(1) Daily diet. Based on the principle of light diet, easy digestion and rich nutrition, reasonable diet, scientific tonic, attention to meat and vegetable collocation, thickness collocation, the more varieties of food, the better, avoid eating too many partial eclipse, and don't limit the recipe too narrowly. Choose the following foods:
1, food medical research rich in vitamin C and vitamin A has proved that vitamin C can enhance the interstitial function in cells, enhance systemic resistance and inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. The main function of vitamin A is to maintain the normal structure of epithelial tissue, stimulate the body's immune system, mobilize the body's anti-cancer enthusiasm, and resist the invasion of pathogenic substances.
2. Foods that enhance human immunity. Immunity is the body's own defense mechanism, and it is the body's recognition and removal of any foreign body (virus, bacteria, etc.). ) invade from the outside; The ability to deal with the aging, injury, death and degeneration of their own cells, as well as the ability to identify and deal with mutant cells and virus-infected cells in the body.
3. Food with anti-tumor effect. These foods can improve the phagocytosis of macrophages to cancer cells, which is beneficial to anti-cancer.
(2) during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Adhere to the principle of eating. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy drugs generally cause gastrointestinal dysfunction such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite and other symptoms, as well as liver and kidney function damage; Moreover, because of the phenomenon of bone marrow suppression and the decline of blood items caused by impaired hematopoietic function, the body will soon become weak. If you can eat high-quality blood improvement items, the body's disease resistance is very important. At this time, in addition to choosing the food that patients like to eat on weekdays, we should also pay attention to the diversification of food, the combination of color, fragrance and shape, and add some condiments appropriately to stimulate appetite; If the patient's food intake is insufficient, glucose, amino acids, protein, etc. Can be assisted from the vein.
(3) eat less and eat more meals. In addition to three meals, you can supplement some small, high-calorie and nutritious foods, such as chocolate, soda biscuits, soft bread, nuts, eggs and dairy products, and bean products. Avoid the peak period of chemotherapy drugs when eating.
(4) dialectical diet, symptomatic diet.
1, weak digestion. Mainly porridge, soup and paste, such as pork ribs, kelp porridge, fresh lotus root and ginger porridge, black-bone chicken and red jujube glutinous rice porridge, yam, barley and red jujube porridge, lotus seed and lily longan porridge, longan red jujube porridge, duck meat and poria soup, milk, egg white and lotus seed paste, etc.
2, constipation. Eat more fruits and vegetables, such as rape, spinach, leek, celery, asparagus, sweet potato, taro, kelp, laver, mushroom, pumpkin, etc. Bananas, pears, strawberries, etc.
3, leukopenia or severe hair loss. Moderately increase some high-protein foods, such as eggs, yogurt, tofu, chicken, duck, fish, meat, nuts and so on. 4. Have a fever. It is advisable to eat cucumber, wax gourd, bitter gourd, fresh lotus root, lettuce, eggplant, lily, amaranth, shepherd's purse, purslane, mushrooms, tremella, mung bean sprouts and mung beans; Plum, watermelon, pineapple, pear, persimmon, orange, lemon, olive, mulberry and water chestnut; Duck, herring, etc. In order to avoid thermal stimulation, you can eat some cold drinks such as ice cream and juice.
5, lack of blood. Attention should be paid to eating products that benefit qi and nourish blood, replenish bones and promote marrow, such as apples, red dates, milk, eggs, squab, pig liver, pig bones, goose blood, spinach, fresh mushrooms, bean products, yam, black sesame and so on.
6. The body shows negative nitrogen. Protein is very important in the nutritional structure, because it is the main structure of cells and the basis for repairing damaged cells. Protein consumption usually increases during and after chemotherapy. At this time, we should supplement enough protein to maintain the body's nitrogen balance. Pay attention to eat more foods rich in protein, such as meat, fish, eggs, milk and bean products.
7, limb numbness. Vitamin B has a good effect on nervous tissue and mental state. Vitamin B in the body participates in the catabolism of sugar in the form of coenzyme, which has the function of protecting the nervous system. It can also promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and increase appetite. Pay attention to eat more foods rich in vitamin B: such as yeast, wheat, peanuts, lean pork, celery, peas, Chinese cabbage, milk and so on.
(5) Avoid foods that are irritating and difficult to digest. Such as too sour, too salty, too spicy, too oily, rough and stiff, smoked and roasted foods. Second, the food recommendation list.
(1) Foods rich in vitamin A: pear, apple, loquat, cherry, banana, longan, apricot, litchi, watermelon, melon, etc. Cowhide, kale, spinach, kidney bean, broccoli, horsetail, Chinese cabbage, shepherd's purse, eggplant, pumpkin, cucumber, green pepper, alfalfa, pea seedling, red sweet potato, carrot, tomato, celery, lettuce, asparagus, etc. Mung beans, rice, walnuts; Pork, chicken, eggs, animal liver (pig, sheep, chicken, etc.). ), turtles, crabs, snails, milk and dairy products (non-skim milk).
(2) Foods rich in vitamin C: Rosa roxburghii, jujube, fresh jujube, seabuckthorn, pomegranate, strawberry, kiwi, hawthorn, lemon, orange, longan, etc. Radish tassel, broccoli, sweet pepper, spinach, cauliflower, cabbage, bitter gourd, watercress, radish, tomato, etc.
(3) Foods that enhance the body's immune function: boiled water and tea; Papaya, orange, orange, hawthorn, seabuckthorn and longan; Taro, kelp, ocean
Onion, aloe, towel gourd, tomato, carrot, mushroom, spinach, sweet potato, cauliflower, fungus, tremella, etc. Animal liver, fish and shellfish, lean meat, chicken, beef, yogurt, milk, etc. Ginseng, spiral bath, propolis, garlic, ginger, lily, lotus seed, whole grains, jujube, almond, etc.
(4) Foods with anti-tumor effects: At present, the vegetables with anti-cancer effects recognized at home and abroad are: sweet potato, asparagus, Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, celery, eggplant, beet, carrot, shepherd's purse, Flammulina velutipes, potherb mustard and Chinese cabbage; Fruits include: papaya, strawberry, orange, citrus, kiwi, mango, apricot, persimmon, tomato and watermelon. Other suggestions are as follows:
1, taro, taro: also known as taro, sweet and flat, soft and hard, dispersing stagnation and detoxifying. Rich in mucin saponins and various trace elements, it can help the human body correct the physiological abnormalities caused by the lack of trace elements, and has the functions of appetizing, helping digestion and tonifying the middle warmer. Contains a mucin, which can produce immunoglobulin or antibody globulin after being absorbed by human body, can improve the body's resistance, inhibit and digest the pain of carbuncle, including cancer, and can be used for preventing and treating tumors and lymphoid tuberculosis. For patients with lymphosarcoma, taro 15 ~ 30g, cooked and eaten every day, has a certain effect on controlling lumps and lymphadenopathy.
2. Konjac, whose main components are glucomannan, protein, fructose, pectin, konjac starch, etc. For example, glucomannan can effectively interfere with the metabolic function of cancer cells. After konjac gel enters human intestine, it forms semi-permeable membranes with different sizes and adheres to the intestinal wall, which can prevent the invasion of harmful substances including carcinogens, thus playing the role of detoxification and preventing and treating cancers, such as thyroid cancer, cardiac cancer, colon cancer, lymphoma, parotid cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer. 3, goose blood, there are blood and blood circulation, detoxification and heat. It is rich in immunoglobulin, anticancer factor and other active substances, and can treat malignant tumors such as lung, stomach, lymph and nasopharynx, improve symptoms, increase white blood cells, promote phagocytosis of lymphocytes, and enhance and improve anti-tumor immunity.
4, day lily, natural selenium bank, selenium content is very considerable. The selenium content per100g is as high as 173.4 micrograms, which can inhibit the metabolism of carcinogens and inactivate them. The inhibition rate of day lily on cancer cells was 32.6%.
5, mushrooms, plant queens. Anti-cancer weapons have amazing anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects, and have satisfactory curative effects on many cancers. After operation, cancer patients can eat 10g dried mushrooms or 50g fresh mushrooms every day, which can prevent the metastasis of cancer cells.
6. Yam has the functions of benefiting qi and nourishing yin, invigorating spleen and lung, and restoring renal function. Ge- 132 contains trace element germanium, which can inhibit the metastasis of cancer cells and has anticancer synergistic activity.
7, black fungus, the king of vegetarianism. Contains anti-tumor active substances, which can enhance human immunity and prevent cancer if eaten regularly. 8, tremella, the pearl of bacteria. Tonify lung, benefiting qi, nourish yin, moistening dryness, resisting aging, and have anticancer active components.
9, kelp, longevity dishes. Kelp polysaccharide in kelp can kill tumor cells by activating macrophages and inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, and inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, directly inhibiting tumor growth. Active substances in kelp can prevent the absorption of various radioactive elements and harmful heavy metals, or generate insoluble compounds to be excreted.
10, onion and vegetable queen can protect the heart. The diallyl sulfide compound contained in it has excellent anti-cancer and anticancer effects; It is rich in quercitrin, which is a powerful antioxidant and one of the most potential anticancer substances discovered so far. It can kill many carcinogens, prevent cell DNA from being damaged, and inhibit enzymes that stimulate tumor growth. Onion contains vitamin C, glutathione, selenium and other substances, and it is also a force that cannot be ignored in the anti-cancer army.
1 1, cucumber, anti-cancer light weapons, cucumber head contains cucurbitacins A, B, C, D, which can enhance immunity and improve phagocytosis of macrophages. Animal experiments have proved that cucurbitacin has obvious anticancer ability. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid contained in cucumber skin have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.
12, bitter gourd, a gentleman's dish for clearing away heat and toxic materials. Has the functions of clearing away heat and toxic materials, invigorating spleen and kidney, nourishing blood and nourishing yin, and improving eyesight and toxic materials. Bitter gourd is a good source of human minerals, rich in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, especially potassium. Bitter gourd is a strong anticancer substance, which can completely inhibit the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oral cancer and other cancer cells. The protein component contained in bitter gourd can improve people's immune function and improve their resistance to cancer.
13, leek, intestinal grass. The crude fiber contained in it can promote intestinal peristalsis, help human digestion, wrap some impurities in the digestive tract and excrete them with stool, which has the functions of keeping warm and strengthening the stomach; The volatile enzymes contained in it can activate macrophages, prevent the proliferation of cancer cells, prevent cancer cells from metastasis and prevent cancer recurrence.
14, mung bean sprouts, cold and sweet, have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting diuresis and reducing swelling. The inducer containing interferon can stimulate the body to produce interferon, which has the functions of anti-infection and tumor inhibition; Rich in vitamin E, it can protect epithelial cells, is an important source of vitamin B 17, and can prevent cancer. Long-term smoking, frequent contact with toxic and harmful substances, and frequent eating of mung bean sprouts have a good detoxification effect; Mung bean sprouts also have the functions of relieving summer heat, quenching thirst, diarrhea caused by heat toxicity and pesticide poisoning.
15, pepper, a good vegetable for dispelling cold and appetizing. This is an effective sedative. Capsaicin, an antioxidant rich in pepper, can effectively block carcinogens. If it works synergistically with carrots, tomatoes and green vegetables, it can play a powerful anti-cancer role.
16, garlic, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, has amazing bactericidal effect, and has obvious inhibitory and bactericidal effects on Shigella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli, diphtheria, typhoid, staphylococcus, pneumococcus, meningococcus, Vibrio cholerae and other germs. Contains more than ten kinds of anticancer substances such as quercitrin, selenium, vitamin C, allicin, diallyl sulfide compound, etc. It is an ideal anti-cancer food, which can improve immune function, enhance macrophage activity, stimulate the proliferation of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, and effectively kill harmful bacteria and cancer cells.
17, ginger, a good medicine for invigorating stomach and dispelling cold. Rich in powerful anticancer substance-mangosteen glycol; Flavonoids can promote the proliferation of T lymphocytes, activate macrophages and enhance the immune system's ability to kill cancer cells.
18, lily, nourishing and moistening lung. Nourishing the five internal organs, benefiting qi and calming the nerves, and is suitable for chronic physical weakness, restlessness, palpitation and insomnia and other diseases. Colchicine is an ideal anti-tumor drug, which is effective for many cancers. Lily, tremella, coix seed, red dates and lotus seeds have better anti-cancer effect. The combination of these foods also plays a role in the adverse reactions caused by radiotherapy.
19, Lycium barbarum, nourishing health products. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can improve human immune function and has anti-aging and anti-tumor effects; In addition to vitamin C, carotene and selenium, there is also a rare element germanium, and organic germanium has obvious inhibitory effect on cancer cells. Lycium barbarum extract has a direct killing effect on cancer cells, which can rupture cancer cells, with an inhibition rate of 100% and no damage to normal cells.
20, jujube, spleen and stomach, Buzhong Yiqi. Nourishing the five internal organs and qi and blood, focusing on the spleen and lungs. Can reverse cancer cells and improve immune function; It also helps to improve liver function and albumin, so it is also of considerable value in the diet treatment of cancer patients. In the recovery period of various cancers, people with insufficient qi and blood can eat some red dates; Especially when white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets are low, it can be used as an auxiliary food therapy product. The nourishing reconciliation of jujube mainly lies in jujube meat; Jujube peel will spit out when you eat it, and its taste is slightly different from that of jujube meat. It is not a tonic, but a "pungent powder". 2 1, walnut, invigorating qi and nourishing blood, enhancing immune function. Walnut is rich in vitamin E and trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, selenium and cobalt. The synergistic effect of these substances can play a great anti-cancer role. Juglans regia naphthoquinone compounds have good anticancer effect.
22, soybean, the flower of nutrition. Soybean is a kind of health-preserving longevity food, and it is a treasure to prevent and treat cancer. Eating soybeans and their products regularly can prevent cancer. Wheat, nourish the heart and soothe the nerves. Wheat bran is a good medicine and an anti-cancer barrier.
23, corn cancer prevention and health care valley. Rich in vitamin E, glutathione and selenium, it can prevent various cancers, promote the combination of glutathione and carcinogens, and make it transform into non-toxic water-soluble substances and excrete it.
24, coix seed, conducive to water infiltration, spleen and diarrhea. Coix seed ester is an effective anticancer component. Eating more can get rid of cancer toxin, reduce the toxic and side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, reduce the effusion in the body and improve the digestion and absorption function.
25. Sesame, Micronutrient Bank. Comprehensive nutrition, anti-cancer, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation. Eat black sesame seeds, sesame seeds, sesame oil and sesame paste regularly to prevent cancer.
26. Yogurt contains an anti-cancer enzyme called "Anabor", which not only makes yogurt have anti-cancer effect, but also effectively reduces the side effects during radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The anticancer effect of yogurt is the comprehensive effect of many substances contained in yogurt, which not only contains a lot of protective factors such as lactic acid and calcium lactate, but also contains many vitamins. Lactic acid can increase the number of normal bacteria in intestinal tract, inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria and reduce toxins, thus improving the anti-cancer effect.
27. Tea is the emperor of oriental drinks. Excellent carrier of minerals to prevent gene mutation. Tea can resist radiation damage, especially for leukopenia caused by radiotherapy, which has obvious preventive and therapeutic effects.
28. Bananas are the fruits of wisdom. It is suitable for patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, gastric and duodenal ulcer, constipation, hemorrhoid bleeding, pneumonia and cough. Banana is a friend of the stomach, which has obvious curative effect on stomach discomfort, hyperacidity and indigestion. Bananas can also dissolve carcinogens, and regular consumption of bananas or banana foods can prevent cancer.
29. Apple contains vitamin C, which can hinder the production of nitrosamines, destroy some enzyme activities produced during the proliferation of cancer cells, and even transform the produced cancer cells into normal cells.
30, grapefruit grapefruit is not only rich in vitamin C, but also contains lycopene. These two nutrients are powerful antioxidants and have anti-cancer effects. 3 1, hawthorn, a fruit for lowering blood pressure and promoting digestion. Hawthorn is rich in vitamins and so on. It is the guardian of the heart and a good fruit of red anticancer food. Eating hawthorn or hawthorn products often can prevent cancer.
32. Longan contains vitamins A, C and E, which has antioxidant effect, reduces the incidence of cancer and inhibits the growth of cancer cells. It can promote the health of urinary system and has good elasticity to skin and mucosa. Can be used for relieving fatigue and weakness, enhancing immunity and resisting infection in patients with chemotherapy and radiotherapy during the decline of blood cells (red blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets).
33. Grapes contain resveratrol, which can prevent healthy cells from becoming cancerous and inhibit the spread of malignant cells.
34, pear, cool, sweet and slightly sour, has the effect of moistening the lungs and cooling the heart, reducing phlegm and reducing fire, and relieving sore poison. It can inhibit the formation of carcinogen nitrosamine and play a protective role.
Liver; It has adjuvant therapeutic effect on fever, dry mouth, sore throat and constipation caused by cancer.
35, hairtail, sweet and flat, into the stomach. Contains protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2 and nicotinic acid. It has certain curative effect on physical weakness, postpartum hypogalactia, furuncle and carbuncle, and traumatic bleeding after illness. Modern medicine has proved that hairtail white membrane contains an anticancer component, which can effectively treat acute leukemia and other cancers and promote hair growth. Chinese medicine believes that it can tonify deficiency, detoxify and stop bleeding. People suffering from scabies, eczema and other skin diseases or skin allergies are forbidden to eat.
36, eggs, sweet, flat, have the effect of nourishing the heart and calming the nerves, nourishing blood and nourishing yin, and moistening dryness. Rich in protein, fat, vitamins and minerals such as iron, calcium and potassium needed by human body, its protein is the best protein in nature, which can repair liver tissue damage; At the same time, it is rich in DHA, lecithin and yolk protein, which is beneficial to the development of nervous system and body, can strengthen brain and improve intelligence, improve memory and promote liver cell regeneration; It also contains more trace elements such as vitamin B, which can decompose and oxidize carcinogens in the human body and has anti-cancer effect.
Third, rehabilitation nursing.
(1) is suitable for sports. According to the patient's age, illness and physique, choose appropriate exercise items, intensity and time, step by step, persevere, strengthen physique, improve mental state and improve immunity.
1, good physical fitness, walking, playing tai chi, playing badminton, swimming, riding a bike, etc. 2, weak physique, walking, static stretching, etc. , but fatigue should be avoided;
If you don't feel well, you should stay in bed and do indoor activities and sports in bed. 4. If you have fever and obvious infiltration, stay in bed to reduce consumption and protect your body.
(2) reasonable sun exposure. Ultraviolet rays in sunlight can stimulate 7- dehydrocholesterol in human skin to be converted into vitamin D3, which is a very common vitamin. Only 0.009 mg per day can improve immunity 1 times.
(3) Keep a good attitude. Cancer can only be cured if you are in a good mood.
1, laugh more, laugh can stimulate many immune-related chemicals in the human body, thus enhancing immunity. 2. A good mood can balance and provide the body's immune function, so that tumor cells are in a self-limited state and are eventually eliminated by the body's immune system; Being in a bad mood will reduce the immune function of the body and weaken the recognition and killing effect of the immune system on tumor cells.
3. Good communication can relieve your stress. Family and friends are the eternal backing, open their hearts to their families and get comfort and help; Don't be afraid to ask your friends for help, but keep in touch with them.
(4) Strong will. The disease medicine only accounts for three points, and the will accounts for seven points. Strong will is very important for treating diseases and is the primary factor to overcome diseases. We should have a positive attitude towards life, live a good life and rely on others, not their shadows.
(5) spiritual pillar. The family members of lymphoma patients may be the biggest spiritual pillar of patients and play an important role in the whole process. Therefore, the family members of lymphoma patients should have excellent psychological quality and patience in order to cooperate with patients in the fight against cancer for a long time and win this protracted war.
(6) Other details.
1, pay attention to the environmental impact. Keep the room clean, the temperature is appropriate, and the air is fresh. Reduce the number of accompanying visitors and do not visit patients with colds.
2. Pay attention to personal hygiene. Strengthen the cleaning of skin, nose, mouth and perineum, and sit in the basin after defecation. 3. Pay attention to safety and avoid trauma; Try to avoid contact with things with strong radiation.
4. Prevent colds. Pay attention to the appropriate increase or decrease of clothes with the weather change to avoid being infected by bacteria and viruses.
5. Skin care in the irradiation area of radiotherapy. Avoid contact with alcohol and soap; Pay attention to protect the skin when going out and avoid direct sunlight; After breaking the skin with fresh aloe, apply baby skin care products locally or externally (do not use it when breaking the skin); It is impossible to peel by hand when peeling.
6, work and rest, take medicine according to the doctor's advice, pay attention to self-examination, regular review, timely treatment, to minimize the damage.