The principle of distillation is that the relative volatility between the components in the system to be separated is small (lt; 1.05~1.10), so high-efficiency precision packing is used to separate and purify the components to be separated.

Distillation is a separation process that uses the different volatilities of each component in a mixture to separate each component. Commonly used equipment include plate distillation towers and packed distillation towers. The principle and equipment flow of precision distillation are the same as those of ordinary distillation, except that the relative volatility between the components in the system to be separated is small (lt; 1.05~1.10), so high-efficiency precision packing is used to achieve the separation of the components to be separated. Separation and purification.

Iomers often coexist in natural essential oils, which are raw materials for the production of isolated fragrances. For example, citronella coexists in natural essential oils such as geranium oil, rose oil, and palmarosa oil. Alcohol and rose alcohol are optical isomers. The boiling point difference of these isomers is relatively small, and it is difficult to effectively separate such isolated spices using a general distillation process. Therefore, precision distillation is widely used in the production of isolated spices.

Classification of distillation trays

1. According to the tray structure, there are bubble cap plates, sieve plates, float valve plates, mesh plates, tongue plates, etc. The earliest applications in history were bubble cap towers and sieve tray towers. Around the 1950s, float valve trays were developed. The most widely used ones are sieve plates and valve trays, and other different types of trays are also used. Some new trays or improved versions of traditional trays are also being developed and researched.

2. According to the flow mode of gas-liquid two-phase, there are cross-flow trays and counter-flow trays, or trays with downcomers and trays without downcomers. Trays with downcomers are widely used because they have high mass transfer efficiency and a wide operating range; counterflow trays without downcomers are also often called cross-flow trays, and both gas and liquid phases are composed of The holes in the tray pass through. The tray structure is simple and the entire tray area is fully utilized.

3. According to the liquid flow type, there are single manifolds, double manifolds, U-shaped manifolds and other manifolds (such as four-manifolds, ladder-shaped, circular manifolds, etc.).

Reference for the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Distillation