Post 1, I have a lot of research on watercolor tools in watercolor forum.
1。 Drawing paper is the most important, followed by pigment, and finally the brush.
2。 Pigments are rarely imported, but they are very expensive. Domestic and joint ventures are quite expensive, but they are very cheap.
3。 Many things made in China can be used, but problems will occur after a long time! -The color is gray, the drawing paper is yellow, and the brush loses hair. However, the quality of brushes has improved a lot in recent years, and some advanced mink brushes have appeared, which are easy to use and cheap. Unfortunately, most brush shapes are not exquisite and have no front!
4。 Domestic Mali is the best, the roses are fresh and quiet, the coal black is very thick, and the deep blue painter is unique! Very melancholy! Personally, I think the rest should be thrown into the sewer!
5。 Windsor Newton's pigments are very harmonious! ! Cheap and easy to use. Compared with Windsor Newton, a joint venture in Tianjin, it is cheaper, but it is easy to deteriorate-the glue in the paint can change if it is left for a long time or not well preserved!
6。 Only tattered pandas have Naples yellow in domestic pigments! ! Strange.
7。 Pigment: Japanese and domestic products have no diffusibility. The flowers in Europe and America feel good, because they are bold.
-Blocky pigments are really the best in Russia! I used two kinds, Iarca and White Night, which are bright and rich, but the packaging is so embarrassing!
—— The Department of Europe and America has two grades: "student" and "painter". Note that the colors of "Student" paint are easier to mix and brighter. There are many translucent and opaque colors in the painter's class. If you are inexperienced, reconciling them may be "dirty"!
-Recommendation: Newton in Windsor, England, the color is perfect and the expert level is horribly expensive! Excellent diffusibility!
-Italian Murray-The color is relatively calm-The Venice series for students will have a feeling of too much chewing gum, and the Marilyn series for artists is good, rich and deep.
-Minnich, Germany-Germany's top pigment, the price is quite expensive. 95 yuan (2005) is the cheapest professional-grade pigment, 15 ml!
-Lucas, Germany-It's sold in China-German products are more affordable, but the paint is translucent, which is very different from Windsor! -
Royal Dutch Terrence-Van Gogh series of student pigments: the price has risen sharply in recent years! Rembrandt expert series is sold in Beijing, and the price is also very expensive. More than 20 pieces of 5ml, the color is thicker and the color is slightly darker.
-Don't use the British Ronnie student series, it's dry and shallow, not good! Expert level is very similar to Windsor's! Not as expensive as Windsor.
-Sennelle- made in France.-The best pigment in France, but not in China. I also worked hard to get a few, gorgeous and wet. Because of honey, flies are especially attracted in summer! This painting has been eaten with strange dotted texture! ! ! -Japanese holbein-Japan's top pigment, not particularly expensive, easy to use, many colors, no cow juice, so it has a strong sense of brushwork. I especially recommend his neutral gray, purplish, beautiful and unique! There is no student series.
-Leonardo da Vinci of the United States produces a large number of branches, but few colors, which feels ok to use. It's a little dark, so it's hard to buy it in China, and the price is not expensive, which is equivalent to 2 yuan more than 1 ml.
-Iarca made in Russia: It is said that I have only used the best blocky pigments in Russia and even in the world. 24-color pigments cost more than 900, so I dare not buy them. It is rich in colors.
-White Night: It's a famous Russian pigment, which is much cheaper. Is 10 ml (generally speaking, other brands are mostly half a 5ml)24-color 380 yuan box. I bought it last week, and it works well.
-There are still a few, because I don't feel it because I don't use it much.
8- drawing paper: Try to buy good paper. In addition, the thinner the paper, the brighter the color. The thicker the paper, the stronger the water absorption and the grayer the color (pure cotton paper is more powerful).
-At present, Baoding can only use domestic painting paper, but unfortunately ... once imported paper is used, Baoding will also be there. ............
-Imported drawing paper sold in China is not handmade! ! ! ! It's molded! The same organ, hand-painted paper is extremely expensive! ! The burrs are large and irregular. For example, 300g handmade paper plus quarto (Italian) 130 yuan!
-Handmade is the words on the real hand-painted paper package!
-Wood pulp paper, good watermark, professional cotton pulp, strong water absorption!
-Cleaning and whitening: Wood pulp paper is easy to clean, while cotton pulp is mostly difficult to clean.
-Recommended: the ASHI Arch in Cancun, France-the most popular drawing paper in the world, which is more expensive and the most expensive drawing paper on the market. There is a strange smell when it is applied. It has strong water absorption and is easy to apply evenly. It is both wet and dry, and it will feel a little gray when used for the first time. Pick the paint, the paint is not good, and it is easy to get no effect! Personally, I suggest that the pigment should be thicker when using it. Not easy to clean.
-Lana Lala, France (not Lena)! ! ! )-The famous drawing paper was only released in China this year. Compared with ASHI, ASHI is softer and more absorbent, and there will be white spots in the coating after the color is dried. Watermarking has a strong effect and is favored by modern painters. Sheet paper is mostly textured and plain. Easier to clean!
-The Italian Fabriano method is widely sold in Brianaud and Beijing, which is different in texture from the above two kinds of drawing paper, but opposite! Easy to use! Highly recommended! Easier to clean!
Sandoz, England-easy to use and not expensive, but the biggest drawback is: see the wind and die! Be sure to save it carefully! Especially the rolled drawing paper! The problem of alum removal is serious! Take out the drawing paper and use it now! Otherwise, hey hey.
-Japanese white elephant.-Not easy to meet. We have been selling it in Shenyang for many years. Yellow paper is very absorbent, but it is very bright! I like it very much. 220g is generally between 14-20 yuan. Easier to clean!
-Gangxin Business Kansen-Europe's largest manufacturer of art paper, with several brands of drawing paper. Barbizon-You know, we are all called Bobby Gray!
-Fontaine leaves-a kind of paper that is cheaper than arches, with coarse grains on the front and cotton pulp paper, which is very common in drawing paper.
-Mi Dan.-There are many colors. Watercolor can be used to draw watercolors. Before using colored chalk, I like to draw watercolors on it. It was fun.
-Coatman, England.-It's hard to find, and it's quite expensive. I drew about 20 pictures in Beijing and Shenyang, which are very absorbent. This kind of drawing paper will change color! Generally, five years is deeper! Suitable for dry painting.
In the past few years, China's drawing paper brand, only the natural texture is the professional drawing paper! The price is also the most expensive. Subsequent other subordinate products are similar to Bogang and Brutin, and the texture is cross-woven, which I am not used to. Natural texture 300g, about 65-70 yuan.
9- Brush:
-Sable hair is actually wolf hair (weasel), which is divided into many grades: Collins base and red mink hair.
-kolinsky Brush: Siberia contains the tail hair of the male weasel in Heilongjiang, China! Expensive, long brush tip, fine and supple bristles, high water content and good elasticity.
-Red Sable Hair: There is also a Collins-based red mink hair, which should actually be the tail hair of a male weasel in Siberia, including Heilongjiang, China! It's also very expensive.
In fact, the above two kinds in China are all wolf hair with northern tail (there is a big difference between the customs and the customs), but the pen-making technology is very different! The purity of wool is also very different. I will send some pen stickers in the future.
-Sable brush has always been the ultimate brush. In fact, I feel that it is the behavior of enthusiasts. I saved a lot of so-called top-class, Colin driver, red mink hair. Finally, my favorite brush is nylon brush.
-I have a word. Let's see if I'm right. Painting, materials and techniques are the most important, but not the most important!
Experience of watercolor pen (I)-Author: Zhang Yue
This is my experience of using the fever brush for many years, and there are many unfinished parts for your reference.
1. Natural hair
A. natural hairbrushes
In watercolor painting and all brushes called brushes, mink hair brushes have always been highly respected. The so-called mink hair, loosely speaking, is the hair of all kinds of ferrets. Although there are many kinds of animals that can be called minks, not many can be used as mink bristles. Sable hair is called the best watercolor pen because of its super elasticity and water content. No matter how you squeeze the bristles, they will soon return to their original state. This elasticity can only be achieved by nylon brush. Although mink hair is extremely elastic, it is very soft and contains a lot of water, and it will not stagnate a lot of pigment liquid in the brush like squirrel hair. Secondly, the bristles of mink hair are very smooth, and it is very comfortable to draw clear and smooth lines and highly sensitive strokes. Moreover, mink hair has a wonderful pen tip (mink hair can easily form a good sharp corner), which is very effective for depicting details. Because of so many advantages, the price of mink hair is also the most expensive in watercolor pens!
A Siberian mink hair
Siberian mink is pronounced kolinsky Kolinsky in English, so it is also called Collins brush, and sometimes it is also called Russian mink brush. Siberian minks live in the cold north, distributed in Russia, Siberia and northern Heilongjiang, China. Its hair is thick and thin, very soft and elastic. A single hair is much thinner than Asian mink hair (weasel hair), even one of the finest hairs, which makes a brush need more hair. This is different from the ordinary mink brush. Kolinsky is the best mink brush, and it feels softer and thicker. When you use it to create, you can obviously find that it contains a lot of water and the nib is very smooth. It is best to use needle hair for the tail hair of male Collins base, because the hair here is the smoothest and longest. Sometimes in order to save cost, the small brush can also choose hair from other parts. When making a brush, all the inferior hairs that are too fine and thick should be removed, and the tips of the hairs should be broken and lost to ensure that all the brush hairs are complete and smooth. Sometimes you may find a few white hairs in the brush. This is because ~ naturally there will be a small amount of white hair, such as skin malnutrition, hair changing in different seasons and other natural factors. The color of brush hair is golden brown, the tip is dark reddish brown or dark brown when wet, and the red mink hair is black or dark brown peak. But in fact, the difference between the bristles of the two brushes is not obvious, but as long as they are wet with water, there will be differences. There is a great demand for craftsmen who do twisting work. In foreign pen factories, only senior technical workers with many years of work experience are qualified to make kolinsky, and each brush has undergone strict quality control. In foreign countries, such as the German Elco company, the metal sleeve of the brush in kolinsky has also adopted a golden surface to show the nobleness of the product.
B red mink hair and Asian mink hair
Sable hair, together with kolinsky brush, is often regarded as the best pen for painting. Sable hair can be used not only in watercolor painting, but also in many fields of artistic hand painting and makeup industry, because it has good elasticity, softness and color storage. Although the price is lower than kolinsky's brush, it is still the most expensive painting tool. In watercolor painting, some artists prefer the red mink brush and admire it, thinking that the red mink hair is more elastic and tough, which is more satisfactory than the more expensive kolinsky brush. The concept of red mink hair is very confusing, and its names are varied. Various manufacturers may refer to brushes made of various mink hairs as red mink brushes. However, the brush that can really become ~ is actually high-quality Asian mink hair and wolf hair.
Sometimes the pen factory will re-select the second-class raw materials left over from the production of excellent kolinsky brushes, and produce a very good brush slightly inferior to Kolinsky, because the hair used may be shorter in length and slightly harder, so it is called to indicate the grade. Also have a plenty of because want to show that Mao Mao used red mink hair raw materials produced in cold places in Russia and Siberia. Also, because I heard that red mink hair and kolinsky are the best brushes, but I didn't know which one is better, I compromised the name and printed it on the pen, finally showing that the product quality is invincible. Pure) red
Sable and sable are the main names of mink hair. When the word sable is translated into sable hair or sable in Chinese, people will mistakenly think that its color is black, so some technical books will mistake the black Russian squirrel brush for sable brush. In addition, the names of brushes printed with mink hair are: mink brush, mink brush and mink brush. Actually, they are all red mink brushes. It is generally believed that the fur of sable is darker and redder than that of kolinsky, but in fact, the fur of many brushes is very light. Its characteristics and differences are generally distinguished by the origin and the kolinsky brushes produced by the pen factory. The main raw material is the needle-like hair in the tail hair of weasels produced in south-central Russia and northeast China. In China, it is also called the northern tail wolf hair. Its hair is straight and smooth, and it can be used to make advanced brushes for watercolors and oil paintings. It has good elasticity. The hair of the brush is not as thick and soft as kolinsky's brush. Because mink hair is hard, some books have a "comparison" with him. The bristle tip of sable hair is obviously dark brown after wetting, which is also one of the characteristics of sable hair. However, some manufacturers call the brush with mixed hair mink hair, and use dyed wool, wool, cow hair, etc. to print mink hair on the pen holder. There is also an advanced brush made of high-quality cow hair abroad, which is widely known as ~ brush. (See Niumao-Sebo Lane Brush)
E langhao
In China, the brush we often use, called wolf brush, actually belongs to mink brush. The so-called wolf hair is not the wolf's hair, but the weasel's hair. Pure wolfsbane brush is expensive. Tail hair of male weasel in northern China, also called northern wolfsbane, was selected. Some manufacturers give the grade of products, and they will also use the words "fine products, tributes, best products" to indicate them. China's wolf hair is also a very general name. One kind is wolf hair, mink hair, brush and writing pen mixed with wolf hair, and generally mixed with more bristles such as wool and mane. The other is a book brush made of horse hair, which contains more water. Also known as sable. Mink is a rare ferret, which lives all over the world. It is the raw material of top fur coat. Its colors are dark purple and black, and some kinds of colors rarely change. Its tail hair is hard and smooth. Some books say that ~ is the best mink brush, but this is a complete misunderstanding. I have been to a mink farm and tried to catch the tail of a mink. I found that its tail hair is very beautiful and slender, and the color is very black and purple, which is really suitable for writing. However, due to the high price, a mink tail costs several hundred yuan, and few people can afford a writing brush. In addition, no manufacturer has ever produced a black mink brush.
Other brushes called mink hair:
Ronnie Company in Britain produces a soft black watercolor brush called Royal Mink Brush, but what kind of animal hair it is is still unknown. There is also a brush called mink brush, but according to legend, its pen can't be seen. And Mao Huan, otter hair and Liao hair.
Squirrel hair
~ is the softest brush and one of the most popular brushes. Although it is quite expensive, it is very economical compared with mink brush. Squirrels are very common animals, and the source of hair is relatively easy, but not all squirrel hairs are suitable for pens. Only the long hair on the tail of a big squirrel has the value and possibility of making pens. Among them, the black Russian squirrel living in the cold north is the most precious, followed by the gray squirrel native to Canada, and a stone squirrel and a ground squirrel can also be used as pens. ~ has a wide range of uses. In classical oil painting, it is used to cover colors transparently, draw fine patterns on ceramic paintings without hurting mud tires, and is also made into cleaning brushes for cleaning precision instruments. ~ As the material of advanced makeup brushes, it has always been loved by makeup artists. ~ It's very useful when drawing a large area of Bo Tu, and it feels very comfortable at the same time. Squirrel brush has the largest water content among watercolor brushes. Extremely soft brush hair can retain a lot of water color, but ~ will also cause water color stagnation, in other words, it doesn't like going into the water, and at the same time, it has strong water absorption and will absorb the color in wet coating, which requires that ~ should be used as decisively and quickly as possible. Nevertheless, if Bo Tu is carried out on a dry coating, the use of ~ will reduce the damage to the underlying coating. Sometimes if the pigment liquid can't flow out fully, you can squeeze it with your fingers to help. Some painters think this feature is also a good way to control water. Of course, for beginners, using ~ at first will really bring some trouble to work. ~ Because it is too soft, the elasticity is not satisfactory, especially after the water is squeezed out, any extrusion will deform the bristles and will not recover as quickly as mink brushes, but if the water is sufficient, the elasticity will be good. ~ brushes are generally large, and brushes that are too small are not suitable for painting. Most modern watercolor painters choose the big one, even the biggest one, to create freehand brushwork. At present, there are many methods and types of making brushes. Some pens are very good and can be used for accurate description. Some of them, like mop head, are very suitable for large-scale painting. You'd better wet the nib when choosing.
A Russian squirrel!
Russian-born black squirrels are also widely distributed, and also distributed in the northeast of China. It's a big squirrel with a tail of more than 50 centimeters. It has a long tail and thick hair, and the squirrel brush is based on its tail. Hair can be up to 6 cm long, which is very suitable for making large brushes. The color of ~ is dark brown or dark brown, and some ~ brushes are very black just after they are bought back. After using it for a year or two, they will find their colors lighter. Because the color is black, it is also mistakenly called sable hair by many people. Please correct it here. ~ Traditionally, the brush holder is hand-wound with copper wire, and some large manufacturers also make it with modern metal sleeves, such as Japan's Haohua Company. ~ is made into the best squirrel brush, because its hair is the longest, thinnest and straightest. At the same time ~ is also a very precious animal, and the wild ~ is still protected. Although squirrel hair has been artificially cultivated, its output is still not very high.
Canadian squirrel
Usually, art companies also produce another important soft brush, the gray Canadian squirrel brush. Canadian squirrel brush is relatively soft, with small waves on its hair, low water content, easy access to raw materials and low price. However, the price of some manufacturers ~ brushes is still very high, and their product descriptions point out that they are special brushes for painting watercolor. ~ it's silver-gray. A hair is not the same color, but gray.
ox hair
At that time, Zhang Daqian heard that the red mink brush made of cow's ear hair was the most precious in the west, so he collected cow's ear hair and made six brushes, two of which were given to Picasso. This shows the position of ~ in western writing brush.
However, ~ is not the most precious brush material. ~ generally taken from cow ear hair, where the hair is straight, supple and elastic. ~ also known as the substitute of mink hair, because it has good elasticity and strong water storage capacity, and the price is much cheaper than the former. For artists who consider the performance and price of brushes, ~ is indeed an ideal choice.
There are many grades of brushes, and the price and performance are different. Although the best brushes are much cheaper than mink brushes, they are still valuable. ~ excellent elasticity, but not as good as mink brush. Sometimes some brushes are soft, the nib is not sharp enough, it is difficult to draw very smooth lines, and it is easy to wear, and it will lose its peak state after a period of time. There is a kind of ~ brush-Cybertron brush, which is the highest level ~ brush. Made of dyed fine bovine hair, its performance (elasticity, water storage capacity, nib) is very close to that of mink brush. It is a substitute for real red mink brush, sometimes called red mink brush.