Be distributed
Mainly distributed in the central and southern United States. In recent years, pearl turtle has been one of the main dishes of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao hot pot in winter. It is not only delicious, but also has higher nutritional value and medicinal value than soft-shelled turtle, and has a good development prospect.
gross feature
Pearl soft-shelled turtle is basically oval, golden in color, brighter than Chinese soft-shelled turtle, while the seedling color is black, with pearl-like spots on the carapace and a small head with a Phnom Penh on the skirt. The limbs are flat, the fingers and toes are webbed, and all have 3 claws. The tail is short, and the male tail tip exceeds the skirt. The back is olive or brown olive, and the abdomen is fleshy or gray.
Living habits
Pearl turtle lives in rivers, mountains and streams. Feeding on mollusks, crustaceans, fish and shrimp. Oviposition occurs from May to10, and the peak period is June. At night, female turtles dig holes in sunny and humid coastal beaches or mud to lay eggs. Hole depth11~18cm. The spawning ground is no more than 2m away from the water surface. When the water temperature is lower than 12℃, it will dive into the bottom mud and fine sand to hibernate.
artificial insemination
Pearl soft-shelled turtle, also known as American soft-shelled turtle, is mainly distributed in the central and southern United States. It is a new variety introduced from America in recent years. Because of its strong adaptability, miscellaneous eating habits, strong disease resistance, fast growth, high nutritional value, low cost, large market sales and high economic benefits, it is deeply welcomed by farmers.
How much is a catty in pearl turtle?
The price of pearl turtle Miao is as high as that of 75 yuan. In the Guangzhou market, the price of this turtle is 60~70 yuan/kg. However, seedlings are more expensive and need a breeding license to be cultivated. Pearl turtle is a new species introduced from America in recent years. When cultured in greenhouse, the weight gain of male soft-shelled turtle is slow, and the annual weight gain of female soft-shelled turtle is 1500~2500 kg.
How to raise pearl turtle?
1. It is not difficult to raise pearl turtle. Turtles' skin can help them breathe, so that they can stay underwater for a long time. They are highly aquatic turtles, so there is no need to set up floating islands in the culture pond, and the water temperature should be controlled between 24-28 degrees, and it should be heated in winter. Pearl turtle is a pure carnivore, especially the small larvae can be fed with red nematodes, and the older ones can be fed with small fish, shrimp or lean meat. They rarely have the habit of drying their shells, and they should also avoid direct sunlight during breeding.
2. Greenhouse conditions
The conventional simple shed for raising soft-shelled turtle covers an area of 405 square meters, including two breeding ponds 12, each of which is 30 square meters, ***360 square meters, and the depth of the ponds is 60 cm. Sufficient water sources, convenient water intake, fresh water quality and no pollution sources nearby. One 1_ oxygen pump, and each pool is equipped with 10 inflatable heads.
3. Cleaning and disinfection of greenhouse
Before the test, the hot water pipes, oxygen-increasing pipes, oxygen-increasing machines and other facilities in the greenhouse were repaired and replaced, the cement pool was cleaned and disinfected, and the greenhouse walls and corridors were also disinfected. The disinfectant is trichloroisocyanuric acid.
4. Turtle culture
On September 3rd, 2004, we bought 1400 American soft-shelled turtles with an average size of 10g, and put them into 4 ponds with 350 in each pond. Disinfect turtle seeds with seedling essence before stocking. When stocking, the pond water level is 10 cm. Put the disinfected turtle by the pond and let it climb into the water by itself.
5. Feeding management
⑴ Temperature control: How to raise pearl turtle? During the whole breeding period, the water temperature is controlled at 30 ~ 3 1℃ and the air temperature is controlled at 32℃.
⑵ Feed feeding: How to feed in pearl turtle? During the whole breeding period, the juvenile Trionyx sinensis feed with protein content of 46% was fed, and the feed was made into soft particles, the particle size was 3 mm at the initial stage and 6 mm at the later stage of growth. Feeding under water, the food table is laid flat on the horizontal plane of 10 cm below the water surface and made of wooden boards. Feed three times a day, and the feeding time should be controlled within 15 minutes each time.
⑶ Water quality management: According to the change of water quality, sewage is usually discharged once every two days, with a discharge of 2 cm each time, and then fresh water is injected after the sewage is discharged. With the growth of soft-shelled turtle, the water level gradually deepened, and the water level increased to 40 cm after 2 months of breeding.
(4) Prevention: Prevention is the key to prevention. Spray 20 g/m3 quicklime and 0.2 g/m3 trichloroisocyanuric acid alternately in the whole pool every half month. Due to improper operation of the pond, bacterial infection led to death. After feeding enrofloxacin and sterilizing water with oxytetracycline, the condition was basically controlled.