1. The rearing environment should be suitable.
Ducks can't bathe and mate without water, so egg ducks are farmed on a large scale and there must be adequate water sources. Having a clean water sports field is an important factor in raising good egg ducks. The water consumption of raising ducks is particularly large, and having an inexpensive natural water source reduces feeding costs. When choosing a site, make adequate water supply a priority. Wide water surface is best, water depth of 1~2m is appropriate. In order to prevent water cuts in the dry season, but also to prepare a deep well to ensure the water source.
As far as possible in the factories and towns upstream of the construction of the field, in order to maintain fresh air, water quality is excellent. In order to ensure that the environment is not polluted, the use of clean water, in the duck farms around 5km, there can be no settlements and livestock slaughterhouses and factories with sewage and toxic gas emissions.
The traffic of the duck farm should be convenient for the transportation of various materials such as products and feed, and it is better to have highway, waterway or railroad connection to reduce the transportation cost. At the same time to meet the requirements of epidemic prevention, the environment should be quiet so as not to affect the duck's egg production. To ensure that the power supply, with sewage water and manure and waste places, do a good job of farm greening and other supporting facilities.
2. Grasp the feeding management of ducklings
Duckling rearing feeding management is a very important basic stage of duck rearing. To scientific management, to create suitable temperature, humidity, air, light, nutrition and clean and quiet environment for ducklings, minimize the impact of severe stress.
Breeding conditions. Good brooding temperature can promote the development, ensure the healthy growth of ducklings, and improve the survival rate of ducklings. The brooding temperature must be kept steady, not high or low. For example, 1~2 days old ducklings, brooding temperature of 26~27 ℃; 3~7 days old for 22~26 ℃; 8~14 days old for 18~22 ℃; 15~21 days old for 16~18 ℃. The relative humidity of the room should be higher in the pre-breeding period, and the ducklings will have dry claws and lack of spirit when the humidity is too low. Feeding density is too large, will not only affect the growth and development of ducklings, but also easy to cause the spread of disease, feeding density must be adjusted with the age and seasonal changes in a timely manner. Natural light can enhance the blood circulation of ducklings, promote bone growth, enhance appetite, and sufficient natural light can stimulate the digestive system and strengthen metabolism. When natural light is insufficient, artificial light should be increased in time.
Feeding management of ducklings. The survival rate of ducklings directly affects the economic benefits of raising ducks, so we must grasp the management of ducklings. Ducklings can drink and eat after 1 day of shelling, and it is very important for ducklings to drink and eat. Must do early drinking water, early food, and to ensure that 24 hours after the shell to eat full-value chick egg duck feed. Drinking water can be added to the appropriate amount of glucose and vitamin C. 3 days of age before feeding every 2 hours during the day, 2 times at night can be gradually reduced to 21 days of age, 3 times a day, to do less feeding and more meals. Ducklings after 3 days of food, need to increase animal protein feed, free-range households can be small fish and shrimp, mussels, crabs, etc. chopped and mixed with the food to feed. And supplement the appropriate amount of green feed. The bathing and exercise of ducklings can promote metabolism, enhance physical fitness and promote development. Generally 5 days after the shell can exercise its water. But the bathing time should not be too long, because the tail fat glands of ducklings are still undeveloped. The water temperature should be appropriate, the water should be shallow, in order to not over the duck's feet is appropriate. Within 10 minutes a day is appropriate, half a month later can be extended to 15 minutes or longer. Reasonable division of flocks can facilitate management and make better use of space. Different batches of ducks of different ages can be kept in separate groups, preferably according to the body condition and development of the ducks.
To do a good job of immunization of ducklings, immunization procedures and types vary from place to place, depending on the local situation of infectious diseases. It is necessary to investigate carefully to develop the best immunization program and strictly implemented. Growth retardation, malnutrition of the poor physical condition of the ducklings, should be eliminated at the right time to reduce feeding costs.
3 grasp the feeding management of laying ducks
The benefits of laying ducks depends on the duck's egg production, the management of this period is critical. Good egg-laying ducks laying eggs to utilize the period of about 350 days, that is, the first year of laying eggs. After the feathering rest, the second year after the production performance to decline year by year, such as eggshell thinning, fertilization rate, hatchability should be reduced. In order to make the pre-laying period as soon as possible to push the egg production to the peak, in terms of nutrition should be based on the natural environment, feeding scale selection of full-price egg duck feed to meet the nutritional needs of ducks, the amount of feeding to the amount of free-feeding is appropriate. The light intensity during the egg-laying period should be gradually increased until it reaches 16 hours of light per day and night and 2W of light per square meter. The lighting process should avoid causing stress reaction. The optimal temperature during the egg-laying period is 13~20℃. If the temperature is too high, the feed intake will be reduced and the egg-laying rate will decrease. When the temperature is below 5℃, it is necessary to keep warm in time, and when the temperature exceeds 30℃, it is necessary to do the heat preservation and cooling treatment in time. With the change of seasons, the management focus should also be adjusted appropriately: spring is mainly ventilation and disinfection, summer heat preservation and cooling, autumn to strengthen the light, winter cold insulation.
4 Duck disease control
Timely vaccination of ducklings to prevent and control diseases. General vaccination to prevent infectious diseases are mainly duck fever, duck cholera, etc., according to the instructions. Brooder room, sports field to change bedding, strengthen ventilation, adhere to regular cleaning and disinfection, keep clean, dry. Food troughs and water troughs need to be washed and disinfected frequently to reduce the chances of survival and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. Duck houses should be frequently sanitized to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms dispersed in the environment, cut off the transmission of disease, and control the spread of epidemics.