From the end of August to the middle of September, the seeds of Ma Lian have matured. Select the mother plant that grows vigorously. Cut the ear with scissors, dry it, pat it gently to separate the peel from the seed, remove impurities, and store it in a low temperature and dry place indoors. The seed collection time should not be too late, otherwise the seed coat will crack, the seeds will pop up and it will be difficult to harvest on the ground. In the middle and late April, take out the sun-dried Ma Lian seeds, soak them in warm water at 45℃ 1 day, mix them with 3 times of wet sand after taking out, spread them out, cover them with plastic film, and keep the temperature at 25 ~ 30℃ and turn them over 3 ~ 4 times a day. The water content of sand should be replenished in time. After 15 ~ 20 days, the seeds of13 were sown when exposed.

2. Soil preparation and sowing

In autumn, combine deep ploughing and apply 5000 kg of high-quality base fertilizer per mu. After the soil is thawed in early spring, shallow ploughing 1 time before sowing, and applying compound fertilizer 10 kg per mu. Combined with shallow tillage in early spring, 5% phoxim granules were mixed with fine sand and applied to soil to kill insects. The dosage per mu is 2 kg. After shallow tillage, the clods are broken and leveled to make a border with a width of 4 meters and a length of 6 meters. Irrigation before sowing 1 week 1 time. The sowing date is the first half of May, and the ground temperature reaches 65438 00℃. Ma Lian seeds are evenly sown in the ditch by drilling holes, with a spacing of 30cm, a banner of 5cm and a depth of1~ 2cm. The seed consumption is 15 kg/mu. Cover soil thickness 1 cm, and then suppress. The seeds are unearthed about 1 month. During this period, according to the soil moisture, a small amount of water was sprayed on the soil surface to meet the water demand of seed germination.

3. Seedling management

Ma Lian basically does not need irrigation during the whole growing season after emergence, unless it is particularly dry. In late autumn, the frozen water is poured twice before the soil is frozen, and the germination water is poured 1 time in the following spring. Tillage and weeding for 2 ~ 3 times in the growing season. After turning yellow in autumn, burn the aboveground parts on windy days, or cut them off before frost. In addition to the above farming, seedlings over 3 years old are sprayed with 2 tons/mu of decomposed organic fertilizer every February. Combined with irrigation before germination in early spring, compound fertilizer 15 kg was applied per mu. There are many tillers in Ma Lian every year. The plants are getting bigger and bigger, and the clusters are getting denser and denser. When they are too dense, some of them can be properly thinned or divided to make the density appropriate. Transplants are mainly carried out in spring and autumn. Due to the dry and cold winter climate in the north, transplanting in spring is more suitable. Transplanting nursery seedlings in nutrient pots can be carried out throughout the growing season.