Salt is one of the indispensable food in people's daily life, each person needs 6 to 10 grams of salt per day in order to maintain the normal activity of the human heart, to maintain a normal osmotic pressure and the balance of acid and alkali in the body, at the same time, salt is the carrier of saltiness, is the most used in the seasoning, known as the "ancestor of the flavors (king)". ". Salt not only increases the flavor of the dishes, but also promotes the secretion of gastric digestive juices, enhance appetite.

China's salt resources are very rich, salt-producing areas throughout the country, the output is also very large, not only to fully meet the needs of the domestic people's lives, but also to organize exports. China's production of salt is mainly sea salt, well salt, pool salt, mineral salt and so on.

Table salt according to the different degrees of processing, can be divided into raw salt (coarse salt), washing salt, remade salt (refined salt). Raw salt is made directly from seawater, salt well water salt crystals, in addition to sodium chloride, but also contains potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium sulfate, sodium sulfate and other impurities and a certain amount of water, so there is a bitter taste; scrubbed salt is the original salt (mainly sea salt) with saturated brine wash products; the original salt is dissolved, made into a saturated solution, by the removal of impurities, and then evaporated, so that the resulting salt that is, reproduced salt, reproduced salt impurities less, higher quality, crystal grains are refined salt. The quality is higher, the grain is powdery, white color, more as a dietary industry for cooking; in addition, there are artificial iodization of remanufactured salt, for some iodine-deficient places for dietary use.

Nutritional analysis

1. Salt seasoning, can be unctuous and fresh, get rid of the fishy taste, so that the food to maintain the original flavor of the raw materials;

2. Salt water has a bactericidal, preservation of preservation of preservation of antiseptic effect;

3. Used to clean wounds can prevent infection;

4. Sprinkled on food can be a short-term freshness, used to pickle the food can also be prevented from deteriorating;

5. Salt water can remove the skin surface keratin and dirt, so that the skin presents a tender, transparent and beautiful feeling, can promote the whole body skin metabolism, prevention and treatment of certain skin diseases, play a good self-care role.

Relevant people

The general population can eat

Hypertensive patients, patients with kidney disease, cataract patients, children should not eat more, edema people avoid eating.

Food Compatibility

1. Avoid eating with mango, so as not to induce jaundice;

2. Sugar garlic is generally not eaten with tonic.

Preparation guide

1. Because nowadays salt is added with iodine or zinc, selenium and other nutrients, it is advisable to add it to the dishes before they are ready to be served, so as to avoid evaporation of these nutrients by heat;

2. Chicken and fish dishes should be less salty because they are rich in monosodium glutamate, which has a fresh flavor and is salty in itself;

3. Cooking Add salt before cooking: that is, add salt before heating the raw materials, the purpose is to make the raw materials have a basic salty flavor, and contraction, in the use of deep-fried, popping, sliding distillation, slippery frying and other cooking methods can be combined with the batter, hanging paste, and add some salt, because this type of cooking method of the main ingredients are wrapped in a layer of paste, the taste shall not be entered, so it must be added to the cooking before the salt; In addition, some dishes can not be added to the cooking process of salt, such as steamed pork in lotus leaf powder, and so on, but also Must add salt before steaming, burning fish in order to make the fish meat is not broken, but also to first use salt or soy sauce to rub, but this salt method with less salt, the distance from the cooking time to be short;

4. cooking salt: this is the most important method of salt, in the use of fried, burned, boiled, stewed, simmered, slipped and other techniques of cooking, are to be added to the cooking of the salt, and then in the dishes are about to mature when the addition of salt, to reduce the salt on the osmotic pressure of the dishes, to maintain the tenderness and fluffiness of the dishes, the nutrients, and so on.

Food therapy

Salt is salty, cold, into the stomach, kidney, large intestine, small intestine meridian;

have a tonic heart moist, diarrhea and laxative, detoxification and vomiting, nourishing yin and cool the blood, swelling, pain, itching effect;

the main treatment of food in the epigastric region, abdominal distension and pain, phlegm in the chest, the two can not be passed, bleeding gums, sore throat, toothache, cataracts, ulcers, poisonous insect stings and other diseases.

Other related

In Greek mythology, laurel represents the "glory of Apollo". In Roman times, people used laurel to weave wreaths and crowns on the heads of the victors, so often heard the "poet's laurel", which refers to the victory crown. The laurel is also said to ward off evil spirits, so it is often used for decorations at Christmas. The leaves of bay laurel are often used in Western or Thai cuisine, whether in stews, soups, pickles, tea, all with a unique and charming aroma.

The seven things to do when opening a door: "firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy, vinegar, and tea" means that salt is a necessity for people. Song Dynasty great writer Su Shi poem, there is "is not the smell of Shaoliang forget taste, Erlai March food without salt. If you don't put some salt in the dish when you eat, even the delicacies of the sea are just like chewing wax. Salt is not only an important condiment, but also maintain the normal development of the human body indispensable substances. It regulates the balanced distribution of water in the body, maintains the osmotic pressure inside and outside the cells, participates in the formation of gastric acid, prompts the secretion of digestive juices, and enhances appetite; at the same time, it also ensures that the role of pepsin is necessary for the acidity and alkalinity, maintains the balance of acidity and alkalinity in the organism, and the normal circulation of body fluids. People do not eat salt can not, eat too little salt will also cause the body's sodium content is too low, the occurrence of loss of appetite, limb weakness, dizziness and other phenomena; in serious cases there will be anorexia, nausea, vomiting, accelerated heart rate, weak pulse, muscle spasms, fuzzy vision, reflexes weakened and other symptoms. In ancient times, the Netherlands, Sweden and other countries for those who violated the criminal law, it is stipulated in a period of time is not allowed to eat salt, as a punishment.

However, eating more salt is also harmful to the human body. Scientists have shown that the results of research: salt can make the human body "hydration", that is to say, salt on the water has some kind of adsorption, salt in the human body, the requirements of water is also a corresponding increase, so that too much water retention in the body, thus causing high blood pressure. Some people have investigated the eating habits of residents in the northern part of Tokyo, Japan, they eat an average of 25 grams of salt a day, people suffering from hypertension accounted for all residents of 30 to 40%; in other parts of the world, eat only 5 to 15 grams of salt a day, suffering from high blood pressure is only 8 to 10%; living in the Arctic Circle of the Eskimo people, eat less than 5 grams of salt a day, almost no suffering from high blood pressure. Therefore, experts recommend that adults eat salt every day, it is best not to exceed 12 grams.

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Salt is not more than enough!

According to a study by the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), at least 75,000 people in France suffer cardiovascular disease every year due to salt overdose, and 25,000 of them die as a result of the severity of the disease, a figure four times higher than the number of traffic deaths in France.

● Sodium is the culprit

The main component of salt is sodium chloride, chlorine, sodium and potassium are the main components of the body's electrolytes. Sodium and potassium, however, are like two evenly matched but counterbalancing comrades. Sodium in the extracellular, potassium in the intracellular, both *** with the defense of the body cells inside and outside the osmotic pressure, water and pH balance. Once the balance is disturbed, the sodium content increases, then it will cause harm to the body!

Salt-loving osteoporosis: Eating more salt is not only salty, but if you are addicted to food with a heavy taste, the "devil" in the salt will deplete the calcium in people's bones, and finally, people will lose their health and even their lives because of osteoporosis.

The devil in salt is sodium, which accounts for about 40% of the main components of salt and is a killer that leads to bone loss in humans; nutrition experts say that sodium usually causes women to lose about one percent of their bone mass every year, and women with high blood pressure lose their bone mass at a much faster rate than women with normal blood pressure.

In addition, according to statistics from the Osteoporosis Foundation of America, about 8 million women in the United States suffer from osteoporosis, and the number of people who die each year due to osteoporosis, such as hip fractures, is as high as 72,000 people.

Technically speaking, sodium itself is not useless; the body needs this mineral for nerve messaging and muscle contraction. Without proper supplementation, several functional problems can occur.

But the bad thing is that too much sodium can be harmful; the kidneys normally excrete used sodium in the urine every day, but for every 1,000 milligrams of sodium excreted, about 26 milligrams of calcium are lost. It seems to have no effect, but the more sodium the body needs to eliminate, the greater the consumption of calcium, and ultimately will affect the calcium necessary for bone health.

Salt out of the cold: many domestic and foreign experts believe that poor eating habits and cold close relationship. Excessive consumption of high-salt meals can lead to a reduction in salivary secretion, so that the oral mucosa edema, congestion, viral increase, easy to cause upper respiratory tract infections, and ultimately lead to colds. Excessive consumption of high-sugar meals can deplete the body of water and vitamins and other nutrients, causing dry mouth and tongue, so that the immune system is low, which in turn induces colds. Excessive consumption of high-fat diets such as cream, meat and broth can reduce the body's immune cells' ability to fight viruses, which can easily cause colds. In order to prevent colds, you should stay away from high salt, high sugar, high fat "three high" diet.

Taste heavy easy to suffer from gastric disease: gastric mucosa will secrete a layer of mucus to protect themselves, but the mucus is afraid of salt, if you eat too salty, day after day, the gastric mucosa of the protective layer is gone. Sweet, sour, bitter and spicy long drive, how can the delicate stomach stand it? Long-term will cause gastric ulcer, gastritis, and even stomach cancer.

Salt more wrinkles: France has a saying, called "beauty born in the mountains, not born in the sea." According to the French beautician explained, because women living in the sea usually intake of salt more, so the skin is easy to grow wrinkles, naturally affecting the beauty. While women in the mountains eat less salt and tend to have smooth and delicate skin.

Why is it easy to get wrinkles if you eat too much salt? French National Academy of Medicine website experts explained that salt in the form of sodium ions and chloride ions exist in human blood and body fluids, they play a very important role in maintaining the body's osmotic pressure, acid-base balance and water balance. If you eat too much salt, sodium ions increase in the body, it will lead to facial cell water loss, thus causing skin aging, over time will make the wrinkles increase.

Medical experts remind us that eating too much salt will not only cause high blood pressure, but also directly affect the appearance of people. A more scientific way to get better skin is to drink more water to help detoxify the skin.

● sodium from where

According to senior dietitian Wu Na, people in the cooking of salt, only one-fifth of the total sodium intake a day. The other fifth comes from natural foods, especially offal and shellfish. Vegetables, cereals and fruits are generally low in sodium. The rest comes from processed foods such as canned foods, instant noodles, and cured products such as sausage and ham. In addition, salt is contained in various condiments such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), soy sauce, oolong vinegar and concentrated condiments of various names.

Vuna speaks, because sodium can be obtained from natural foods, the average person is unlikely to have a deficiency. Only when the exercise or labor is large, sweating more, will be a lack of sodium. Sodium deficiency will appear fatigue, weakness, and even delirium. Instead, consuming too much sodium is a concern for modern people. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that adults eat 6 grams (about 2400 mg of sodium) of salt per day.

● Resist the temptation of salt

For your health, you have to start from the little things in life to block the temptation of salt.

1. Habit 2. You can switch to low-sodium salt when stir-frying. Low-sodium salt is mainly to halve the sodium ions within the salt and potassium ions to replace the heavy taste of the people because of the long-term stimulation of the taste buds relationship, all of a sudden reduce the salt may cause taste discomfort. In order to avoid affecting the appetite, can be used in cooking, instead of onion, ginger, garlic, nine layers of tartar and other spices to enhance the flavor, the taste will not be too big a difference to eliminate the short-term sense of discomfort, and in the long run, you can naturally develop the habit of using less salt. However, the increase of potassium can have the function of lowering blood pressure, protecting blood vessel walls, and reducing the risk of stroke and heart disease. Only patients with poor kidney function, uremia, and patients using potassium-preserving diuretics are absolutely not allowed to eat low-sodium salt. Because of the high potassium content in low-sodium salt, it will accumulate in the patient's body and cannot be discharged smoothly, which can easily cause hyperkalemia and the risk of arrhythmia and heart failure.

3. Eat more fruits: Most of the fruits are high in potassium and low in sodium, such as: bananas, grapes, raisins, oranges, apples, poppies, guava, dates, and other such foods that are rich in potassium ions, to achieve the health effect of controlling blood pressure.

4. When purchasing condiments (sauces) such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), ketchup, garlic salt, salsa, oyster sauce, miso, wasabi sauce, bean paste, sweet noodle sauce, tempeh, and shrimp oil, you must first look at the labeling outside the can to pay attention to the sodium content, or avoid things with high salinity, such as sauces, cured meats, salted fish, preserved meats, and canned foods.

5. Eat less pickled products and instant noodles: a 99 grams of ordinary cup noodles contain 7.8 grams of salt, and a packet of noodles with spicy sauce has more than 6 grams (labeled as containing 2,500 milligrams of sodium) of salt, which can easily be more than enough for a day's worth of salt.

6. Do-it-yourself is healthier. Restaurant meals are often flavored with higher levels of salt and MSG, so eating out should be avoided as much as possible.

7. Adopt cooking methods that are easy to maintain the original flavor of food, such as frying, baking, steaming, stewing, etc., to eat the true flavor of food.

8. Take advantage of the strong flavors of the vegetables themselves: e.g. peppers, tomatoes, onions, mushrooms, etc., and cook them together with lighter-flavored foods, such as scrambled eggs with tomatoes.

9. Appetizing with oil: Use the oil flavor of green onion, ginger, garlic, etc., which is produced by frying in oil, to increase the palatability of the food, such as green onion oil chicken.

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Properties taste salty, sex flat. Attributed to the stomach and kidney meridian. It can flavor and neutralize, benefit the kidney and moisten dryness.

Application

1. Lack of salt in the body after sweating or vomiting or diarrhea, nausea with little food, tiredness and dizziness. You can take this product with sugar in boiling water.

2. For kidney yin deficiency or kidney yang deficiency. Initiate this product into water and send kidney tonic medicines (such as Six-flavored Di Huang Pills, Kidney Qi Pills, etc.).

3. Used for yin deficiency and fire, dry and knotty stools. It can be taken on an empty stomach with lightly salted boiled water.

Use as a condiment, take in water.

Note that wheezing, edema, thirst, salt is a big no-no ("Compendium of Materia Medica") for patients with hypertension should also control the intake of salt.

Scientific salt

As the saying goes, "South sweet north salty", the north people eat too much salt has been a thing that can not be ignored, too much salt intake, easy to cause hypertension and other common diseases. So how to eat salt scientifically?

Salt is an essential flavor of the human diet, which contains the main component of sodium ions is the body's metabolic process of essential elements. However, medical science has confirmed that a daily intake of more than 6-7 grams of salt can lead to hypertension.

When we buy salt, we should buy the edible fine salt produced by the regular business, because fine salt is the use of advanced salt technology, after dissolution, brine clarification, evaporation, drying and other processes refined, reducing the content of magnesium, tungsten, sulfate ions and other chemicals that are not conducive to human health, but also reduces the impurities such as silt, with a high content of sodium chloride, white, dry, hygienic, It is characterized by high sodium chloride content, white, dry, hygienic, and not easy to dissolve after a long time.

At present, there are many health salts on the market, such as low-sodium, high-potassium, selenium-enriched, iodized, health salt is a better kind of edible salt.

Because potassium has the effect of maintaining the water balance in the body, maintaining the osmotic pressure and acid-base balance in the body, it can have the effect of preventing stroke attacks. Selenium can have obvious resistance to the toxicity of metal cadmium, mercury and arsenic, and can prevent elevated blood pressure and thrombosis in cardiovascular diseases, which has a certain health care effect on the heart. Potassium deficiency can cause decreased thyroid function and enlargement, decreased basal metabolic rate and vitality, the occurrence of endemic goiter disease, too much iodine can also cause goiter, the symptoms of toxic reaction.

The World Health Organization stipulates that the daily sodium intake of adults should be no more than 6 grams, but the intake of salt is often determined by taste, flavor and eating habits. China's salt intake has exceeded the normal physiological needs of 10-25 times, the normal daily intake of 35-40 grams of salt to cause acute poisoning, edema. In our daily life, we should develop good eating habits, eat a light diet, do not eat or eat less salted food, change the cooking method, reduce the intake of salt-flavored food, salt intake control in the daily 6 grams or less. If you have the conditions, you can use low-sodium, high-potassium, selenium-enriched, iodized health salt. This is a great way to get the most out of your life, and it's a great way to get the most out of your life.

Use salt:1. Salt water frozen fish does not dry

2. Salt wash vegetables to keep clean

3. Salt can make the yellow leaves of vegetables to return to the rate of return

4. Cold tomatoes should be put on the salt

Table salt is also a kind of luck

Table salt can avoid meat and other items to rot, and therefore become a synonym for immortality and eternal survival. Salt is believed to fight the devil and keep people safe from harm. Salt is among the four gifts Russians give to newborns to help ward off evil spirits. The Uyghurs in China even regard salt as a living creature, believing that it has supernatural powers to influence one's destiny.

In addition, salt has a special use in rainy and snowy weather to melt snow and to prevent slipping.

The role of salt in the cake

1, reduce the sweetness, so that it is palatable

Not add salt to the cake sweetness heavy, fatigue after eating, and salt not only reduces the sweetness, but also bring out other unique flavor.

2, can increase the internal whiteness

3, strengthen the structure of gluten

[Properties] Salty flavor, sex flat. It can flavor and neutralize, benefit the kidney and moisten dryness.

[Reference] Mainly sodium chloride, a small amount of impurities containing magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate and so on. Sea salt contains iodine.

Sodium chloride is the main component in maintaining osmotic pressure in the body. If you eat a salt-free diet for a long time, drink too much water after vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, or excessive diuresis and other causes of salt deficiency in the body, you can appear fatigue, dizziness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and even Chen contracted abdominal pain and other low-sodium syndromes.

[Usage] It is used for the lack of salt in the body or loss of water and salt, less food and nausea; stool dryness.

[Usage] Used as a condiment, boiled water to take, send kidney tonic pills.

[Note] "Wheezing, edema, thirst, salt is a big no-no." ("Materia Medica") Blood deficiency patients should also not. Patients with high blood pressure should also control the intake of salt.

Daily intake of salt in 5 ~ 10g, more appropriate for the human body. The salt content of daily food can meet the needs of the body, only in special circumstances, should pay attention to supplementation.

The physiological role of salt (sodium chloride)

Salt is indispensable in people's lives. The total amount of sodium ions in the adult body is about 60 g, of which 80% exists in the extracellular fluid, i.e., in the plasma and intercellular fluid. Chloride ions also exist mainly in the extracellular fluid. The physiological functions of sodium and chloride ions are as follows.

1. Maintaining the osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid

Na and Cl are the main ions that maintain the osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid; K and HPO4 are the main ions that maintain the osmotic pressure of the intracellular fluid. Of the total cations in the extracellular fluid, Na accounts for more than 90%, and of the total anions, Cl accounts for about 70%. Therefore, salt plays an important role in maintaining osmotic pressure, affecting the movement of water in the body.

2. Participate in the regulation of acid-base balance in the body

Sodium bicarbonate, formed by Na and HCO3, has a buffering effect in the blood. there is also a balance between Cl and HCO3 in the plasma and the blood red blood cells. when HCO3 permeates out of the blood red blood cells, the anions in the blood red blood cells are reduced, and Cl enters into the blood red blood cells in order to maintain the balance of the electrical properties. The reverse is also true. 3. Chloride ions are involved in the production of gastric acid in the body Gastric juice is strongly acidic, with a pH of about 0.9 to 1.5, and its main components are pepsin, hydrochloric acid, and mucus. Mural cells in the gastric body glands are capable of secreting hydrochloric acid. The mural cells put HCO3 into the bloodstream while secreting H into the gastric juice. At this point Cl enters the gastric juice from the blood via the mural cells to maintain electrical balance. How is it possible for such strong hydrochloric acid to be in the stomach without eroding the walls? Because there is a kind of mucus cells in the gastric body glands, the mucus secreted on the surface of the gastric mucosa to form a layer of mucus about l mm ~ 1.5 mm thick, this mucus layer is often referred to as the barrier of the gastric mucosa, in the acid attack, the gastric mucosa is not digested by peptic enzymes and the formation of ulcers. However, drinking alcohol can weaken the barrier effect of the gastric mucosa, often increasing the possibility of causing gastric ulcers. In addition, salt plays a role in maintaining normal nerve and muscle excitability. When there is a large loss of extracellular fluid (e.g., excessive bleeding, excessive sweating) or a lack of salt in the food, the amount of sodium ions in the body decreases, and potassium ions enter the bloodstream from the cells, and conditions such as thickening of the blood, low urination, and yellowing of the skin can occur. The human body's need for salt is generally 3 g ~ 5 g per person per day. due to different living habits and tastes, the actual salt intake varies greatly from person to person and from place to place, and the average person in our country eats about 10 g ~ 15 g of salt per day.

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