Category: Troubles
Problem description:
Recently our head teacher often loses his temper with us for no reason. We all hate it with itch. Some people say It's because Lao Ban has reached menopause.
Analysis:
Menopause usually refers to the transitional stage of women from fertile to infertile, and also refers to the period before and after menopause. , generally determined to be 40 to 60 years old. Generally, menopause must last for 12 consecutive months to be considered menopausal. Natural menopause at or after the age of 40 is called physiological menopause, menopause after the age of 55 is called "late menopause", menopause before the age of 40 is called "early menopause", and early menopause may be pathological menopause.
So, why do women have menopause?
1. The lack of discharge of mature follicles from the ovaries is the direct cause of menopause.
The ovaries are female gonads. Their main functions are to ovulate and secrete estrogen, maintaining menstrual cycles, fertility and female sexual characteristics. Undeveloped follicles in the ovary are called primordial follicles. There are more than 100,000 primordial follicles in the ovaries of female newborns. Only about 400 to 500 follicles mature during a lifetime, and the rest degenerate on their own. When a woman is around 50 years old, the primordial follicles in her ovaries are almost exhausted. Moreover, after decades of vicissitudes, even if the primordial follicles survive, their sensitivity to pituitary hormones has significantly decreased, making it difficult for them to mature and produce sufficient amounts of pituitary hormones. of estrogen and progesterone, eventually leading to menopause and menopause.
2. Genes control the number of primordial follicles in a woman's ovaries. The number of primordial follicles is determined by genetic genes, and there are certain family differences. Therefore, the age of women's menopause may vary sooner or later. Whether primordial follicles can develop and mature depends on various acquired environmental factors, such as age at menarche, marital status, nutrition, pregnancy and childbirth, lactation, contraceptive pills, smoking, exercise, occupation, physical fitness, climate, altitude, race, and economic status. and other factors. The age of female menopause is determined by genetic genes, which are determined by the force of natural selection during evolution. The biological characteristics that are retained or enhanced by selection must increase the number of offspring carrying these genes. However, menopause will reduce the number of children a woman has. Why are such genes preserved? The depletion and weakness of primordial follicles is the direct cause of female menopause. The question is why does natural selection arrange for women's primordial follicles to gradually become exhausted or lack vitality in their 40s? Why can’t the age at which menopause begins gradually move back so that it disappears again? Such women can have more offspring. In fact, primordial follicle depletion is only the direct cause of female menopause, not the ultimate cause. Evolutionary reasons are the ultimate cause of menopause in women around the age of 50.
3. Menopause is a result of increased human lifespan. During the more than 7 million years of human evolution, only a very small number of people, male or female, can live beyond the age of 40. It is natural for genes to terminate reproduction after the age of 40 (controlling the number of primordial follicles). The extension of human life span is only a matter of the past few decades. If humans are given enough time (such as 10,000 years), humans can evolve any suitable biological characteristics. The result of human evolution is often to delay rather than accelerate aging. However, the aging of reproductive organs prolongs a woman's life. Natural selection during the evolution process will reach a balance between maintaining the body and reproducing offspring. In a very backward social environment, if you have too many children, your life span will be shortened, and if you control your fertility, your life span will be longer. Women in modern society either do not have children or only have one child, and their life span has been significantly extended. The price is to suffer from menopause. Any benefits must be paid at a certain price.
4． Menopause reduces fertility risks for older women. Even in wealthy 20th-century Western societies, a woman over 40 was seven times more likely to die in childbirth than a 20-year-old mother. In addition, babies born to older women are less likely to survive and be healthy. The older a woman gets, the more children she raises, and the more energy she spends caring for her children, the more risks she faces with each subsequent birth. Older mothers have fewer benefits and greater risks. Having fewer children may allow more children to survive.
5. The onset of menopause may be beneficial in maximizing the number of children. The risk of pregnancy for an elderly woman is very high, and the chance of her children surviving healthily is very small. On the contrary, her young children are at the best childbearing age, and their children have a higher survival rate. Rather than taking great risks to have children, it is better for older women to have children. To help their young children take care of the children, although it sacrifices personal interests, it is conducive to the reproduction of the race.
Menopausal women can spend most of their time (7 hours a day) gathering food, while young girls and newlyweds can only spend about 3 hours a day. In addition, the rewards of labor will increase with age and practical experience. Menopausal women no longer have minor children to feed and are able to distribute food to their grandchildren. Whether it is more beneficial for a woman to go through menopause or to remain fertile will become clear once we lay out the profit and loss statements for both parties.
6. Menopausal women are crucial to the survival and reproduction of primitive tribes.
Most modern people obtain information through books, television, or newspapers. In primitive societies before the advent of writing, the sparse number of elderly people was regarded as a treasure trove of information and practical experience. They were the library of the entire tribe and the influence of the entire tribe. Survival is crucial because the elderly can clearly remember the last natural disaster and can lead the entire tribe safely through the famine. These elderly people are often postmenopausal women, and men have less chance of living to this age than women.
7. Why do modern women experience early menopause? Nowadays, many women suffer from menopausal syndrome around the age of 35, which is called hidden menopause in academic circles. There may be several reasons: First, the age of menarche for modern women has advanced, with an average age of 12.5 years old, while the average age of menarche for women in primitive societies was 19 years old. Second, fertility is reduced, because during the several years of pregnancy and breastfeeding, the ovaries do not ovulate, which saves a lot of follicles. Third, the accelerated pace of life, extreme mental stress, lack of vitamins and trace elements, and reduced physical activity, coupled with obesity, chronic diseases and other reasons, reduce the sensitivity of primordial follicles to pituitary hormones, increase the number of atretic follicles, and increase the number of mature follicles. Reduce and, therefore, advance the age of menopause.
8. Women should receive women's health care for menopause in advance in order to delay the age of menopause and improve the quality of life of menopausal women. Although genetic genes control the number of primordial follicles, environmental factors determine the number of mature follicles. Therefore, the age of menopause can be delayed by improving environmental factors, such as strengthening exercise, improving nutrition, improving marital quality, maintaining psychological balance, quitting smoking, Improve career status, enhance physical fitness, lose weight, etc. Women's health care for menopause must not start after the onset of menopausal syndrome, but should start around the age of 30. At the same time, estrogen levels are measured twice a year to obtain a normal basic level, which is used as a reference value to guide menopausal hormone replacement therapy. The principle of supplementing what is lacking can keep female hormones at normal levels and improve hormone replacement therapy. effectiveness and safety.