Traditional mulberry varieties mainly collect leaves and raise silkworms, which bear fruit late and have few mulberries, so it is difficult to develop and utilize them as fruits. After more than ten years' efforts, China agricultural researchers and researchers from other countries in the world combined modern biotechnology with traditional methods, and finally successfully selected a series of new mulberry varieties with large size, early fruiting and high yield, which made the large-scale planting of mulberry varieties a reality. Due to the short breeding time, the planting area in China is still very small, but its delicious taste and rich nutrition and health care functions are increasingly recognized and recognized by people, and it is gradually becoming a rising star in fruits, which also brings infinite business opportunities to fruit farmers. The best-performing mulberry varieties in China's production practice are introduced as follows:
1. seedless big 10 means big ten, seedless big 10, giant seedless big ten, Shen Yue big 10, etc. It is an early-maturing triploid variety with large leaves and high flower bud rate, with 5-6 single-bud fruits and 2.5-6.5 cm fruit length. The Huanghuai River Basin matured in early May, with a maturity of more than 30 days. Mulberry yield per mu is 1.500-2,000 kg, and mulberry leaves are about1.500 kg. Mulberry is suitable for fresh food and processing. The lowest temperature in South China and Central China in winter is not lower than minus 65438 0.5 degrees, which is suitable for planting in the open field and is the first choice for greenhouse. Dashi is the largest cultivated area in China and the most popular variety in the market. It is praised as "excellent fresh food" by fruit and mulberry experts of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences and is deeply loved by southerners.
2. Guo Hong 2? Medium-mature variety, with erect tree shape, slender and straight branches, small leaves and high flower bud rate, has 6-8 single-bud fruits, 3.5cm in length, 3-5g in diameter/kloc-0, purple-black, with seeds, total sugar 14.87% and total acid 65438. The Huanghuai River Basin matured in early May, with a maturity of more than 30 days. Mulberry yield per mu is 2000-2500 kg, and mulberry leaves 1500 kg. Good disease resistance, strong adaptability, dual-purpose fruit and leaf, fresh processing of mulberry. Both the north and the south can be planted in the open air, and it is also suitable for greenhouse planting, which is deeply loved by northerners.
3.8632? Hybrid varieties, early maturity. The tree is slightly developed, with thick and straight branches, few drooping branches and large leaves. The flower bud rate is extremely high. There are 4-5 single-bud fruits, the fruit length is 4.5-5.0 cm, the fruit diameter is 1.8-2.2 cm, the single fruit weight is 6-8 g, and the maximum is15 g. Mulberries are numerous and large, purple-black, with seeds, and the maturity of Huanghuai Valley is about 20 days. This variety is resistant to drought and cold. It grows well in the three northern regions and areas with serious desertification. Strong disease resistance and stress resistance, high yield and dual use of fruits and leaves. Mulberry is suitable for fresh food and processing, and has strong cold resistance. It can be planted in the open air or greenhouse in the north and south of China.
4. White Jade King? Medium-mature variety, with spreading tree shape, stout branches, slow growth, large leaves, high flower bud rate, fruit length of 3.5-4.0 cm, fruit diameter of about 65,438 0.5 cm, barrel shape, single fruit weight of 4-5 g, maximum of 65,438 00 g, milky white, multi-seed, juicy, sweet and rich in taste. A large fruit variety with strong adaptability, drought resistance and cold resistance, and both leaves and fruits. Mulberry is suitable for fresh food and processing, and can be planted in the open air or greenhouse in both north and south of China.
5. Fuji Red? Formerly known as Japanese sweet mulberry, it is a medium-mature variety introduced from Japan, with thick and straight branches, ordinary leaves, vigorous growth and high seed setting rate. There are 6-8 single-bud fruits, 3.5cm long, with a diameter of 1.5cm, weighing 4.2g, with a maximum of 7g, purple-black, seeds, high sugar content and sweetness. Strong disease resistance, wide adaptability, drought tolerance and cold tolerance, and can be planted all over China.
6. White pearl? Originally known as white pearl, I personally think that its fruit shape is not big, so it is more appropriate to call it white pearl. Introduced from Korea, the medium-mature variety has long and straight branches, small leaves, high flower bud rate, milky white fruit with seeds, fruit length1.5-2.5cm, fruit diameter 1. 1 cm, long barrel shape, single fruit weighing 3-5g, rich juice, strong sweetness and sweet taste. Strong adaptability, strong disease resistance, drought resistance and cold resistance, and can be planted in both north and south. Note that this variety needs male pollination at flowering stage, and 3% male plants should be bred (free of charge), otherwise the flower drop and fruit drop will be more serious. ? White pearl grows vigorously and has high yield, so it has certain advantages as a white variety.
7. Long fruit mulberry? Also known as Super Fruit Mulberry and Zijin Honey Mulberry, it is a newly introduced variety in Taiwan Province Province. The fruit shape is slender, the fruit length is 8- 12cm, the longest is 18cm, the fruit diameter is 0.5-0.9cm, the single fruit weight can reach 20g, the appearance is beautiful, the taste is good, the sugar content is high, the sugar content is 20%, and the yield per mu is 2500kg. Taiwan Province Changguosang is one of the most popular fruit mulberry varieties in the market in recent years, and it is an indispensable and precious variety in sightseeing picking gardens. It is suitable for outdoor planting in Huaihe River basin and its south area where the lowest temperature in winter is not lower than minus 5 degrees, and the benefit of greenhouse planting in the north is better.
8. Four Seasons Fruit Mulberry? The newly introduced variety in Taiwan Province Province has a slightly drooping tree shape, slender branches, small leaves, extremely short fruit stalks, a fruit length of 2.5 cm, a single fruit weight of 3.5-4.8 g, no seeds, and the habit of bearing fruit in all seasons. The yield is the largest in spring, and the yield in other seasons is about 65,438+05% of that in spring. In the whole year, the cumulative fruit yield per mu is 3000 Jin, with a maximum of 4000-5000 Jin. Mulberry in Taiwan Province Province has strong disease resistance, early fruiting and long picking period. You can pick fruits all year round. Sowing in that year, bearing fruit in that year, making profits in that year. Suitable for ordinary farmers to plant, but also suitable for the establishment of sightseeing picking gardens in the suburbs of cities. It is a promising fruit mulberry variety, which can be eaten fresh and processed. It is suitable for outdoor planting in Huaihe River basin and its south area with the lowest temperature not lower than minus 15 degrees in winter. The benefit of greenhouse planting in the north is better.
9.？ Longsang? Also known as Jiuqu Longsang, Yunlong Mulberry, Panlong Mulberry and Quzhi Mulberry. , is a landscaping and ornamental tree species, its branches naturally bend, which brings strong aesthetic effect and great ornamental value. Curved branches and green leaves set each other off, and red fruits adorn them, which has a unique style. It can also produce a large number of branches for making dried flowers and exquisite handicrafts. Longsang has strong ecological adaptability, poor soil resistance, waterlogging resistance, drought resistance, high temperature resistance and low temperature of -40℃. It can be cultivated in acidic and saline-alkali soil, with high transplanting survival rate, fast growth rate, strong germination and pruning resistance, and is suitable for open planting all over the country.
10. sang sang? Also known as weeping mulberry, a variety of mulberry, is a small deciduous tree with wide oval leaves and coarse teeth at the edge. Generally, strong seedlings are cultivated by grafting, so the adaptability is good. Branches are soft and drooping, with few branches and easy to form a tree shape. Its leaves are small and its branches are slender, reaching 200cm. Every time the breeze blows, the branches and leaves are fluttering and graceful, which is especially beautiful. The weeping mulberry has the same weeping branches as willow, the same tree capacity as Sophora japonica and the same drug effect as Ginkgo biloba. Whether planted on the street or in the courtyard, it is a new ornamental tree species for landscaping. The fruit yield is small, generally about 500 kilograms per mu.
1 1. Fruit mulberry in space? The latest scientific and technological achievements in aerospace breeding, fruit length 18-20cm, fruit diameter 1.2- 1.6cm, single fruit weight 18-22g, sugar content 22-26%, can be produced 3-6 times a year at suitable temperature.