Mostly Chinese medicine!

Toxic flowers

Oleander

Dieffenbachia

Nandina

Narcissus

Mimosa

Tulip

Azalea

Poinsettia

Poppy< /p>

Maixianweng

Cactus

Tiger thorn plum

Winter coral

Goldenrod

Tuberose

Bauhinia

Lycoris

Delphinium

Five-Colored Plum

Turtle Back bamboo

Pinellia

Calla lily

Wisteria

Rose flower

Lily

Pine and Cypress

Orchid

Bachelor Tree

Lilac

Monstera

Overlord Whip

Coral Flower

Blue Purple Wood

Yellow Cicada

Geranium

Jade Lilac

Elder

Coral Bean

Swallow Palm

Zhuangyuan Red

Unicorn Thorn

Milkweed

Maiyanweng

Brokenroot

Fishtail

Cat's Eye Grass

Kansui

Continued Sui Zi

Thousand Root Grass

Cocktail Wood

Jie Xiang

Astragalus Flower

Wolfsbane

Bitter Almond

Hainan Trichosanthes

Hard pod tree

Trichosanthes trispermum

Change-leaf wood

Stone millet

Shegan

Iris

Tiehaitang

Alpine snow

Zeqi

False Forsythia

Pig Pain

Sumu

Agarwood

Brother Wang

Achyranthes achyranthes

Trichosanthes hainanensis

Scissor root

Daphne genkwa

Huosaile

Wood oil Tung

Tung tree

Chinese tallow tree

Chinese tallow tree

Datura

Golden fruit olive

Croton

Broad-leaved Scorpion Grass

Dieffenbachia Dieffenbachia

Multi-lobed Jatropha

White-flowered Datura< /p>

Clematis with yellow flowers

Croton croton

Broad-leaved kiwi fruit

Small-leafed wood

Yellow edamame Fu Chai

Bee-waisted Ficus

Cardinal Coral

Iris

Plumbago

Daphne slenderis

Blue Purple Wood

Red Bud Euphorbia

Milkweed

Red Impatiens

Guangqian Grass

Croton trichocarpa

Croton croton

Mountain croton

Croton thorn

Silver-backed fern

Chinese tallow tree < /p>

See blood and seal throat

Red-backed osmanthus

Hydrangea

Lobelia

Tiehaitang

Poisonous plants generally refer to plants that contain substances that are toxic to humans and animals. These toxic substances, including biological agents, carbohydrates, organic acids, volatile oils, etc., may cause some physiological abnormalities after ingestion, such as spasm, paralysis, coma, difficulty breathing, asthma, shock, vomiting, abdominal pain, and skin redness, swelling and inflammation. , organ hemorrhage and necrosis, etc., or even death.

Among the poisonous plants, some are poisonous to the whole plant, some are poisonous to the roots, and some are poisonous to the branches, leaves, flowers, melon stems, fruits, seeds, and sap.

The sites where toxic substances act may be the nervous system, respiratory system, immune system, skin and mucous membranes or other organs.

Some symptoms may only appear after direct consumption, while others may only require inhalation of pollen or skin contact to cause poisoning.

Many poisonous plants have different economic significance, such as being used as medicines, pesticides, and ornamentals. Especially when it comes to medicinal purposes, as the saying goes: "There is no medicine without poison." The key is to use it appropriately and in appropriate amounts.

On the other hand, eco-tourism and outdoor activities have been booming in recent years. If you can increase your understanding of poisonous plants and take precautions during outdoor activities, you will definitely reduce the chance of accidents. Below are some examples of poisonous plants commonly found in the countryside of Hong Kong.

Heartwort

It is said that in China, there are as many as 16 species of plants in 9 families, 13 genera and 13 genera. One of them can be found in Hong Kong, Gelsemium elegans, also known as Gelsemium elegans. This plant is highly poisonous throughout and is one of the four most poisonous weeds in Hong Kong. It can cause dizziness, severe pain in the throat and abdomen, foaming at the mouth, heart and respiratory failure and death. It is said that chewing just three leaves can kill a person, but when used in moderation, it can cure pig fever and promote smooth coat color. In addition, it is also used externally in traditional Chinese medicine to treat skin eczema, athlete's foot, leprosy and other diseases.

Milkweed

Also known as Asclepias curassavica, the whole bead is poisonous, and the milk is particularly toxic. Ingestion can cause dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, and then cold limbs. , irregular pulse, coma and death. However, because it has flowers almost all year round and the colors are pleasing to the eye, it is often cultivated for ornamental purposes; it is also cultivated to feed butterflies. In addition, its milk can cure eczema and ringworm, the seed hairs in the fruit can cure trauma and bleeding, and the roots can be used as emetics and laxatives; the leaves have been found to inhibit nasopharyngeal cancer cells.

Plumbago zeylanica

Pounding the roots and leaves of Plumbago zeylanica and applying it externally can treat bruises, but external application for a long time can cause skin inflammation, redness, swelling and blisters. Accidental ingestion may cause vomiting, gastrointestinal bleeding, respiratory and circulatory system failure. But medicinally, it has the effects of dispelling wind, relieving pain, dispersing blood stasis and reducing swelling.

Lantana camara blooms in all seasons, and the whole bead has a strong smell. Branches, leaves and unripe fruits are poisonous. Ingestion may cause chronic liver poisoning. Overdose may cause dizziness, vomiting, shortness of breath, coma and other symptoms. But the root can cure colds and high fever; the branches and leaves can be used externally to treat bruises; the flowers can cure tuberculosis and coughing up blood.

Lobelia

Lobelia chinensis blooms in summer and autumn. Mistaken use can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache and diarrhea; in severe cases, blood pressure may drop, lethargy, and breathing may occur. Difficulty, heart paralysis, and death. However, it can be used medicinally to reduce swelling and detoxify, and can treat gastric cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, poisonous snake bites and other diseases. There is a folk saying, "If you have Lobelia at home, you dare to sleep with a snake", which can prove its snake medicine effect.

Ligustrum sinense

Accidentally eating the fruits of Ligustrum sinense can cause diarrhea or even death. However, its liquid can be used for skin disinfection, allowing the burned wound surface to quickly form a scab to protect the wound. It can also inhibit bacteria and sterilize, remove saprophysis and promote muscle growth.

Planting appropriate plants at home will not harm health, but is beneficial to the human body. Associate researcher Zeng Songjun of the South China Botanical Garden of the South China Institute of Botany, who has long been engaged in flower research, said that as for some people who have mentioned that some poisonous flowers may produce toxic Pollen, toxic dust, and even harmful volatile substances are generally not harmful to most people as long as they are not overdosed.

As we all know, planting flowers and grass can purify the air and regulate temperature. Of course, some poisonous plants will produce some toxic substances, especially allergic pollen, and even harmful volatile gases. However, just like sunlight radiation, excessive amounts can cause skin damage. cancer, while moderate amounts of sunlight exposure are beneficial to the human body. The same goes for flowers and plants, as long as they are in moderation there is no problem. Whether the human body will be affected by harmful substances secreted by flowers and plants is also related to the individual's body resistance. Of course you can put it in the bedroom. As long as you don't "hurt" it, it won't "retaliate" against us humans.

In fact, the vast majority of plants are harmless to the human body. According to a survey by American MD Wei Naweisi, 97% of the 368 kinds of flowers usually planted at home are beneficial to human health. Especially those flowers with fragrance can help people prevent and treat diseases. For example, white orchids and white chrysanthemums can clear away lung heat, and roses and osmanthus can refresh the brain. However, in the diverse plant kingdom, some plants do contain mild toxins, but they are not necessarily carcinogenic, such as the juice of oleander, the white emulsion of poinsettia, etc. Some people are also allergic to pollen, and symptoms vary depending on the individual's body immunity. the difference. Therefore, it is recommended that when planting flowers, citizens should choose flowers that they like and are harmless. They should not plant too many flowers indoors and pay attention to maintaining air circulation. (Reporter Jing Xiaohua)

The common poisonous flowers in daily life mainly include the following types. Parents should make it clear to their children that they cannot pick or bite them casually to avoid poisoning and harming the body.

Oleander: stems, leaves and even flowers are poisonous. The milky white sap it secretes contains a kind of oleandrin, which can be poisonous if ingested. When viewing this flower, avoid contact with the white sap secreted from the flowers, stems and leaves.

Oleander Nerium indicum Mill．

Other names:

Oleander, Oleander;Rosebay.

Oleander

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Scientific name: Nerium indicum Mill.

English name: dogbane oleander

Family name: Apocynaceae

An upright shrub, up to 5 meters high. The leaves are whorled with 3-4 leaves, often opposite at the lower part of the branches, linear-lanceolate to long-tegumentate, 7-15 cm long and 1-3 cm wide. The midrib is protruding on the back, and the lateral veins are dense and parallel. The edges are slightly rolled. The flowers are red (cultivars have white flowers), often double, fragrant, and the follicles are 10-20 cm long; there are yellow-brown seed hairs on the top of the seeds. The flowering and fruiting period is from April to December.

It is often cultivated as an ornamental plant in gardens everywhere.

Stem bark fiber is an excellent raw material for blending; the leaves and stem bark are highly toxic and should be used with caution when used in medicine, decoction or grinding. It can strengthen the heart, diuresis, relieve asthma and relieve pain. Trial for heart failure, wheezing and coughing, epilepsy, swelling and pain due to bruises, etc. It can also be used to make pesticides, which can be fatal to humans and animals if eaten by mistake. This species has strong resistance to toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide and chlorine. The roots and bark contain cardiac glycosides and phenolic crystalline substances and a small amount of essential oils.

Form:

A large evergreen shrub, hairless. The leaves are in whorls of 3-4, and the lower part of the branches are opposite. The leaves are narrow-lanceolate, 11-15cm long and about 2cm wide. The lateral veins are flat, dense and parallel. The cymes are terminal; the flowers are upright; the corolla is white, fragrant, and double-petaled; the secondary corolla is scaly, about 2cm in diameter; the top of the seeds has yellow-brown seed hairs. The flowering period is almost all year round, with peaks in summer and autumn, and the fruiting period is winter and spring.

Distribution and habitat:

It is cultivated in all provinces and regions in mainland China. Originated in Iran.

Toxic parts: whole plant. The smoke from burning branches and leaves is also highly toxic.

Toxic ingredients:

Rich in a variety of cardiac glycosides, mainly found in leaves, stem bark and roots. Currently, more than 20 kinds have been isolated, which are composed of digoxin Digitoxigenin, oleandrigenin, uzarigenin, adynerigenin, nerlagenin, etc. are composed of different sugars, among which the main ones are digitoxigenin. Oleandrin A, glucoside nicoside, gentiobiose oleandrin A, etc.

In addition, it also contains pregnenolone gincoside, pregnane, neridienone A, sugar alcohol L-(+)-bornesitol and rubber Inositol (damhonitol), plumericin (Plumericin), flavonoids, triterpenes, sterols, etc.

Toxicity:

Poisonous. Oleander can induce cancer. However, its leaves, skin, flowers and fruits contain a highly toxic substance called bamboo fungus, which can easily induce cancer of the respiratory tract and digestive system if exposed to too much. Leaves, bark and roots are poisonous. The bark is more toxic when fresh than the leaves, which becomes less toxic after drying, and the flowers are less toxic.

The toxic effects are: 1. Directly stimulates the myocardium to increase contractility, causing extra ventricular contraction or ventricular fibrillation, and atrioventricular conduction block. 2. Excites the medulla oblongata center and increases the function of the vagus nerve, thereby slowing down the heartbeat and increasing myocardial tension, leading to sinus arrhythmia, incomplete or complete heart block, and cardiac arrest. 3. Stimulate the contraction of smooth muscles in the intestines, stomach and sub-organs, causing nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and miscarriage. 4. Enhance vasoconstriction, causing small capillaries to become congested and even bleed, especially internal organs, which often appear dark red.

Oleandroside is the main cardiac component in oleander leaves. Its toxicological properties are similar to digoxin, with less accumulation and high oral absorption rate. , has strong biological activity. The intravenous MLD of pigeons is 0.368 mg/kg, the dog is 0.135 mg/kg, the cat LD50 is 0.18 mg/kg, and the intravenous LD50 of oleander disaccharide K for cats is 2.29 mg. /kg, oleandrin K is 4.735mg/kg, oleandrin D is 0.594mg/kg.

Clinical manifestations:

Incubation period:

In the early stage after poisoning, gastrointestinal symptoms are the main symptoms, including loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Then cardiac symptoms appear, including palpitations, slow and irregular pulse, premature contractions, sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular block, ventricular or atrial tachycardia on the electrocardiogram, and neurological symptoms including salivation, dizziness, and paralysis. Saliva and numbness of limbs. Severe cases include dilated pupils, bloody stools, lethargy, convulsions and death. Symptoms of animal poisoning are similar. After cattle poisoning, severe cases include cold skin, dilated pupils, cessation of appetite and rumination, increased heart palpitations, diarrhea, rapid pulse, and sudden death. The autopsy revealed flowing blood fluid in the gastrointestinal tract, congestion and bleeding in the mucosa, and bleeding spots on the endocardium.

First aid treatment:

1. Gastric lavage and catharsis: Gastric lavage can be performed within 6 hours after eating. 0.5% tannic acid or 1:2000 potassium permanganate solution can be used. In the middle and late stages, laxatives can be taken for diarrhea.

2. Give potassium chloride: 2g for those who can take it orally, once every 2 hours. If you urinate a lot, you can give it 3 to 6 times. Mild poisoning of thinking ability 3 times a day. For severe cases or those who cannot take the medicine orally, 2g of potassium chloride can be infused intravenously, or 1.5~2g of potassium chloride injection can be mixed with 500ml of 10% glucose solution. Slow intravenous infusion. Intravenous infusion should be avoided in patients with renal insufficiency. Sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular block, potassium salts are relatively contraindicated. If hypokalemia does exist, it should be administered with caution.

3. Treat arrhythmia.

4. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy: Egg white, tea, and sugar water can be given by gavage to enhance excretion; talc, smilax, saposhnikovia, raw licorice, ginger, angelica, raw rehmannia, etc. can be decoctioned.

Dieffenbachia:

Dieffenbachia

·Dieffenbachia·

Classification: Dieffenbachia genus of Araceae.

Distribution and characteristics: Origin: South Africa. Perennial evergreen shrubby herb. The plant height is about 1 meter, with strong and upright stems, large leaves, dark green and bright on both sides, with many irregular white or light yellow patches. There are many horticultural varieties, such as Dieffenbachia alba, Dieffenbachia alba, etc.

Propagation method: propagation by cuttings.

Management points: It likes high temperature, high humidity, and semi-shady environment, and requires loose, fertile soil with good drainage. It is better to use mixed loam soil of 60% leaf mold soil, 30% sand, and 10% fertilizer for potting.

The main growth period is from April to August. Pay attention to keeping it moist and spray water on the leaves or irrigate the ground. Fertilize once a month. In autumn, avoid exposure to the hot sun. Overwinter, keep indoors warm and control watering to prevent root rot. The lowest temperature should not be lower than 5℃.

Ornamentation and application: Dieffenbachia has white or yellow spots on its green leaves and bright colors, making it a good indoor foliage potted plant.

Dieffenbachia belongs to the family Araceae and the genus Dieffenbachia (genus Dieffenbachia). It is the most common species in the genus Dieffenbachia.

Origin and habits: Originated in Brazil. The minimum temperature for overwintering Dieffenbachia in northern greenhouses shall not be lower than 14°C. When the temperature drops to 7°C, the leaves will fall off and die (others are the same as that of Dieffenbachia in June).

Morphological characteristics: Dieffenbachia is a perennial evergreen shrub-like herbaceous plant. The stem is strong and upright; the leaves are oblong to oblong-lanceolate, with smooth tips and green tips. They often gather on the top of the stem, 15 to 30 cm long and about 15 cm wide, with irregular white or light yellow patches and bright colors.

The propagation and management techniques of Dieffenbachia are the same as those of Dieffenbachia in June. It is worth mentioning that the sap from the leaves and stems of Dieffenbachia plants is poisonous and can cause severe swelling and pain when ingested.

The flowers and leaves of Dieffenbachia contain oxalic acid and asparagus, and the liquid in its branches and leaves contains toxic alkaloids, which can cause itching and dermatitis when touching human skin. If swallowed by mistake, it will cause swelling and pain in the mouth, throat, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract, and even damage the vocal cords, making people dumb.

Nandina

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Scientific name: Nandina domestica Thunb.

English name: Common Nandina, Heavenly Bamboo

Family name: Berberidaceae

Evergreen shrub, tall About 2 meters; stems upright, rarely branched, young branches often red. Pinnately compound leaves are alternate, and all levels of pinnae are opposite. The smallest pinnae has 3-5 leaflets, of which 3 are more. The leaflets are leathery, nearly sessile, oval-lanceolate, apex acuminate, base Broad wedge-shaped, entire edge, 3-10 cm long, dark green, often turning red in winter, smooth and hairless on both sides. The panicle is terminal, 20-35 cm long; the flowers are white; the sepals and petals are multiple whorls, 3 in each whorl, the outer whorl is smaller, ovate-triangular, and the inner whorl is larger, ovoid; ovary has 1 chamber, with 2 ovules. pellets. The berries are spherical, bright red, occasionally yellow; the seeds are hemispherical. The flowering period is from May to July, and the fruiting period is from August to October.

It is native to my country and Japan and is now widely cultivated for ornamental purposes.

The whole plant is used for medicinal purposes, and the fruit is an antitussive; the roots, branches and leaves can strengthen muscles and activate muscles, relieve inflammation and detoxify; the seeds contain fatty oil; the wood is hard and can be used as a material for small carvings. The fruit contains alkaloids such as diroblastine and nandinine, and glucose; the leaves contain tannins and proteins; and the bark contains berberine, etc. It likes a warm, humid and well-ventilated environment. Neutral loam with good drainage is the most suitable soil. The main propagation method is division, and cuttings can also be used.

Also known as Tianzhu, the whole plant is poisonous and mainly contains dicarine, diroside, etc. If ingested by mistake, it can cause poisoning symptoms such as convulsions, spasms, and coma throughout the body.

Daffodil

Also known as "Lingbo Fairy", it also contains lycorine, which is toxic to the human body. The juice of flowers and leaves can make the skin red and swollen. Ingestion can cause vomiting, diarrhea, cold hands and feet, shock, and in severe cases, death due to central anesthesia. Narcissus flower heads contain lacodin, which can cause enteritis, vomiting or diarrhea if eaten accidentally. The juice of the leaves and flowers can make the skin red and swollen.

Darcissus

--Lingbo Fairy

Narcissus is one of the top ten famous flowers in my country. It is a good gift among Chinese people. Every New Year, people I like to use water fairies to decorate them as new year flowers. Because narcissus only needs clean water and does not need soil for cultivation. Its roots are like silver threads, spotless; its leaves are green and vivid; its flowers are like marigold silver stands, elegant and graceful, delicate and beautiful, white and lovely, fragrant and fragrant, and have a long flowering period. This precious flower has traveled all over the country and across the oceans, and has long been famous throughout the world.

She brought the spring of our country, the friendship and beautiful wishes of our people, and won the reputation of "Zhangzhou has as many narcissus as the world has ever seen".

Chinese narcissus belongs to the family Lithospermaceae, and narcissus is a perennial herbaceous plant. The bulbs look like onions and garlic, so it was called "Ya Garlic" in the Six Dynasties and "Tian Cong" in the Song Dynasty. After that, people gave her many clever and beautiful names, such as Jinzhan, Yintai, Lilan, Yake, Actress, etc. There are many beautiful folk stories and legends about daffodils here.

It is said that during the Song Dynasty, a Fujian official from Beijing retired to his hometown. When he returned south by boat and was about to return to his hometown of Zhangzhou, he saw an aquatic plant growing by the river with fragrant flowers blooming. I asked people to collect some small white flowers and bring them back for cultivation. According to the "Genealogy of the Zhang Family in Cai Ban Township", during the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty, their ancestor Zhang Guanghui was working as an academic official in Kyoto. One winter, he took leave to return to his hometown. He crossed the Jishui River in Jiangxi Province and found that there were green leaves and flowers on the water near the shore. The yellow-white, fragrant wildflowers were picked up on Cai boards and cultivated into new flowers to be passed down.

Legend has it that Chongming Narcissus comes from Fujian. It was during the Tang Dynasty that Empress Zetian wanted all flowers to bloom in her imperial garden at the same time. The flower god in heaven did not dare to disobey the order. Of course, the six Narcissus sisters from Fujian were no exception and were forced to go west to Chang'an. The little sister did not want to bloom for the Queen alone, so she only passed by the mouth of the Yangtze River. When she saw a piece of pure land in the middle of the river, she quietly slipped down to Chongming Island. Therefore, one of the five narcissus flowers blooms in Fujian, and one narcissus blooms in full bloom in Chongming.

According to Greek mythology, Narcissus was originally a beautiful man who did not love any girl. But once, when he drank water from a mountain spring and saw his own shadow in the water, he fell in love with himself. When he threw himself into the water and embraced his shadow, his soul separated from his body and turned into a beautiful narcissus...

Narcissus has been noticed and loved as early as the Song Dynasty. "Zhangzhou Prefecture Chronicles" records: When Zheng He went to Southeast Asia as an envoy in the early Ming Dynasty, Zhangzhou narcissus had been regarded as a famous flower and shipped overseas. "Borrowing water makes flowers bloom, and water sinks into bones and jade into muscles." Narcissus is usually cultivated in delicate shallow pots. However, its life is also quite simple and simple. With appropriate sunlight and temperature, it can take root and sprout with just a spoonful of water and a few pebbles. In the cold winter, all flowers wither, but narcissus has both leaves and flowers. It is better than pine, bamboo, and plum blossoms, and its appearance is extraordinary. Therefore, countless literati in the past dynasties have written poems and paintings about narcissus, and presented many beautiful chapters.

There are two main varieties of narcissus: one is single-petaled, with a bluish-white corolla, yellow calyx, and a golden crown in the middle. It is shaped like a cup and has a delicate fragrance, so it is called "Yutai Marigold". , the flowering period is about half a month; the other type is double-petaled, with more than ten petals rolled into a cluster, the lower end of the corolla is light yellow and the upper end is pale white, with no obvious crown. It is called "Baifeng Narcissus" or "Jade Linglong". About twenty days. The distribution range of narcissus is very small, only in the eastern foothills of Yuanshan, one of the eight major resorts in Zhangzhou. Because it has unique conditions: Yuanshan blocks the scorching sun, and the sunlight is shorter where the oblique shadow of Yuanshan is, so it is suitable for the cultivation of narcissus. Favorable conditions were created. There is a local song that goes: "On the eighteen sides of the garden mountain, princes appear on each side, and on one side there is no prince, and a narcissus head appears."

Every Spring Festival, skilled craftsmen create narcissus bonsai carving art, and can According to people's wishes, it is opened during the scheduled period, adding a lot of luster to festivals, birthdays, weddings, welcomes, and celebrations. It is lifelike, full of vitality, and intriguing. No wonder people praise Narcissus for being one green and two white. They ask for little, just a basin of water. They don't care about the short life, the "wound" of the blade, and the "humiliation" of the cold. They always stay clean. Self-love brings greenery and warmth to the world.

Mimosa

(Mimosa pudica)

Mimosa, also known as Mimosa, is a perennial herb or subshrub of the Leguminosae family. The plant height is 20-60 cm, and the whole plant has bristles and prickles; 2 pinnately compound leaves, the total petiole is 3-4 cm long, and the leaflets are oblong. The flower heads are axillary, the flowers are small, the corolla is 4-lobed, light red, and the flowering period is from July to October. Pods, seeds broadly oval.

It is native to tropical America and is now widely distributed in various tropical areas. There are a large number of wild distributions in southern China. Propagate by seeding. Many potted plants are used as ornamental plants in the north. The small leaves of Mimosa pudica are extremely sensitive to external stimuli. They can close with a gentle touch and slowly return to their original shape after 5 to 8 minutes. It likes a warm, humid climate, requires sufficient sunshine, and is not strict with the soil, but it grows well on fertile, loose sandy loam.

Mimosine is present in the body, and excessive exposure can cause hair loss.

Tulips

World famous flowers

Tulips

Tulips, which have high ornamental value, are a generation of famous flowers that are popular around the world today. It is a herbaceous plant of the Liliaceae family. The plant is over a foot tall and has oblong leaves. Each plant has 3 to 5 leaves and is pink-green in color. The flower buds protrude from the base and are born on the top of the flower stalk. They are solitary and upright. Each flower has 6 petals, including 1 pistil and 6 stamens. The flowers are dignified and colorful, just like a tall wine glass, bright and eye-catching. , they are so colorful that when you look at them carefully, they feel like the spring breeze blowing on your face, which makes you feel relaxed and frightened.

Tulips are native to Türkiye and Central Asia. According to its original name, Tulipa, it means "beautiful headscarf" in Turkish. As early as the 17th century, the imperial gardens of the Ottoman Empire were specially planted for royal nobles to enjoy. It was introduced to the Netherlands by florists in 1863. In order to sell their products, they made up a story: In ancient times, there was a beautiful girl living in a majestic castle. Three warriors fell in love with her at the same time. One gave her a crown; A sword; a gold nugget for one. But she fell in love with no one, so she had to pray to the Flower God. The Goddess of Flowers realized that love cannot be forced, so he turned the crown into flowers, the sword into green leaves, and the gold nuggets into bulbs, which together formed a tulip. After this story spread, people's love for it deepened, and many people were proud to own the novel variety. At the flower market, merchants took advantage of the opportunity to bargain, even offering a cow in exchange for a seed head. Many Dutch people became rich growing tulips. It was selected as the national flower by the public and has become the leading "tulip country". It sells well in more than 120 countries and accounts for more than 80% of the world's total exports. It, together with windmills, cheese and wooden shoes, has become the "Four Big Tulips" of the Netherlands. national treasure".

Because tulips have the potential to "make an emperor's daughter worry about marrying", many experts spend sleepless nights trying to breed new varieties. According to statistics, there are more than 8,100 tulip varieties in the world. The names are dizzying. For example, yellow flowers with red dots sprinkled on the petals are called "King's Blood", red flowers with stripes on the petals are called "Olympic Torch", and red flowers with petals curled around each other are called "Lover's". Hot kiss" and so on. Especially after the French writer Alexandre Dumas once praised a kind of black tulip called "Black Widow" as "so gorgeous that you can't open your eyes, and so perfect that you can't breathe", the price of black tulips has doubled. It is regarded as a rare treasure by flower lovers. In fact, what this variety blooms is just purple to black, not pure black.

"The soil and water nurture talents." Many people are attracted by the charm of tulips. It is indispensable in many famous parks and tourist destinations in the world. Every year, countless tourists come to browse and admire its beauty in the flower beds of the White House in the United States and the Louvre Museum in France. Not only that, in terms of artistic flower arrangement, it is the most valuable flower material. Its flower stalk can be forty to fifty centimeters long. No matter whether it is a tall vase, a shallow bowl, a round vat, or a square one, it is particularly elegant and refined when inserted, fresh and timeless, making people never tire of looking at it.

Tulips like to grow in cool climates, generally with a suitable temperature of 17-2O”C. They are most afraid of hot and stuffy environments with no ventilation. In South China, they are only suitable for cultivation in winter. If the field is cultivated in the open field It is best to plant in a place with sufficient sunshine, loose soil and abundant water and fertilizer. The soil pH value (acidity and alkalinity) is between 6 and 7, which is neutral soil that is neither acidic nor alkaline. For potted plants, it is best to use a mixture of rotten leaves, fine river sand, perlite, mushroom residue, dried livestock manure and peanut bran, so that they can grow robustly and bloom smoothly.

The tulip seeds look like garlic. It is difficult to save seeds in the south, and most of them have to be imported from abroad. The growth period of different varieties also varies. Some take more than 60 days from sowing to blooming, and some only take about 45 days. . If you want to bloom during the Spring Festival, you must find out the growth characteristics of the seed heads you purchased. To calculate the sowing time, you can calculate the number of days from the first day of the new year to the sowing date. At the same time, the seed heads must be inspected before sowing. For low-temperature treatment, you can place it in the lower compartment of the refrigerator and control it between 5 and 10 "C. Refrigerate it for 30 days and then take it out for sowing. Only in this way can the flower buds differentiate smoothly, otherwise they will not bloom.

Generally, it is best to choose several varieties of home potted plants with different colors and close flowering periods, and sow them together in the same pot. In the future, flowers of red, yellow, purple and other colors will bloom, which will be more beautiful and more beautiful. Gorgeous.

The flowers contain poisonous alkali. People who stay among such flowers for two hours will become dizzy and have symptoms of poisoning. The longer the contact time, the deeper the poisoning. In severe cases, hair may fall off.

Azalea

Azalea

Yellow Cup Azalea

Azalea Alias: Azalea. Family: Rhododendron, Ericaceae, Form: small tree or shrub. The trunk is upright, and the leaf shape is changeable, including oval, heart-shaped, but not strip-shaped. The leaves are leathery or papery, and can be divided into evergreen, deciduous, and semi-evergreen. The flowers are often in terminal racemes or corymbs. The corolla is obviously funnel-shaped or bell-shaped, with single or double petals. The flowers are rich in color, including white, red, pink, purple, purple-red, bluish, and red and white complex colors. , and have various changes such as stripes and spots; some are fragrant, and some are tasteless; the flowering period is from January to July, depending on the variety. The height of potted plants is 30-100 cm. The capsule is cracked and the seeds are mostly powdery or chaffy. There are many kinds of rhododendrons, which are divided into four categories according to the flowering period and the source of introduction: the rhododendron, the summer cuckoo, the eastern cuckoo, and the western cuckoo.

Ericaceae

Shrubs or small trees, occasionally sub-shrublike perennial herbs or vines. There are about 78 genera and 1,350 species in this family, which are widely distributed around the world. They are mainly produced in temperate and sub-arctic zones, and also in tropical mountains. There are 20 genera and more than 700 species in my country, which are produced in both north and south, with the most abundant species in the southwestern mountainous areas.

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White Rhododendron

Rhododendron

Mountain Red

Huangshan Rhododendron

Sheep's Duck

Sessile Bilberry

Vaccinium vulgare

Bellflower

The plants and flowers of yellow rhododendron contain toxins, which may cause poisoning if eaten by mistake; the flowers of white rhododendron contain tetracyclic diterpenes Toxoid, poisoning can cause vomiting, difficulty breathing, numbness of limbs, etc.

Poinsettia

Poinsettia

Euphorbia pulcherrima

Also known as orangutan tree, Christmas flower; evergreen shrub of the Euphorbiaceae family, up to 3 meters, the stem has white latex; the leaves are sometimes violin-shaped. The inflorescence is terminal and the flowers are not conspicuous. The large bracts near the inflorescence are scarlet and are the main ornamental parts. The flowering period is from December to March of the following year, which coincides with Christmas, New Year's Day and Spring Festival. It is an important potted flower for festivals and can also be used as a cut flower. If you want to use flowers for the National Day, you need to start short-day treatment in late August, with 8 to 10 hours of sunshine every day, and they can bloom after 40 days. Ordinary varieties should be pruned and bent in time to make the plant shape even and plump. Propagated by cuttings, the bottom temperature is 22 to 25°C, and roots can take 4 to 5 weeks. It likes high temperatures and strong light; overwintering in northern greenhouses, the night temperature should be above 15°C. There are pink and white flower varieties. Recently, several dwarf varieties have been introduced from abroad. They have short plants and dense branches, which saves the work of pruning and bending branches and has better ornamental effects.

The whole plant is poisonous. Its white latex can irritate the skin and cause allergic reactions. If you accidentally eat the stems and leaves, there is a risk of death from poisoning.

Overview The poinsettia, also known as the Christmas flower, is a plant of the genus Euphorbia of the Euphorbiaceae family. The delicate red bracts of the poinsettia in winter are particularly attractive and are also called Mexican red leaves. Where it originates, it can grow into a 3-4 meter tall shrub in the open field. It blooms brightly red and becomes an important landscape in winter. At present, it has become an important potted flower in commercial production in Europe, America and Japan.

Poinsettia was cultivated earlier in Europe and America. Poinsettia with dome leaves was cultivated in 1918. In 1926, Mrs. Paul Ecke selected and bred bleeding red bracts. In 1951, a spherical poinsettia with curled bracts (Plenissima Ecke's FlamingSpHere) was bred. In 1967, a triploid was bred. Variety Eckespoint C-1 (Eckespoint C-1). So far, new varieties have been continuously launched, and poinsettias have been popular in European and American markets for a long time.

At present, Oglesby Plant Company in the United States, Fischer Gmbh and Selekta Klem in Germany, Agrexko Agricultural Center in Israel, and Men Van Wen in the Netherlands The company and Denmark's DanE-lite Company are all large professional companies that mainly produce poinsettias. Their products are not only domestic famous brands, but many of them are also world-famous products. Among them, the United States has the largest production volume. In 1997, poinsettias accounted for 25% of the total potted flowering plants in the United States and accounted for the output value (