acetate eye drops for various eye diseases.
Trauma and painkillers: all kinds of pains such as toothache, menstrual pain, lumbar muscle strain, sprain, rheumatic pain and headache-choose a disinfectant for external use-75% disinfectant alcohol, mercuric chloride solution, purple water and tincture of iodine, and choose alcohol plus one of others. Second, prepare medicines for special people, and fill them according to the doctor's long-term doctor's advice 1, hypertensive people 2, diabetic people 3, nephropathy 4, cardiovascular diseases of the elderly 5, common gynecological diseases 6, and various medicines above liver diseases, which are selected and reserved according to individual family conditions, and appropriately added and subtracted.
2. What drugs should the family keep?
Topical drugs include commonly used disinfection and antiseptic drugs such as povidone iodine (iodophor) disinfection alcohol and purple medicine water, and of course, absorbent cotton, gauze, plaster, tweezers and scissors are indispensable; Topical drugs for preventing mosquito bites or preventing summer heat in summer, such as cooling oil, wind oil essence or antipruritic ammonia water, etc. Damp-relieving ointment and safflower oil for traumatic sprain, rheumatism or nerve pain; Potassium permanganate for local bath disinfection; Moist burn ointment for mild small area burn and scald; External anti-infective ointment such as tetracycline and erythromycin ointment; For all kinds of dermatitis, Fu Yi, 999 dermatitis flat and prednisone acetate ointment, etc. Post-it notes for minor trauma, Yunnan Baiyao, etc.
Drugs for preventing and treating colds Preventive drugs include Banlangen Granule, Ganmao Qingre Granule, Viruling, etc. Therapeutic drugs such as Suxiao Shangfeng Capsule, Puer Ganmao Tablet, Paracetamol Tablet, Sangju Ganmao Tablet, Yinqiao Jiedu Pill, Huoxiang Zhengqi Pill, etc.
Compound licorice tablets, cough syrup, Zhizhi syrup, Juhong pills, aminophylline tablets, Bolikangni, etc. Digestive drugs such as lactase, yeast tablets, pepsin tablets, pancreatin, hawthorn pill, etc.
Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs compound sulfamethoxazole tablets, erythromycin tablets, acetylspiramycin tablets, norfloxacin capsules, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin capsules, cefalexin, metronidazole, etc. Vitamin drugs such as vitamin B, vitamin B2, vitamin C, etc.
Daylight saving medicine Rendan, Qingliang Dan, Leixiang Zhengqi Water, etc. Insect repellent drugs such as levamisole, Changchongqing, etc.
Spasmodic drugs, painkillers, belladonna tablets, atropine tablets or scopolamine tablets for stomach diseases or stomachaches; Painkillers, indomethacin, etc. for headache, toothache, neuralgia and joint pain.
3. What commonly used drugs should be prepared at home?
Drugs are commonly used at home in order to make some minor problems get timely treatment, control as soon as possible, or at least make some temporary treatment before going to the hospital.
However, we should pay attention to: we should not use drugs without authorization for diseases that we can't diagnose or have serious symptoms and great changes, especially when children are sick, they often have acute onset and great changes, and children themselves can't express themselves. At this time, we should go to the hospital for treatment. For all kinds of sudden illnesses of adults and sudden changes of old chronic diseases, we should also go to the hospital for treatment in time.
Generally, the following commonly used drugs can be prepared: 1. Antibiotics.
Such as erythromycin, compound sulfamethoxazole, ofloxacin, pipemidic acid, berberine, clotrimazole, etc. 2。
Digestive system medication. Such as multi-enzyme tablets, vitamin B complex, motilium, etc.
3。 Cold medicine.
Such as ribavirin, Suxiao Shangfeng capsules, Ganmao granules, vitamin C Yinqiao tablets, compound Folium Isatidis, Radix Isatidis granules, etc. 4。
Antipyretic and analgesic. Such as painkillers and paracetamol.
5。 Gastrointestinal antispasmodic drugs.
Such as 654-2 tablets and compound belladonna tablets. 6。
Antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic drugs. Such as Kebiqing, Gancao tablets, Shuchuanling, etc.
7。 Anti-allergic drugs
Such as chlorpheniramine, cyproheptadine, sismin, etc. 8。
A laxative. Ruo Dao, rhubarb soda tablets, kaisai dew, etc.
9。 Sedative hypnotics.
Such as diazepam and phenobarbital. 10。
Summer medicine Such as Rendan, Ten Drops of Water, Huoxiang Zhengqi Water, etc.
1 1。 Topical painkiller
Such as Shangshi Zhitong Ointment, Musk Zhuifeng Ointment, safflower oil, collateral oil, etc. 12。
Topical anti-inflammatory disinfectant. Such as alcohol, gentian violet, iodine, potassium permanganate, band-aid, etc.
13。 Other classes.
Essential balm, cooling oil, 84 disinfectant, sterilized cotton wool, gauze adhesive tape, etc.
4. What medicines are available at home?
Antipyretic and analgesic drugs: such as aspirin, painkillers, indomethacin, etc.
Drugs for treating colds: such as Puganmin, Xinkangke, Suxiao Shangfeng Capsule, Qiangli Yinqiao Tablet, Baijiahei Ganmao Tablet, Xiaoer Ganmao Ling, etc. Antitussive and expectorant drugs: such as Bisuping, Kebiqing, Shedan Chuanbei Liquid, Compound Gancao Tablets, etc.
Antibacterial drugs: such as norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole, and escitalopram. Gastrointestinal antispasmodics: such as propofol, 654-2, etc.
Digestive drugs: such as motilium, multienzyme tablets, hawthorn pill, etc. Laxative drugs: ruo Dao, rhubarb soda tablets, glycerin suppository, kaisai dew, etc.
Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Yimengting, Zhixiening and Smecta. Antiallergic drugs: such as cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, etc.
Topical anti-inflammatory disinfectants: alcohol, iodine, purple liquid, red liquid, potassium permanganate, etc. External painkillers: such as rheumatism ointment, safflower oil, etc.
Others: Band-Aids, essential balm, cooling oil, sterilized cotton swabs, gauze, adhesive tape, etc. In addition, except for individual drugs that need to be taken for a long time, the amount of preparation at home should not be too much, generally enough for three to five days, so as to avoid failure and waste caused by too much preparation.
Matters needing attention in court medicine box (1) principle: the contents of family medicine box should depend on the size of family and the health status of family members. When purchasing drugs, we should be targeted, generally focusing on drugs for treating common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and chronic diseases, and the varieties should be few and refined.
A medicine bottle or medicine box contains only one kind of medicine, and it should be labeled with the name, specification, purpose, usage, dosage and precautions clearly written on the label. Children's medication and dosage should also be clearly written.
Internal medicine and external medicine should be stored separately, and there should be obvious signs indicating whether it is for external use or internal use to avoid using the wrong medicine. (2) Pay attention to storage: spare drugs at home should be stored in a dry, ventilated and dark place.
Generally speaking, drugs are greatly influenced by air, sunshine, humidity and temperature, and are easy to deteriorate and fail, especially when stored in bottles and medicine bags with poor sealing. In addition, if there are children at home, care should be taken not to let the children get the drugs stored, so as not to take them by mistake.
(3) Regularly check the quality of drugs: drugs stored in family medicine boxes should be regularly checked for deterioration and mildew. Generally, drugs with expiration date should be noted, while other drugs should pay attention to their appearance changes. If there are abnormal conditions such as color change or mildew, they should be discarded.
Drugs to be discarded: expired drugs. Such as deterioration, discoloration, and drugs that have passed the shelf life.
The mercurochrome should be discarded, because the disinfection ability is not strong, and it is basically not used in clinic; Iodine should not be used again, because the skin is * * *, and if the wound is wrapped tightly, it may burn the skin. Iodophor is a new substitute for these two disinfectants, which has good disinfection effect and little toxicity.
Laxatives should not be kept for a long time, which will make people dependent. It is a very bad habit to rely on laxatives, because the function of laxatives is intestinal peristalsis. Once a habit is formed, the intestine will not work normally without it.
A better way to treat constipation is to eat fruit and crude fiber food. Equipment needed for a small family medicine box First of all, you should have a pair of tweezers, a thorn in your hand, sand in the wound, etc. It is better to use pointed tweezers than a needle.
Secondly, there should be different specifications of disinfection gauze and plaster. Third, it is painkillers.
Because of the different location and nature of pain, you might as well prepare two or three different painkillers to suit the remedy to the case. For example, the drugs for abdominal pain are atropine and motilium; General pain, joint pain, head and external pain can be treated with aspirin, somnifedipine, fenbid, etc.
Fourth, keep some common antacids. Sometimes your stomach feels uncomfortable after eating. You can try to eat one or two drugs that can neutralize stomach acid. For example: ranitidine hydrochloride and so on.
Fifth, there should be drugs on hand to treat mild diarrhea. For example: berberine, ofloxacin, etc.
Sixth, ointment for external use with camphor and mint as the main ingredients has many uses, whether it is mosquito bites or skin rashes, it is helpful to apply this kind of ointment. But if the skin is broken, generally don't use it.
Seventh, chlorotoxin eye drops should still be kept. After swimming, drop a few drops when your eyes itch, and immediately relieve the symptoms. But the eye drops should be at low temperature, and it is best to put them in the box at the refrigerator door.
In addition, the clinical thermometer in the small family medicine box is also essential. If there are elderly people or people with chronic diseases in the family, the medicine cabinet in the family wants to be "heavier".
It is necessary to prepare symptomatic drugs that can relieve the symptoms in time. .
5. What medicines should be kept by the family?
■ The main types of antipyretic and analgesic drugs prepared at home: such as aspirin, painkillers and indomethacin.
Drugs for treating colds: such as Puganmin, Xinkangke, Suxiao Shangfeng Capsule, Qiangli Yinqiao Tablet, Baijiahei Ganmao Tablet, Xiaoer Ganmao Ling, etc. Antitussive and expectorant drugs: such as Bisuping, Kebiqing, Shedan Chuanbei Liquid, Compound Gancao Tablets, etc.
Antibacterial drugs: such as norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole, and escitalopram. Gastrointestinal antispasmodics: such as propofol, 654-2, etc.
Digestive drugs: such as motilium, multienzyme tablets, hawthorn pill, etc. Laxative drugs: ruo Dao, rhubarb soda tablets, glycerin suppository, kaisai dew, etc.
Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Yimengting, Zhixiening and Smecta. Antiallergic drugs: such as cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, etc.
Topical anti-inflammatory disinfectants: alcohol, iodine, purple liquid, red liquid, potassium permanganate, etc. External painkillers: such as rheumatism ointment, safflower oil, etc.
Others: Band-Aids, essential balm, cooling oil, sterilized cotton swabs, gauze, adhesive tape, etc. In addition, except for individual drugs that need to be taken for a long time, the amount of preparation at home should not be too much, generally enough for three to five days, so as to avoid failure and waste caused by too much preparation.
■ The following points should be paid attention to when storing drugs: 1. Reasonable storage: Drugs often deteriorate and fail due to external conditions such as light, heat, moisture, air, acid, alkali, temperature and microorganisms. Therefore, it is best to put the drugs stored at home into brown bottles, tighten the lids and place them in a dark, dry and cool place to prevent deterioration and failure.
Some drugs susceptible to temperature, such as placental globulin and rifampicin eye drops, can be stored in the refrigerator. And alcohol, iodine and other preparations, it should be sealed. Second, indicate the expiration date and expiration date: drugs have an expiration date and an expiration date. After the expiration date, they can no longer be used, otherwise it will affect the curative effect and even bring adverse consequences.
Bulk drugs should be separated by category, and marked with eye-catching labels, indicating the storage date, drug name, usage, dosage and expiration date. Spare drugs should be inspected regularly every year and replaced in time. Third, pay attention to the appearance change: pay attention to the appearance change when using the reserved drugs.
For example, the tablet is loose and discolored; Sugar coating adhesion or cracking of sugar-coated tablets; Capsule adhesion and cracking; Pill adhesion, mildew or moth-eaten; The powder is seriously hygroscopic, caking and moldy; Eye drops are discolored and turbid; When the ointment has peculiar smell, discoloration or oil layer precipitation, it can't be used again. Four, safekeeping: internal medicine and external medicine should be placed separately, so as to avoid taking the wrong one in the busy.
Drugs should be kept in a safe place to prevent children from taking them by mistake. ■ Don't be too casual when using family medicine. Symptoms are often one of the basis for disease diagnosis. Casual medication will cover up symptoms, making diagnosis difficult and even misdiagnosis.
Therefore, before a definite diagnosis, it is best not to use drugs casually. Furthermore, drugs have dual nature, which can not only cure diseases, but also cause diseases, and in severe cases, may endanger life.
Therefore, there is no need to take drugs when there are no serious symptoms, especially analgesics, spasmolytics, digitalis, cortisone and other drugs, and it is better to use them as little as possible. Pay attention to the interaction of drugs when using the drugs in the family medicine box.
When two or more drugs are taken at the same time, they can interact with each other, sometimes reducing the efficacy of one of them or causing adverse reactions. Such as penicillin and tetracycline, its antibacterial effect is not as good as that of single use.
Taking oxytetracycline and other intestinal bactericidal drugs at the same time with the whole intestine will make the whole intestine invalid, because the whole intestine is a Bifidobacterium preparation, which can adjust the imbalance of intestinal flora. Therefore, if you want to take several drugs at a time, you should be guided by a doctor or pharmacist to avoid failure due to the interaction of drugs.
The drug must be taken according to the dosage. Excessive use can cause adverse reactions and even cause death. If the elderly and children do not pay attention to the dosage of antipyretic drugs, their body temperature may plummet due to excessive sweating, causing collapse.
6. What is the common sense of family medicine storage?
First, according to the composition and health status of family members.
If there are old people and children, special attention should be paid to preparing the medicines they use. There are hypertensive patients, tuberculosis patients, coronary heart disease patients, epilepsy patients, etc., and the drugs for treating these diseases should be constantly available; Family medicine boxes are strictly forbidden to be mixed with drugs allergic to family members.
Second, choose old drugs with less side effects. The toxic and side effects of old drugs have been fully exposed, and they are clearly stated in the general instructions, which is easy to find and prevent.
Due to the short use time, the new drug may have some unexpected reactions, which is not suitable for family standby. Third, choose drugs with stable curative effect and simple usage.
Try to choose oral drugs and topical drugs, and choose less or no injection drugs. Fourth, choose common and frequently-occurring drugs.
■ The main types of medicines prepared at home [the essential basic medicines in small family medicine boxes should be cleaned once every 3-6 months] antipyretic and analgesic drugs: such as aspirin, painkillers and indomethacin. Drugs for treating colds: such as Puganmin, Xinkangke, Suxiao Shangfeng Capsule, Qiangli Yinqiao Tablet, Baijiahei Ganmao Tablet, Xiaoer Ganmao Ling, etc.
Antitussive and expectorant drugs: such as Bisuping, Kebiqing, Shedan Chuanbei Liquid, Compound Gancao Tablets, etc. Antibacterial drugs: such as norfloxacin, pipemidic acid, ciprofloxacin, compound sulfamethoxazole, and escitalopram.
Gastrointestinal antispasmodics: such as propofol, 654-2, etc. Digestive drugs: such as motilium, multienzyme tablets, hawthorn pill, etc.
Laxative drugs: ruo Dao, rhubarb soda tablets, glycerin suppository, kaisai dew, etc. Antidiarrheal drugs: such as Yimengting, Zhixiening and Smecta.
Antiallergic drugs: such as cyproheptadine, chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, etc. Topical anti-inflammatory disinfectants: alcohol, iodine, purple liquid, red liquid, potassium permanganate, etc.
External painkillers: such as rheumatism ointment, safflower oil, etc. Others: Band-Aids, essential balm, cooling oil, sterilized cotton swabs, gauze, adhesive tape, etc.
In addition, except for individual drugs that need to be taken for a long time, the amount of preparation at home should not be too much, generally enough for three to five days, so as to avoid failure and waste caused by too much preparation. ■ The following points should be paid attention to when storing drugs: 1. Reasonable storage: Drugs often deteriorate and fail due to external conditions such as light, heat, moisture, air, acid, alkali, temperature and microorganisms.
Therefore, it is best to put the drugs stored at home into brown bottles, tighten the lids and place them in a dark, dry and cool place to prevent deterioration and failure. Some drugs susceptible to temperature, such as placental globulin and rifampicin eye drops, can be stored in the refrigerator. And alcohol, iodine and other preparations, it should be sealed.
Second, indicate the expiration date and expiration date: drugs have an expiration date and an expiration date. After the expiration date, they can no longer be used, otherwise it will affect the curative effect and even bring adverse consequences. Bulk drugs should be separated by category, and marked with eye-catching labels, indicating the storage date, drug name, usage, dosage and expiration date. Spare drugs should be inspected regularly every year and replaced in time.
Third, pay attention to the appearance change: pay attention to the appearance change when using the reserved drugs. For example, the tablet is loose and discolored; Sugar coating adhesion or cracking of sugar-coated tablets; Capsule adhesion and cracking; Pill adhesion, mildew or moth-eaten; The powder is seriously hygroscopic, caking and moldy; Eye drops are discolored and turbid; When the ointment has peculiar smell, discoloration or oil layer precipitation, it can't be used again.
Four, safekeeping: internal medicine and external medicine should be placed separately, so as to avoid taking the wrong one in the busy. Drugs should be kept in a safe place to prevent children from taking them by mistake.
■ Don't be too casual when using family medicine. Symptoms are often one of the basis for disease diagnosis. Casual medication will cover up symptoms, making diagnosis difficult and even misdiagnosis. Therefore, before a definite diagnosis, it is best not to use drugs casually.
Furthermore, drugs have dual nature, which can not only cure diseases, but also cause diseases, and in severe cases, may endanger life. Therefore, there is no need to take drugs when there are no serious symptoms, especially analgesics, spasmolytics, digitalis, cortisone and other drugs, and it is better to use them as little as possible.
Pay attention to the interaction of drugs when using the drugs in the family medicine box. When two or more drugs are taken at the same time, they can interact with each other, sometimes reducing the efficacy of one of them or causing adverse reactions.
Such as penicillin and tetracycline, its antibacterial effect is not as good as that of single use. Taking oxytetracycline and other intestinal bactericidal drugs at the same time with the whole intestine will make the whole intestine invalid, because the whole intestine is a Bifidobacterium preparation, which can adjust the imbalance of intestinal flora.
Therefore, if you want to take several drugs at a time, you should be guided by a doctor or pharmacist to avoid failure due to the interaction of drugs. The drug must be taken according to the dosage. Excessive use can cause adverse reactions and even cause death.
If the elderly and children do not pay attention to the dosage of antipyretic drugs, their body temperature may plummet due to excessive sweating, causing collapse.
7. What are the common sense of family medication?
Tips for family medication: ① Don't use drugs rashly.
With the continuous development of medicine, many drugs have become essential drugs and commonly used drugs for families. For example, antibiotics, anti-infective drugs, etc., but although some new drugs have the same effect as those commonly used in the past, their usage and dosage are often different.
Some people take it on the basis of past experience or through hearsay, which is very harmful. Others are eager to heal, hate illness and take medicine, and increase the dosage without following the instructions, which is very dangerous.
Drugs can cure diseases, but they can also cause diseases. For example, the anti-inflammatory compound sulfamethoxazole has a half-life of 12 hours in human body, so the correct way to take it is to take two tablets twice a day.
If the interval of taking medicine is less than 12 hours, it will accumulate in the body, and in severe cases, it can damage the kidney. ① Don't take medicine blindly.
Children and pregnant women need more nutrition than ordinary people, but not all children and pregnant women need a lot of supplementary nutrition. Those who lack nutrition must be supplemented, and those who do not lack nutrition will be malnourished.
Under normal circumstances, trace elements such as zinc and iron in the human body are in a state of dynamic balance. If the supplement is excessive, it will destroy the balance and produce side effects. Especially vitamin drugs, lack of human body will make you sick, and excessive intake in the body can also cause disease.
Nutrition is best taken from food, and try not to get satisfaction from drug supplementation. Don't take tonics without illness.
First of all, it should be clear that tonic is also a medicine. Secondly, taking tonic should be symptomatic.
Good health, no lack of nutrition, taking tonic is harmful. If you want to live a long and healthy life, taking tonic is not the way, nor can you achieve your goal. The secret of healthy and long life is a good lifestyle and exercise.
8. What should be paid attention to in the preservation of family standing drugs?
Family medicine preparation is to provide convenience for family use, but medicines are different from other commodities. The following points should be paid attention to when preparing medicines.
(1) It is best to bottle the medicine in brown, and the label should indicate the name, dosage, usage, dosage and expiration date of the medicine. Generally, there is no need to store drugs in paper bags or cartons. Drugs retrieved from hospitals are in bulk. After recovery, the remaining drugs should be stored in clean vials in time, otherwise they will deteriorate easily.
(2) The volatile drugs such as alcohol, iodine, mint ingot, wind oil essence, cool oil, safflower oil and musk rheumatism oil should be kept in a cool and low temperature place below 30°C in addition to being sealed after use. (3) Glycerol suppository, Annasu suppository, itching suppository, chlorhexidine suppository and infantile antipyretic suppository should be placed at low temperature of 2? 15 C. Otherwise, it is easy to deteriorate due to heat.
(4) Compound aluminum hydroxide tablets, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium trisilicate, multienzyme tablets, belladonna tablets, carbaclo tablets, phenytoin sodium tablets, yeast tablets, aspirin, ferrous sulfate, etc. are easy to deteriorate due to moisture, and should be placed in a dry place. (5) Aerosol is filled with propellant and has a certain pressure, so it is easy to explode once it is heated and hit.
Therefore, it should be stored in a cool place to avoid heat and direct sunlight, and pay attention to prevent extrusion and impact when carrying it out. (6) Regularly check whether the drugs are damaged, deteriorated or expired, and once found, they should be resolutely discarded.
(7) In order to ensure the safety, effectiveness and economy of family medication, it is not recommended to store drugs in large quantities, and the variety and quantity should be refined rather than excessive. (8) Adults and children's medicines should be kept separately, especially for a family of three generations; Internal medicine and external medicine should be kept separately.
Nowadays, many families keep pets, and veterinary drugs should be kept separately. And pest control drugs should also be strictly added.
In short, it is necessary to classify and save them so as to avoid the danger of making a mistake in the busy work.